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Sheikhi-Kouhsar M, Bagheri H, Alsaikhan F, Aldhalmi AK, Ahmed HH. Solubility of digitoxin in supercritical CO 2: Experimental study and modeling. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 195:106731. [PMID: 38387711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In this communication, the solubility of digitoxin drug in supercritical CO2 was studied at different operating conditions (311 < T (K) < 343, 120 < P (bar) < 300). The results revealed digitoxin drug solubility (in mole fraction) was between 0.095 × 10-5 to 1.12 × 10-5. In the case of thermodynamic solubility modeling, cubic and non-cubic equation of states i.e. SAFT (statistical associating fluid theory), SRK (Soave-Redlich-Kwong) and sPC-SAFT (simplified perturbed chain SAFT) EoSs and six density-based correlations (Chrastil, Kumar-Johnston (KJ), Mendez-Santiago-Teja (MST), Garlapati and Madras (GM), Bartle et al. and Sung-Shim models) were considered. All used equations indicated reasonable behavior with appropriate accuracy for the solubility of the digitoxin drug. Meanwhile, sPC-SAFT EoS and Kumar-Johnston correlation with AARD% set to 8.96 % and 6.25 %, respectively exhibited greater accuracy in fitting the solubility data. Moreover, total, solvation and vaporization enthalpies of the digitoxin/supercritical carbon dioxide binary mixture were calculated based on KJ, Chrastil and Bartle et al. models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Sheikhi-Kouhsar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, 71946-84334 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Bagheri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 76188-68366 Kerman, Iran.
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ma Y, Cong Z, Gao P, Wang Y. Nanosuspensions technology as a master key for nature products drug delivery and In vivo fate. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 185:106425. [PMID: 36934992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The drug nanosuspensions is a universal formulation approach for improved drug delivery of hydrophobic drugs and one the most promising approaches for increasing the biopharmaceutical performance of poorly water-soluble drug substances, especially for nature products. This review aimed to summarize the nanosuspensions preparation approaches and the main technological difficulties encountered in nanosuspensions development, such as guidelines for stabilizers screening, in vivo fate of the intravenously administrated nanosuspensions, and how to realize the intravenously target delivery was reviewed. Furthermore, challenges of nanosuspensions for the nature products delivery also was discussed and commented. Therefore, it hoped to provide reference and assistance for the nanosuspensions production, stabilizers usage, and predictability of in vivo fate and controllability of targeting delivery of the nature products nanosuspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, P R China
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Yancai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, P R China
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3
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Facile Synthesis of Cyclic Polyamidine with High Cationic Degree Using Environmentally Benign Approach. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062530. [PMID: 36985502 PMCID: PMC10054134 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An environmentally benign approach was developed to fabricate cyclic polyamidine via polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) and subsequently amidinization in water. Synthetic parameters were evaluated using response surface methodology. In comparison with aqueous solution polymerization for the fabrication of PNVF-co-PAN, polymerization using SCCO2 is favorable to promote the yield and viscosity of PNVF-co-PAN and diminished reaction time on account of excellent solvation capacity and transport property of SCCO2. Replacing the traditional water solution with SCCO2 as a green solvent could heighten the purity of PNVF-co-PAN by virtue of the excellent extraction of SCCO2. The cationic degree (5.66 mmol/g) of polyamidine fabricated by environmentally benign approach was significantly higher than that in previous reported studies.
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Khudaida SH, Hsieh WY, Huang YZ, Wu WY, Lee MJ, Su CS. Solubility of probenecid in supercritical carbon dioxide and composite particles prepared using supercritical antisolvent process. J Supercrit Fluids 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2023.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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5
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Verma V, Patel P, Ryan KM, Hudson S, Padrela L. Production of hydrochlorothiazide nanoparticles with increased permeability using top-spray coating process. J Supercrit Fluids 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Ha ES, Kang HT, Park H, Kim S, Kim MS. Advanced technology using supercritical fluid for particle production in pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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O’Sullivan A, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Production of biopharmaceutical dried-powders using supercritical CO2 technology. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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How Does Long-Term Storage Influence the Physical Stability and Dissolution of Bicalutamide from Solid Dispersions and Minitablets? Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10051002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The stability of amorphous drugs is among the main challenges in the development of solid dosage forms. This paper examines the effect of storage conditions (25 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/75% RH) and different packaging materials, i.e., polystyrene containers and PVC/Al blisters, on the crystallinity and dissolution characteristics of solid dispersions containing bicalutamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The results confirmed drug amorphization upon milling and improved dissolution resulting from the lack of a crystal lattice. These properties varied with time regarding sample composition, storage conditions, and packaging material. The most resistant to storage conditions was the 1:1 solid dispersion packed into blisters. Based on the obtained results, the 1:1 solid dispersion was formulated into minitablets, which were then tested after tableting and then packed into PVC/Al blisters and stored for six months in the same conditions as solid dispersions. We proved that efficient stabilization of amorphous bicalutamide depends on the barrier properties of packaging materials and that a properly chosen material protected the drug substance from the influence of unfavorable storage conditions such as elevated temperature and humidity.
