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Popiół J, Gunia-Krzyżak A, Słoczyńska K, Piska K, Kocot N, Żelaszczyk D, Krupa A, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Marona H, Pękala E. In vitro safety evaluation of (6-methoxy-9-oxo-9 H-xanthen-2-yl)methyl ( E)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate (K-116) - the novel potential UV filter designed by means of a double chromophore strategy. Xenobiotica 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38819995 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2363332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The use of topical photoprotection is necessary to reduce adverse effects caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Despite the high standards set for UV filters, many of them may contribute to the occurrence of adverse effects. The newly synthesised compound K-116, the (E)-cinnamoyl xanthone derivative, could be an alternative. We conducted extended in vitro safety evaluation of compound K-116. The research included assessment of irritation potential on skin tissue, evaluation of penetration through the epidermis, and assessment of phototoxicity, and mutagenicity. Additionally, the eco-safety of compound K-116 was evaluated, including an examination of its degradation pathway in the Cunninghamella echinulata model, as well as in silico simulation of the toxicity of both the parent compound and its degradation products. The research showed that compound K-116 tested in future application conditions is deprived of skin irritant potential additionally it does not penetrate through the epidermis. Results showed that K-116 concentrate is not phototoxic and not mutagenic. The eco-safety studies showed that it undergoes biodegradation in 27% in Cunninghamella echinulata model. The parent compound and formed metabolite are less toxic than reference UV filters (octinoxate and octocrylene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Popiół
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gunia-Krzyżak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Kocot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Żelaszczyk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Krupa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Khunsantiphong N, Thant MT, Pengdee C, Salahong T, Khine HEE, Chanvorachote P, Chaotham C, Sritularak B. A new phenanthrene with a spirolactone ring from Dendrobium ochreatum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38904480 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2368831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Dendroochreatene (1), a new phenanthrene derivative with a spirolactone ring, was isolated from the whole Dendrobium ochreatum plant together with 11 known compounds (2-12). The structure of the new compound was elucidated spectroscopically and phenolic compounds were firstly reported from D. ochreatum. Moscatilin (4), major compound isolated from D. ochreatum, was found to be cytotoxic toward H460 lung-cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 147.3 ± 0.9 µM, while loddigesiinol C (7), C-α-methoxy derivative was inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthaphitcha Khunsantiphong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - May Thazin Thant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chattarika Pengdee
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanarat Salahong
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hnin Ei Ei Khine
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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3
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Jamrozik M, Piska K, Bucki A, Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Sapa M, Władyka B, Pękala E, Kołaczkowski M. In Silico and In Vitro Assessment of Carbonyl Reductase 1 Inhibition Using ASP9521-A Potent Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3 Inhibitor with the Potential to Support Anticancer Therapy Using Anthracycline Antibiotics. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093767. [PMID: 37175180 PMCID: PMC10180078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline antibiotics (ANT) are among the most widely used anticancer drugs. Unfortunately, their use is limited due to the development of drug resistance and cardiotoxicity. ANT metabolism, performed mainly by two enzymes-aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) and carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1)-is one of the proposed mechanisms generated by the described effects. In this study, we evaluated the CBR1 inhibitory properties of ASP9521, a compound already known as potent AKR1C3 inhibitor. First, we assessed the possibility of ASP9521 binding to the CBR1 catalytic site using molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The research revealed a potential binding mode of ASP9521. Moderate inhibitory activity against CBR1 was observed in studies with recombinant enzymes. Finally, we examined whether ASP9521 can improve the cytotoxic activity of daunorubicin against human lung carcinoma cell line A549 and assessed the cardioprotective properties of ASP9521 in a rat cardiomyocytes model (H9c2) against doxorubicin- and daunorubicin-induced toxicity. The addition of ASP9521 ameliorated the cytotoxic activity of daunorubicin and protected rat cardiomyocytes from the cytotoxic effect of both applied drugs. Considering the favorable bioavailability and safety profile of ASP9521, the obtained results encourage further research. Inhibition of both AKR1C3 and CBR1 may be a promising method of overcoming ANT resistance and cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Jamrozik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
| | - Michał Sapa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
| | - Benedykt Władyka
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7 St, 31-007 Cracow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St, 31-008 Cracow, Poland
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4
