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Feng JH, Chen K, Shen SY, Luo YF, Liu XH, Chen X, Gao W, Tong YR. The composition, pharmacological effects, related mechanisms and drug delivery of alkaloids from Corydalis yanhusuo. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115511. [PMID: 37729733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang, also known as yanhusuo, yuanhu, yanhu and xuanhu, is one of the herb components of many Chinese Traditional Medicine prescriptions such as Jin Ling Zi San and Yuanhu-Zhitong priscription. C. yanhusuo was traditionally used to relieve pain and motivate blood and Qi circulation. Now there has been growing interest in pharmacological effects of alkaloids, the main bioactive components of C. yanhusuo. Eighty-four alkaloids isolated from C. yanhusuo are its important bioactive components and can be characterized into protoberberine alkaloids, aporphine alkaloids, opiate alkaloids and others and proper extraction or co-administration methods modulate their contents and efficacy. Alkaloids from C. yanhusuo have various pharmacological effects on the nervous system, cardiovascular system, cancer and others through multiple molecular mechanisms such as modulating neurotransmitters, ion channels, gut microbiota, HPA axis and signaling pathways and are potential treatments for many diseases. Plenty of novel drug delivery methods such as autologous red blood cells, self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems, nanoparticles and others have also been investigated to better exert the effects of alkaloids from C. yanhusuo. This review summarized the alkaloid components of C. yanhusuo, their pharmacological effects and mechanisms, and methods of drug delivery to lay a foundation for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hua Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kang Chen
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Si-Yu Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yun-Feng Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xi-Hong Liu
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yu-Ru Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Takhti S, Pordel M, Bozorgmehr MR, Davoodnia A. New hybrids based on benzimidazole and diazepine moieties: design, synthesis, characterization, molecular docking studies and their in vitro interactions with benzodiazepine receptors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8729-8737. [PMID: 36271637 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2136246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines are one of the most widely prescribed pharmacologic agents in the world. They are employed for numerous indications, including anxiety, insomnia, muscle relaxation, relief from spasticity caused by central nervous system pathology and epilepsy. In this work, we have synthesized some new hybrids based on benzimidazole and diazepine scaffolds from the reaction of suitable benzimidazole derivatives with glycine. NMR spectra, IR and mass as well as elemental analyses approved the structure of the title compounds. In vitro interactions of the title compounds were also examined on recombinant benzodiazepine receptors (αxβ2/3γ2, x = 1-3, 5) expressed in HEK293 cells. The results indicated that the title compounds exhibited suitable affinity for α1β2 γ2 subtype (Ki = 16-29 nM). To achieve deeper insight into their interactions with benzodiazepine receptors, molecular dynamics simulation was employed. According to the results obtained from the molecular dynamics simulation, Pro85, Leu103, Pro101, Gln102, Ile79, Ser80, Pro17, Leu82 and Val84 interact with the most potent ligand by hydrophobic interactions and Asp86 and Leu87 interact with the ligand by hydrogen bond interactions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Takhti
- Department of Chemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pordel
- Department of Chemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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Song H, Lu X, Du D, Peng Y, Pan W, Xu X, Fan Y, Yang X, Ge F, Guan X. Gegen-Qinlian decoction-A traditional Chinese medicine formula-Alleviates methamphetamine withdrawal induced anxiety by targeting GABAergic interneuron-pyramidal neuron pathway in mPFC. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13314. [PMID: 37644891 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth) withdrawal elicits anxiety, which is a public health concern with limited therapeutic options. Previous studies implied a strong correlation between mPFC and Meth withdrawal. Here, we examined the role of Gegen-Qinlian decoction (GQD) in Meth withdrawal anxiety and explored potential therapeutic targets in mPFC. We found that intra-gastric administration of GQD during the withdrawal period efficiently alleviated anxiety-like behaviours in Meth-withdrawn mice. Further, GQD could restore Meth withdrawal-triggered pathway of GABAergic interneurons (GABA IN)-pyramidal neurons (PN) in the mPFC of Meth-withdrawn mice, especially the prelimbic cortex (PrL) sub-region and PV-positive GABA IN. While, GQD had no obvious effects on the glial cells in the mPFC of Meth-withdrawn mice. By transcriptomic analysis and validation of several gene candidates, we found that genes in the MAPK signalling pathway, especially those related to heat shock proteins, including Hspa1a, Hspa1b and Hspb1, might be GQD-targeting genes in mPFC to treat Meth withdrawal anxiety, as indicated that these genes were up-regulated by Meth withdrawal but rescued by GQD in mPFC. Collectively, our findings identified for the first time that GQD could efficiently alleviate Meth withdrawal anxiety, partially through regulating the local GABA IN-PN pathway and transcriptomic profile of mPFC. The present study confirms that TCM, such as GQD, will be a desirable therapeutic approach in the treatment of drug addiction and related emotional deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiu Song
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Demin Du
