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Takahashi Y, Kambayashi A. Physiologically based in vitro - In vivo correlation of modified release oral formulations with non-linear intestinal absorption: A case study using mirabegron. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024:114479. [PMID: 39233190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Establishing an in vitro - in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for oral modified release (MR) formulations would make it possible to substitute an in vitro dissolution test for human bioequivalence (BE) studies when changing the formulation or manufacturing methods. However, the number of IVIVC applications and approvals are reportedly low. One of the main reasons for failure to obtain IVIVCs using conventional methodologies may be the lack of consideration of the dissolution and absorption mechanisms of drugs in the physiological environment. In particular, it is difficult to obtain IVIVC using conventional methodologies for drugs with non-linear absorption processes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop a physiologically based biopharmaceutics model (PBBM) that enables Level A IVIVCs for mirabegron MR formulations with non-linear absorption characteristics. Using human pharmacokinetic (PK) data for immediate-release formulations of mirabegron, the luminal drug concentration-dependent membrane permeation coefficient was calculated through curve fitting. The membrane permeation coefficient data were then applied to the human PK data of the MR formulations to estimate the in vivo dissolution rate by curve fitting. It was assumed that in vivo dissolution could be described using a zero-order rate equation. Furthermore, a Levy plot was generated using the estimated in vivo dissolution rate and the in vitro dissolution rate obtained from the literature. Finally, the dissolution rate of the MR formulations from the Levy plot was applied to the PBBM to predict the oral PK of the mirabegron MR formulations. This PB-IVIVC approach successfully generated linear Levy plots with slopes of almost 1.0 for MR formulations with different dose strengths and dissolution rates. The Cmax values of the MR formulations were accurately predicted using this approach, whereas the prediction errors for AUC exceeded the Level A IVIVC criteria. This can be attributed to the incomplete description of colonic absorption in the current PBBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kambayashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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Kambayashi A. In Silico Modeling Approaches Coupled with In Vitro Characterization in Predicting In Vivo Performance of Drug Delivery System Formulations. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4344-4353. [PMID: 37523273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of the in vivo performance of dosage forms in humans is essential in developing not only conventional formulations but also drug delivery system (DDS) formulations. Although animal experiments are still useful for these formulations, in silico approaches have become increasingly important for DDS formulations with regard to species-specific differences in physiology that can affect the in vivo performance of dosage forms between animals and humans. Furthermore, it is also important to couple in vitro characterizations with in silico models to predict in vivo performance in humans precisely. In this review article, I summarized in vitro-in silico approaches to predicting the in vivo performance of oral DDS formulations (amorphous solid dispersions, lipid-based formulations, nanosized formulations, cyclodextrins-based formulations, sustained release products, enteric coat products, and orally disintegrating tablets) and parenteral DDS formulations (cyclodextrins-based formulations, liposomes, and inhaled formulations).
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kambayashi
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Incorporated, 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
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Kambayashi A, Murano M, Imai S, Miyata K, Sugita K, Fujii Y, Kinoshita M, Nomura A, Kimoto T, Miyazaki Y, Sakakibara H, Kakuda S, Tsujimoto T, Fujita Y, Kano M, Nakamura H, Akaogi S, Honda M, Anraku M, Kamada N, Ohta K, Uchida M, Kataoka M, Kikuchi H, Yamashita S, Kondo H. Interspecies differences in gastrointestinal physiology affecting the in vivo performance of oral pharmaceutical solid dosage forms. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Umemoto Y, Tanaka S, Kambayashi A, Sugimoto K, Kashiwagura Y, Namiki N, Uchida S. Gummi Formulations Comprising Amenamevir Solid Dispersions with Polyvinyl Alcohol. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:862-871. [PMID: 34470950 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether solid dispersions (SDs) are applicable to gummi formulations. Amenamevir was selected as a model of a poorly water-soluble drug, and polyvinyl alcohols (PVAs) with various degrees of hydrolysis (PVA 66, PVA 80, PVA 88, and PVA 66/88) were used as SD carriers. Design of experiments (DOE) was used to develop a gummi formulation that was suitable for an amenamevir SD using SD with PVA 66. Dissolution studies and clinical sensory tests on 11 formulations calculated by DOE revealed that a gummi formulation comprising 10.5% gelatin and 22.8% water was suitable for SD of the drug. Gummi formulations comprising amenamevir SDs with various PVAs were prepared using the determined gummi formulation, and their ability to dissolve amenamevir, their stability, and their oral absorption in dogs were evaluated. The results suggested that PVA 66, PVA 66/88, and PVA 80 were appropriate in terms of dissolution, stability, and in vivo absorption, respectively. Considering these results comprehensively, it was concluded that PVA 80, which enabled the highest degree of absorption, was the most suitable SD carrier for gummi formulations. Thus, it was possible to apply a PVA SD of amenamevir to gummi formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Umemoto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka.,Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc
| | - Shimako Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | | | - Koki Sugimoto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yasuharu Kashiwagura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Noriyuki Namiki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Shinya Uchida