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Deng G, Zha H, Luo H, Zhou Y. Aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles and their diagnostic and therapeutic roles in cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1118546. [PMID: 36741760 PMCID: PMC9892635 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1118546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of incidence rate and mortality of cancer is increasing rapidly, and the development of precise intervention measures for cancer detection and treatment will help reduce the burden and pain of cancer. At present, the sensitivity and specificity of tumor markers such as CEA and CA-125 used clinically are low, while PET, SPECT, and other imaging diagnoses with high sensitivity possess shortcomings, including long durations to obtain formal reports and the inability to identify the molecular pathological type of cancer. Cancer surgery is limited by stage and easy to recur. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy often cause damage to normal tissues, leading to evident side effects. Aptamers can selectively and exclusively bind to biomarkers and have, therefore, gained attention as ligands to be targeted for cancer detection and treatment. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are considered as promising nano carriers for cancer diagnosis and treatment due to their strong light scattering characteristics, effective biocompatibility, and easy surface modification with targeted agents. The aptamer-gold nanoparticles targeting delivery system developed herein can combine the advantages of aptamers and gold nanoparticles, and shows excellent targeting, high specificity, low immunogenicity, minor side effects, etc., which builds a bridge for cancer markers to be used in early and efficient diagnosis and precise treatment. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in the application of aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles in cancer targeted diagnosis and delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells and emphasize the prospects and challenges of transforming these studies into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhen Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - He Zha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongzhi Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jian Yang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, JianYang, Sichuan, China
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5
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Lu X, Huang X, Xu H, Lu S, You S, Xu J, Zhan Q, Dong C, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Cao L, Zhang X, Zhang N, Zhang L. The role of E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP2 and the regulation of PARP1 by ubiquitinated degradation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:421. [PMID: 36257929 PMCID: PMC9579143 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been a huge threat for people's health and finding effective target therapy is urgent and important. WWP2, as one of E3 ubiquitin ligase, is involved in many biological processes by specifically binding to substrates. PARP1 plays a role in cell apoptosis and is considered as a therapeutic target of certain cancers. In this study, we firstly found that WWP2 expressed higher in newly diagnosed ALL patients comparing with complete remission (CR) ALL patients and normal control people, and WWP2 in relapse ALL patients expressed higher than normal control people. WWP2 expression was related with the FAB subtype of ALL and the proportion of blast cells in bone marrow blood tested by flow cytometry. We demonstrated knockout WWP2 inhibited the ALL growth and enhanced apoptosis induced by Dox in vitro and vivo for the first time. WWP2 negatively regulated and interacted with PARP1 and WWP2 mechanically degraded PARP1 through polyubiquitin-proteasome pathway in ALL. These findings suggested WWP2 played a role in ALL development as well as growth and apoptosis, and also displayed a regulatory pathway of PARP1, which provided a new potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Lu
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haiqi Xu
- Department of Hematology, General Hospital of PLA Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Saien Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shilong You
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qianru Zhan
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liu Cao
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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6
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Cinnamamide derivatives with 4-hydroxypiperidine moiety enhance effect of doxorubicin to cancer cells and protect cardiomyocytes against drug-induced toxicity through CBR1 inhibition mechanism. Life Sci 2022; 305:120777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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7
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Yenigül M, Akçok İ, Gencer Akçok EB. Ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid combination exhibits selective anticancer effects on K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7521-7530. [PMID: 35585382 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the recent advances in chemotherapy, the outcomes and the success of these treatments still remain insufficient. Novel combination treatments and treatment strategies need to be developed in order to achieve more effective treatment. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid on cancer cell lines. METHODS The anti-proliferative effect of ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid was investigated by MTT cell viability assay in three different cancer cell lines. Combination indexes were calculated using CompuSyn software. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometric Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining. The effect of the inhibitors on cell cycle distribution was measured by propidium iodide staining. RESULTS The combination treatment of ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid decreased cell proliferation significantly, by 63%, 75% and 70% for K562, HepG2 and TFK-1 cells, respectively. A 5.5-fold increase in the apoptotic cell population was observed after combination treatment of K562 cells. The population of apoptotic cells increased by 9.3 and 0.4% in HepG2 and TFK-1 cells, respectively. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis shows significant cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phase for K562 cells and non-significant accumulation in G0/G1 phase for TFK-1 and HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Although there is a need for further investigation, our results suggest that the inhibitors used in this study cause a decrease in cellular proliferation, induce apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Münevver Yenigül
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Bioengineering Department, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İsmail Akçok