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Peng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weichao Pan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Vassiliev PM, Maltsev DV, Spasov AA, Perfilev MA, Skripka MO, Kochetkov AN. Consensus Ensemble Multitarget Neural Network Model of Anxiolytic Activity of Chemical Compounds and Its Use for Multitarget Pharmacophore Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:731. [PMID: 37242513 PMCID: PMC10223244 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A classification consensus ensemble multitarget neural network model of the dependence of the anxiolytic activity of chemical compounds on the energy of their docking in 17 biotargets was developed. The training set included compounds thathadalready been tested for anxiolytic activity and were structurally similar to the 15 studied nitrogen-containing heterocyclic chemotypes. Seventeen biotargets relevant to anxiolytic activity were selected, taking into account the possible effect on them of the derivatives of these chemotypes. The generated model consistedof three ensembles of artificial neural networks for predicting three levels of anxiolytic activity, with sevenneural networks in each ensemble. A sensitive analysis of neurons in an ensemble of neural networks for a high level of activity made it possible to identify four biotargets ADRA1B, ADRA2A, AGTR1, and NMDA-Glut, which were the most significant for the manifestation of the anxiolytic effect. For these four key biotargets for 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-11H-[1,3]diazepino[1,2-a]benzimidazole and [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a][2,3]benzodiazepine derivatives, eight monotarget pharmacophores of high anxiolytic activity were built. Superposition of monotarget pharmacophores built two multitarget pharmacophores of high anxiolytic activity, reflecting the universal features of interaction 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-11H-[1,3]diazepino[1,2-a]benzimidazole and [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a][2,3]benzodiazepine derivatives with the most significant biotargets ADRA1B, ADRA2A, AGTR1, and NMDA-Glut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel M. Vassiliev
- Laboratory for Information Technology in Pharmacology and Computer Modeling of Drugs, Research Center for Innovative Medicines, Volgograd State Medical University, 39 Novorossiyskaya Street, Volgograd 400087, Russia
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, 20 KIM Street, Volgograd 400001, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V. Maltsev
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, 20 KIM Street, Volgograd 400001, Russia
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Volgograd Medical Research Center, 1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Spasov
- Laboratory for Information Technology in Pharmacology and Computer Modeling of Drugs, Research Center for Innovative Medicines, Volgograd State Medical University, 39 Novorossiyskaya Street, Volgograd 400087, Russia
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, 20 KIM Street, Volgograd 400001, Russia
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Volgograd Medical Research Center, 1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Maxim A. Perfilev
- Laboratory for Information Technology in Pharmacology and Computer Modeling of Drugs, Research Center for Innovative Medicines, Volgograd State Medical University, 39 Novorossiyskaya Street, Volgograd 400087, Russia
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, 20 KIM Street, Volgograd 400001, Russia
| | - Maria O. Skripka
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, 20 KIM Street, Volgograd 400001, Russia
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Volgograd Medical Research Center, 1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Andrey N. Kochetkov
- Laboratory for Information Technology in Pharmacology and Computer Modeling of Drugs, Research Center for Innovative Medicines, Volgograd State Medical University, 39 Novorossiyskaya Street, Volgograd 400087, Russia
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Cerne R, Lippa A, Poe MM, Smith JL, Jin X, Ping X, Golani LK, Cook JM, Witkin JM. GABAkines - Advances in the discovery, development, and commercialization of positive allosteric modulators of GABA A receptors. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 234:108035. [PMID: 34793859 PMCID: PMC9787737 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Positive allosteric modulators of γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors or GABAkines have been widely used medicines for over 70 years for anxiety, epilepsy, sleep, and other disorders. Traditional GABAkines like diazepam have safety and tolerability concerns that include sedation, motor-impairment, respiratory depression, tolerance and dependence. Multiple GABAkines have entered clinical development but the issue of side-effects has not been fully solved. The compounds that are presently being developed and commercialized include several neuroactive steroids (an allopregnanolone formulation (brexanolone), an allopregnanolone prodrug (LYT-300), Sage-324, zuranolone, and ganaxolone), the α2/3-preferring GABAkine, KRM-II-81, and the α2/3/5-preferring GABAkine PF-06372865 (darigabat). The neuroactive steroids are in clinical development for post-partum depression, intractable epilepsy, tremor, status epilepticus, and genetic epilepsy disorders. Darigabat is in development for epilepsy and anxiety. The imidazodiazepine, KRM-II-81 is efficacious in animal models for the treatment of epilepsy and post-traumatic epilepsy, acute and chronic pain, as well as anxiety and depression. The efficacy of KRM-II-81 in models of pharmacoresistant epilepsy, preventing the development of seizure sensitization, and in brain tissue of intractable epileptic patients bodes well for improved therapeutics. Medicinal chemistry efforts are also ongoing to identify novel and improved GABAkines. The data document gaps in our understanding of the molecular pharmacology of GABAkines that drive differential pharmacological profiles, but emphasize advancements in the ability to successfully utilize GABAA receptor potentiation for therapeutic gain in neurology and psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rok Cerne