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Ramachandran JP, Antony A, Ramakrishnan RM, Wallen SL, Raveendran P. CO2-solvated liquefaction of polyethylene glycol (PEG): A novel, green process for the preparation of drug-excipient composites at low temperatures. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Reverchon E, Scognamiglio M, Baldino L. The Nanostructure of Polymer-Active Principle Microparticles Produced by Supercritical CO 2 Assisted Processing. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091401. [PMID: 35564110 PMCID: PMC9105249 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Traditional and supercritical CO2 assisted processes are frequently used to produce microparticles formed by a biopolymer containing an active principle to improve the bioavailability of the active principle. However, information about the internal organization of these microparticles is still scarce. In this work, a suspension of dextran + Fe3O4 nanoparticles (model system) and a solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) + curcumin were used to produce spherical microparticles by supercritical CO2 processing. Periodic dynamic light scattering measurements were used to analyze the evolution of the microparticles dissolution, size, and size distribution of the guest active principle in the polymeric matrix. It was found that curcumin was dispersed in the form of nanoparticles in the PVP microparticles, whose size largely depended on its relative concentration. These results were validated by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the PVP microparticles and curcumin nanoparticles, before and after the dissolution tests.
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11
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MacEachern L, Kermanshahi-Pour A, Mirmehrabi M. Transformation under pressure: Discovery of a novel crystalline form of anthelmintic drug Praziquantel using high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide. Int J Pharm 2022; 619:121723. [PMID: 35395364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) has been used as a processing technique to control polymorphism of pharmaceuticals. However, there are fewer reports of novel polymorphs being discovered by supercritical CO2 processing. As supercritical crystallization methods gain attention for potential in pharmaceutical processing, they may become a critical screening tool for discovery of new polymorphs. In this work, a case study is presented for a novel crystalline form of the anthelmintic drug, Praziquantel, found through supercritical CO2 processing. The novel form of Praziquantel was characterized by chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the novel form exhibited 13-20% improved solubility compared to commercial Form A between pH 1.6 and 7.5 and was physically stable under stressed conditions (40 °C and 75% relative humidity) for 7.5 weeks. Overall, this work showed that supercritical CO2 processing is a valuable tool to screen for novel, and possibly viable polymorphs of pharmaceutical compounds with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren MacEachern
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1Z1, Canada; Solid State Pharma Inc., 1489 Hollis Street, Suite 300, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3M5, Canada
| | - Azadeh Kermanshahi-Pour
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Mahmoud Mirmehrabi
- Solid State Pharma Inc., 1489 Hollis Street, Suite 300, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3M5, Canada.