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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Komasaka T, Dressman J. Simulation of oral absorption from non-bioequivalent dosage forms of the salt of raltegravir, a poorly soluble acidic drug, using a physiologically based biopharmaceutical modeling (PBBM) approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 157:105630. [PMID: 33122010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-bioequivalent plasma concentration profiles among different dosage forms of the salt of raltegravir, a poorly soluble acidic drug, were investigated using biorelevant in vitro testing combined with the commercial in silico software, Simcyp®. A suspension and a tablet dosage forms of raltegravir potassium were selected as the test formulations. While dissolution from the suspension was rapid, dissolution from the tablets was slow and delayed by pre-exposure to an acidic environment. Although the tablet was expected to have complex in vivo performance, plasma concentration profiles were successfully simulated when gastric emptying was taken into account as a key physiological factor in in vitro and in silico trials. The effect of pre-exposure to acid in the stomach on dissolution behavior in the intestine was estimated by two-stage in vitro dissolution testing. Based on these results, theoretical in vivo dissolution profiles for different gastric emptying times were inputted into the in silico model and plasma concentration profiles were simulated taking the distribution of individual gastric emptying times into account. The in vitro and in silico method presented in this report would be a practical approach to simulate oral absorption from various formulations of poorly soluble weak acids and their salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Komasaka
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 3-16-89, Kashima, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8505, Japan.
| | - Jennifer Dressman
- Fraunhofer Institute of Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Division of Translational Pharmacology and Medicine (TMP), and Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Mohylyuk V, Goldoozian S, Andrews GP, Dashevskiy A. IVIVC for Extended Release Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets in Consideration of Biorelevant Mechanical Stress. Pharm Res 2020; 37:227. [PMID: 33094368 PMCID: PMC7581586 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose When establishing IVIVC, a special problem arises by interpretation of averaged in vivo profiles insight of considerable individual variations in term of time and number of mechanical stress events in GI-tract. The objective of the study was to investigate and forecast the effect of mechanical stress on in vivo behavior in human of hydrophilic matrix tablets. Methods Dissolution profiles for the marketed products were obtained at different conditions (stirring speed, single- or repeatable mechanical stress applied) and convoluted into C-t profiles. Vice versa, published in vivo C-t profiles of the products were deconvoluted into absorption profiles and compared with dissolution profiles by similarity factor. Results Investigated hydrophilic matrix tablets varied in term of their resistance against hydrodynamic stress or single stress during the dissolution. Different scenarios, including repeatable mechanical stress, were investigated on mostly prone Seroquel® XR 50 mg. None of the particular scenarios fits to the published in vivo C-t profile of Seroquel® XR 50 mg representing, however, the average of individual profiles related to scenarios differing by number, frequency and time of contraction stress. When different scenarios were combined in different proportions, the profiles became closer to the original in vivo profile including a burst between 4 and 5 h, probably, due to stress-events in GI-tract. Conclusion For establishing IVIVC of oral dosage forms susceptible mechanical stress, a comparison of the deconvoluted individual in vivo profiles with in vitro profiles of different dissolution scenarios can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyn Mohylyuk
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169, Berlin, Germany
| | - Seyedreza Goldoozian
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gavin P Andrews
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Andriy Dashevskiy
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169, Berlin, Germany.
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Tsume Y, Patel S, Wang M, Hermans A, Kesisoglou F. The Introduction of a New Flexible In Vivo Predictive Dissolution Apparatus, GIS-Alpha (GIS-α), to Study Dissolution Profiles of BCS Class IIb Drugs, Dipyridamole and Ketoconazole. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3471-3479. [PMID: 32888960 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The physiological pH changes and peristalsis activities in gastrointestinal (GI) tract have big impact on the dissolution of oral drug products, when those oral drug products include APIs with pH-dependent solubility. It is well documented that predicting the bioperformance of those oral drug products can be challenging using compendial methods. To overcome this limitation, in vivo predictive dissolution apparatuses, such as the transfer model, have been developed to predict bioperformance of oral formulation candidates and drug products. In this manuscript we utilize a new transfer-model dissolution apparatus, the gastrointestinal simulator-α (GIS-α), to characterize its behavior in terms of transfer kinetics and pH, assess its reproducibility and adaptability to mimic different transfer conditions, as well as study dissolution of ketoconazole and dipyridamole as model BCS class IIb compounds. Availability of commercially available dissolution transfer systems with similar configuration to compendial dissolution apparatus, may be helpful to simplify and standardize in vivo predictive dissolution methodologies for BCS class IIb compounds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Tsume
- Biopharmaceutics, Merck & Co. Inc, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
| | | | - Michael Wang
- Biopharmaceutics, Merck & Co. Inc, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA
| | - Andre Hermans
- Analytical Science, Merck & Co. Inc, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA
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