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Bioengineering Department, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emel Başak Gencer Akçok
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Abdullah Gul University, 38080, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Bai YP, Yang CJ, Deng N, Zhang M, Zhang ZJ, Li L, Zhou Y, Luo XF, Xu CR, Zhang BQ, Ma Y, Liu YQ. Design and Synthesis of Novel 7-Ethyl-10-Fluoro-20-O-(Cinnamic Acid Ester)-Camptothecin Derivatives as Potential High Selectivity and Low Toxicity Topoisomerase I inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Westermann M, Adomako-Bonsu AG, Thiele S, Çiçek SS, Martin HJ, Maser E. Inhibition of human carbonyl reducing enzymes by plant anthrone and anthraquinone derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Wang C, Guo J, Wu Z. Combinative treatment of Curdione and docetaxel triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated intrinsic apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10037-10048. [PMID: 34666596 PMCID: PMC8810116 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1994737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine Curcuma zedoary has been used for treating various diseases and cancers. However, the therapeutic effect of Curdione, one of its major components in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still obscure. This study is aimed to explore whether combination of Curdione and docetaxel (DTX) could strengthen the DTX-induced pro-apoptotic effects in TNBC cells and identify its involved signaling pathways. In this study, combination of Curdione and DTX intensified the inhibited MDA-MB-468 cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis caused by DTX treatment alone. Moreover, the combinative treatment of Curdione and DTX synergistically potentiated DTX-induced cell apoptosis by triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Co-treatment with NAC (ROS inhibitor) could mostly block the effects induced by combination of Curdione and DTX. SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) or SC-79 (Akt activator) could partly reverse the effects induced by co-treatment, indicating that mitogen-actived protein kinases (MAPKs) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) /Akt signaling pathway were involved in the co-treatment induced ROS-mediated cell apoptosis. To sum up, combination of Curdione and DTX enhanced the chemotherapeutic efficacy on MDA-MB-468 cells by triggering ROS-mediated cell apoptosis via MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Curdione combined with DTX might have potentials application as the therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Division of General Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng'An Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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A Comparative Survey of Anti-Melanoma and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Usnic Acid Enantiomers-A Comprehensive In Vitro Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090945. [PMID: 34577645 PMCID: PMC8470841 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) is a chiral lichen metabolite with an interesting pharmacological profile. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-melanoma effect of (+)-UA and (−)-UA in an in vitro model by studying their impact on the cells as well as the processes associated with cancer progression. The effect of UA enantiomers on the viability, proliferation, and invasive potential of three melanoma cell lines (HTB140, A375, WM793) was evaluated. Their interaction with a chemotherapeutic drug—doxorubicin was assessed by isobolographic analysis. Anti-inflammatory and anti-tyrosinase properties of (+)-UA and (−)-UA were also examined. Both UA enantiomers dose- and time-dependently decreased the viability of all three melanoma cell lines. Their synergistic effect with doxorubicin was observed on A375 cells. (+)-Usnic acid at a sub-cytotoxic dose strongly inhibited melanoma cells migration. Both UA enantiomers decreased the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. The cytotoxic effect of (+)-UA and (−)-UA depends greatly on the melanoma cell type; however, the overall anti-melanoma potential is perspective. Our results indicate that the strategy of combining usnic acid enantiomers with cytostatic drugs may be an interesting option to consider in combating melanoma; however, further studies are required.
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12
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Cinnamic Acid Derivatives as Cardioprotective Agents against Oxidative and Structural Damage Induced by Doxorubicin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126217. [PMID: 34207549 PMCID: PMC8227863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anticancer drug. However, its clinical use is severely limited due to drug-induced cumulative cardiotoxicity, which leads to progressive cardiomyocyte dysfunction and heart failure. Enormous efforts have been made to identify potential strategies to alleviate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity; however, to date, no universal and highly effective therapy has been introduced. Here we reported that cinnamic acid (CA) derivatives exert a multitarget protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The experiments were performed on rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2) and human induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) as a well-established model for cardiac toxicity assessment. CA derivatives protected cardiomyocytes by ameliorating DOX-induced oxidative stress and viability reduction. Our data indicated that they attenuated the chemotherapeutic’s toxicity by downregulating levels of caspase-3 and -7. Pre-incubation of cardiomyocytes with CA derivatives prevented DOX-induced motility inhibition in a wound-healing assay and limited cytoskeleton rearrangement. Detailed safety analyses—including hepatotoxicity, mutagenic potential, and interaction with the hERG channel—were performed for the most promising compounds. We concluded that CA derivatives show a multidirectional protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The results should encourage further research to elucidate the exact molecular mechanism of the compounds’ activity. The lead structure of the analyzed CA derivatives may serve as a starting point for the development of novel therapeutics to support patients undergoing DOX therapy.
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