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12
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High-pressure fluid technologies: Recent approaches to the production of natural pigments for food and pharmaceutical applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Sharma A, Khamar D, Cullen S, Hayden A, Hughes H. Innovative Drying Technologies for Biopharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121115. [PMID: 34547393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, biopharmaceuticals have been a breakthrough in improving the quality of lives of patients with various cancers, autoimmune, genetic disorders etc. With the growing demand of biopharmaceuticals, the need for reducing manufacturing costs is essential without compromising on the safety, quality, and efficacy of products. Batch Freeze-drying is the primary commercial means of manufacturing solid biopharmaceuticals. However, Freeze-drying is an economically unfriendly means of production with long production cycles, high energy consumption and heavy capital investment, resulting in high overall costs. This review compiles some potential, innovative drying technologies that have not gained popularity for manufacturing parenteral biopharmaceuticals. Some of these technologies such as Spin-freeze-drying, Spray-drying, Lynfinity® Technology etc. offer a paradigm shift towards continuous manufacturing, whereas PRINT® Technology and MicroglassificationTM allow controlled dry particle characteristics. Also, some of these drying technologies can be easily scaled-up with reduced requirement for different validation processes. The inclusion of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) and offline characterization techniques in tandem can provide additional information on the Critical Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) during biopharmaceutical processing. These processing technologies can be envisaged to increase the manufacturing capacity for biopharmaceutical products at reduced costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Sharma
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Dikshitkumar Khamar
- Sanofi, Manufacturing Science, Analytics and Technology (MSAT), IDA Industrial Park, Waterford X91TP27, Ireland
| | - Sean Cullen
- Gilead Sciences, Commercial Manufacturing, IDA Business & Technology Park, Carrigtwohill, Co. Cork T45DP77, Ireland
| | - Ambrose Hayden
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
| | - Helen Hughes
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
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14
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Rezvanjoo Z, Raofie F. Nanoparticle Production of Terminalia Chebula Extracts by Expansion of Supercritical Solution (ESS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x2150037x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia chebula pharmaceuticals were extracted by using the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique. Under the optimal conditions of 184 [Formula: see text]L modifier volume, 46 min dynamic extraction time, and 316 atm fluid pressure, the extraction procedure was optimized by central composite design. A modified rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) technique, named expansion of the supercritical solution (ESS) was used to create the extracted pharmaceutical nanoparticles (NPs). In ESS, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO[Formula: see text] was saturated with the extracts at high-pressure. Next, a pressure drop reduced the SC-CO2 solubility power in a way the extracts started to precipitate. In contrast to RESS, the pressure was permanently conserved above the critical pressure before and after depressurization. Therefore, the expansion process was gentle, which led to obtaining small and uniform particles. In the NP production process, the most adequate parameters were 360[Formula: see text]atm premier pressure, 120[Formula: see text]atm subsequent pressure, 25[Formula: see text]min equilibrium time, 30[Formula: see text]min sedimentation time, and [Formula: see text]C temperature. The average size of precipitated NPs was 41[Formula: see text]nm according to the results of field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry evaluation demonstrated the presence of chebulinic and chebulagic acids in the extracted sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rezvanjoo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Farhad Raofie
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
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15
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Verma V, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Production and isolation of pharmaceutical drug nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2021; 603:120708. [PMID: 33992712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanosizing of pharmaceutical drug particles is one of the most important drug delivery platforms approaches for the commercial development of poorly water-soluble drug molecules. Though nanosizing of drug particles has been proven to greatly enhance drugs dissolution rate and apparent solubility, nanosized materials have presented significant challenges for their formulation as solid dosage forms (e.g. tablets, capsules). This is due to the strong Van der Waals attraction forces between dry nanoparticles leading to aggregation, cohesion, and consequently poor flowability. In this review, the broad area of nanomedicines is overviewed with the primary focus on drug nanocrystals and the top-down and bottom-up methods used in their fabrication. The review also looks at how nanosuspensions of pharmaceutical drugs are generated and stabilised, followed by subsequent strategies for isolation of the nanoparticles. A perspective on the future outlook for drug nanocrystals is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Verma
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luis Padrela
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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16
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Long B, Verma V, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Generation and physicochemical characterization of posaconazole cocrystals using Gas Antisolvent (GAS) and Supercritical Solvent (CSS) methods. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Liu G, Li J, Deng S. Applications of Supercritical Anti-Solvent Process in Preparation of Solid Multicomponent Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040475. [PMID: 33915815 PMCID: PMC8067079 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid multicomponent systems (SMS) are gaining an increasingly important role in the pharmaceutical industry, to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In recent years, various processes have been employed for SMS manufacturing. Control of the particle solid-state properties, such as size, morphology, and crystal form is required to optimize the SMS formulation. By utilizing the unique and tunable properties of supercritical fluids, supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) process holds great promise for the manipulation of the solid-state properties of APIs. The SAS techniques have been developed from batch to continuous mode. Their applications in SMS preparation are summarized in this review. Many pharmaceutical co-crystals and solid dispersions have been successfully produced via the SAS process, where the solid-state properties of APIs can be well designed by controlling the operating parameters. The underlying mechanisms on the manipulation of solid-state properties are discussed, with the help of on-line monitoring and computational techniques. With continuous researching, SAS process will give a large contribution to the scalable and continuous manufacturing of desired SMS in the near future.
