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Montagnini DL, Katchborian-Neto A, Tahan MPM, Oliveira ND, Magalhães LG, Januário AH, Pauletti PM, Cavallari PSSR, Cunha WR, Araujo OP, Soares MG, Ferreira MS, Andrade JV, Miranda GS, Santos MFC, Silva MLAE. The schistosomicidal activity of ethanolic extracts from branches, leaves, flowers and fruits of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos (Bignoniaceae) plant and metabolic profile characterization by UPLC-ESI-QTOF analysis. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275824. [PMID: 37970906 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, is a severe and widely distributed parasitic disease, affecting about 200 million people worldwide. The disease is recognized by elevated mortality rates, especially among those living in areas of poor sanitation. Currently, the chemotherapeutic treatment is solely based on using the praziquantel drug. Therefore, there is a need for the discovery of new medicines for the treatment of this parasitosis. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the schistosomicidal activity of ethanolic crude extracts from the branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart ex DC.) Masttos and characterize its metabolic profile by UPLC-ESI-QTOF analysis. Evaluation of plant extract on S. mansoni was carried out in adult worms in vitro, in which the mortality rate was quantified, and the damages in the tegument of the worms were monitored. All extracts induced changes in the viability of adult males of S. mansoni, causing the death of the parasites, which was directly dependent of the concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Katchborian-Neto
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
| | - M P M Tahan
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
| | - N D Oliveira
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
| | - L G Magalhães
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
| | - A H Januário
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
| | - P M Pauletti
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
| | | | - W R Cunha
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
| | - O P Araujo
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Coordenadoria de Ciências Biológicas, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - M G Soares
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
| | - M S Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
| | - J V Andrade
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Ufes, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Química e Física, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - G S Miranda
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Ufes, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - M F C Santos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Ufes, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Química e Física, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - M L A E Silva
- Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, SP, Brasil
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Rani R, Sethi K, Gupta S, Virmani N, Kumar S, Kumar R. Intracellular ROS production and apoptotic effect of quinoline and isoquinoline alkaloids on the growth of Trypanosoma evansi. Acta Trop 2023; 245:106980. [PMID: 37419379 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma evansi, a hemoflagellate poses huge economic threat to the livestock industry of several countries of Asia, Africa, South America and Europe continents of the world. Limited number of available chemical drugs, incidents of growing drug resistance, and related side effects encouraged the use of herbal substitutes. In the present investigation, the impact of six alkaloids of quinoline and isoquinoline group was evaluated on the growth and multiplication of Trypanosoma evansi and their cytotoxic effect was examined on horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells in an in vitro system. Quinine, quinindine, cinchonine, cinchonidine, berbamine and emetine showed potent trypanocidal activities with IC50/24 h values 6.631 ± 0.244, 8.718 ± 0.081, 16.96 ± 0.816, 33.38 ± 0.653, 2.85 ± 0.065, and 3.12 ± 0.367 µM, respectively, which was comparable to the standard anti-trypanosomal drug, quinapyramine sulfate (20 µM). However, in the cytotoxicity assay, all the drugs showed dose dependent cytotoxic effect and quinine, berbamine and emetine showed selectivity index more than 5, based of ration of CC50 to IC50. Among the selected alkaloids, quinidine, berbamine and emetine exhibited higher apoptotic effects in T. evansi. Likewise, drug treated parasites showed a dose-dependent and time-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Therefore, increased apoptosis in combination with ROS generation could be responsible for the observed trypanocidal effect which could be further evaluated in T. evansi-infected mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Rani
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Khushboo Sethi
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Snehil Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Nitin Virmani
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Rajender Kumar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India.
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Rani R, Sethi K, Kumar S, Varma RS, Kumar R. Natural naphthoquinones and their derivatives as potential drug molecules against trypanosome parasites. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:786-817. [PMID: 35852920 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, a number of 1,4-naphthoquinones have been isolated from natural resources and several of naphthoquinone derivatives with diverse structural motif have been synthesized; they possess a multitude of biochemical properties and modulate numerous pharmacological roles that offer new targets for addressing the challenges pertaining to novel drug developments. Among natural naphthoquinones, lapachol, α-lapachone, β-lapachone, lawsone, juglone, and plumbagin have been evaluated for its potential as antitrypanosomal activities. The chemotherapeutic drugs available for combating human trypanosomiasis, that is, American trypanosomiasis and African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, respectively, and animal tripanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma evansi have a problem of drug resistance and several toxic effect. Therefore, search of alternative effective drug molecules, without toxic effects, have enthused the researchers for searching new drug entity with potential clinical efficacy. In the search for new antitrypanosomal compound, this review focuses on different natural quinones and their synthetic derivatives associated with antitrypanosomal studies. In this context, this review will be useful for the development of new antitrypanosomal drugs mainly based on different structural modification of natural and synthetic naphthoquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Rani
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | | | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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