- Laboratory of Antiepileptic Drug Discovery, Ascension St. Vincent, Indianapolis, IN USA,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,RespireRx Pharmaceuticals Inc, Glen Rock, NJ, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arnold Lippa
- RespireRx Pharmaceuticals Inc, Glen Rock, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jodi L. Smith
- Laboratory of Antiepileptic Drug Discovery, Ascension St. Vincent, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xingjie Ping
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lalit K. Golani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - James M. Cook
- RespireRx Pharmaceuticals Inc, Glen Rock, NJ, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Witkin
- Laboratory of Antiepileptic Drug Discovery, Ascension St. Vincent, Indianapolis, IN USA,RespireRx Pharmaceuticals Inc, Glen Rock, NJ, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Synthesis of 2-chloropurine ribosides with chiral amino acid amides at C6 and their evaluation as A1 adenosine receptor agonists. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zheng X, Wang C, Zhai N, Luo X, Liu G, Ju X. In Silico Screening of Novel α1-GABA A Receptor PAMs towards Schizophrenia Based on Combined Modeling Studies of Imidazo [1,2-a]-Pyridines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9645. [PMID: 34502550 PMCID: PMC8431797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ionotropic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) has been proven to be an important target of atypical antipsychotics. A novel series of imidazo [1,2-a]-pyridine derivatives, as selective positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of α1-containing GABAARs with potent antipsychotic activities, have been reported recently. To better clarify the pharmacological essentiality of these PAMs and explore novel antipsychotics hits, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR), molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling, and molecular dynamics (MD) were performed on 33 imidazo [1,2-a]-pyridines. The constructed 3D-QSAR models exhibited good predictive abilities. The dockings results and MD simulations demonstrated that hydrogen bonds, π-π stackings, and hydrophobic interactions play essential roles in the binding of these novel PAMs in the GABAAR binding pocket. Four hit compounds (DS01-04) were then screened out by the combination of the constructed models and computations, including the pharmacophore model, Topomer Search, molecular dockings, ADME/T predictions, and MD simulations. The compounds DS03 and DS04, with higher docking scores and better predicted activities, were also found to be relatively stable in the binding pocket by MD simulations. These results might provide a significant theoretical direction or information for the rational design and development of novel α1-GABAAR PAMs with antipsychotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (N.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (N.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Na Zhai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (N.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (N.Z.); (X.L.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Genyan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (N.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiulian Ju
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (N.Z.); (X.L.)
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Skripka MO, Spasov AA, Maltsev DV, Miroshnikov MV, Yakovlev DS, Sultanova KT, Kochergin MA, Divaeva LN. Screening of anxiolytic properties and analysis of structure-activity relationship of new derivatives of 6-(4-methoxy)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a][2,3]benzodiazepine under the code RD. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.7.67499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Searching for new compounds with anti-anxiety activity resulting from the combination of privileged scaffolds is a promising direction in medicinal chemistry and in the development of new drugs. Anxiolytic potential and cytotoxic properties of previously synthesized molecules, containing fragments of 2,3-benzodiazepine and 1,2,4-triazole – 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-A][2,3]benzodiazepines under the generic code RD were studied.
Materials and methods: Screening for anxiolytic activity was performed on elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF) test models. Structural and functional analysis of the anti-anxiety activity of the studied substances was carried out. A degree of muscle relaxant effect of the substances was assessed in the tests Grid, Wire, and Rotarod. A cytotoxicity study of RD compounds was carried out using an MTT assay on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2.
Results and discussion: For a number of novel triazolo[3,4-a][2,3]benzodiazepine derivatives, a prominent anxiolytic activity was manifested in terms of EPM test. The results of OF test were consistent with the obtained data and confirmed the presence of the sought activity in the leading compounds. There was no significant effect on muscle tone for the compounds under study. It was observed that RD compounds possessed no cytotoxic properties and were safe for further studies in vivo.
Conclusion: Among the new derivatives of 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a][2,3]benzodiazepine under the code RD, substances (RD-4, 12, 13) with a high anxiolytic activity comparable to diazepam and tofisopam were found. The most promising compound is RD-4 due to its pronounced anxiolytic and low cytotoxic properties.
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