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Abstract
With an increasing interest in cocrystals due to various advantages, demand for large-scale cocrystallization techniques is rising. Solution cocrystallization is a solvent-based approach that utilizes several single-component crystallization concepts as well as equipment for generating cocrystals. Solution-based techniques can produce cocrystals with reasonable control on purity, size distribution, morphology, and polymorphic form. Many of them also offer a scalable solution for the industrial production of cocrystals. However, the complexity of the thermodynamic landscape and the kinetics of cocrystallization offers fresh challenges which are not encountered in single component crystallization. This review focuses on the recent developments in different solution cocrystallization techniques for the production of pharmaceutically relevant cocrystals. The review consists of two sections. The first section describes the various solution cocrystallization methods, highlighting their benefits and limitations. The second section emphasizes the challenges in developing these techniques to an industrial scale and identifies the major thrust areas where further research is required.
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Powder coating and dissolution rate modification of L-leucine supplements with hydrophilic fumed SiO2 nanoparticles by ultrasonic irradiation in high-pressure liquid CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Verma V, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Pharmaceutical nanoparticle isolation using CO 2-assisted dynamic bed coating. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120032. [PMID: 33171263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Poor solubility of new chemical entities (NCEs) is a major bottleneck in the pharmaceutical industry which typically leads to poor drug bioavailability and efficacy. Nanotechnologies offer an interesting route to improve the apparent solubility and dissolution rate of pharmaceutical drugs, and processes such as nano-spray drying and supercritical CO2-assisted spray drying (SASD) provide a route to engineer and produce solid drug nanoparticles. However, dried nanoparticles often show poor rheological properties (e.g. flowability, tabletability) and their isolation using these methods is typically inefficient and leads to poor collection yields. The work presented herein demonstrates a novel production and isolation method for drug nanoparticles using a 'top spray dynamic bed coating' process, which uses CO2 spray as the fluidizing gas. Nanoparticles of three BCS class II Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), namely carbamazepine (CBZ), ketoprofen (KET) and risperidone (RIS), were produced and successfully coated onto micron-sized microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) particles. The size distribution of the API nanoparticles was in the range of 90-490 nm. The stable forms of CBZ (form III), KET (form I), and the metastable form of RIS (form B) were produced and coated onto MCC carrier microparticles. All the isolated solids presented optimal rheological properties along with a 2-6 fold improvement in the dissolution rate of the corresponding APIs. Hence, the 'top spray dynamic bed coater' developed in this work demonstrates to be an efficient approach to produce and coat API nanoparticles onto carrier particles with optimal rheological properties and improved dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Verma
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luis Padrela
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Long B, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Investigating Process Variables and Additive Selection To Optimize Polymorphic Control of Carbamazepine in a CO 2 Antisolvent Crystallization Process. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Long
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin M. Ryan
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luis Padrela
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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22
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Application of Box-Behnken Design to Investigate the Effect of Process Parameters on the Microparticle Production of Ethenzamide through the Rapid Expansion of the Supercritical Solutions Process. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12010042. [PMID: 31947846 PMCID: PMC7022259 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the rapid expansion of the supercritical solutions (RESS) process was used to produce microparticles of a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug, ethenzamide. The effects of process parameters in RESS including the extraction temperature, pre-expansion temperature, and post-expansion temperature were investigated using the Box-Behnken design. According to the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the effect of pre-expansion temperature is the most significant parameter on the mean size of RESS-produced ethenzamide. A higher pre-expansion temperature benefits the production of smaller crystals. In addition, a quadratic effect of the post-expansion temperature was also identified. Through RESS, ethenzamide microparticles with a mean size of 1.6 μm were successfully produced. The solid-state properties including the crystal habit, crystal form, thermal behavior, and spectrometric property were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). These analytical results show that the rod-like crystals were generated through RESS, and the crystal form, thermal behavior, and spectrometric property of RESS-produced crystals are consistent with the unprocessed ethenzamide.
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Purification of Polybutylene Terephthalate by Oligomer Removal Using a Compressed CO 2 Antisolvent. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071230. [PMID: 31340537 PMCID: PMC6680407 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the cyclic oligomers in the highly chemically resistant polyester polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) were effectively removed using a compressed CO2 antisolvent technique in which 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) was used as the solvent. In addition to the oligomers, tetrahydrofuran was completely removed because of its low molecular weight and liquid state. The effects of the operating variables, including temperature, pressure, and the PBT concentration in HFIP, on the degree of removal of the oligomers were systematically studied using experimental design and the response surface methodology. The most appropriate operating conditions for the purification of PBT were 8.3 MPa and 23.4 °C when using 4.5 wt % PBT in HFIP. Under these conditions, the cyclic trimers and dimers could be removed by up to 81.4% and 95.7%, respectively, in a very short operating time.
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