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Zhang Y, Zheng J, Wu Q, Jiang T, Xiao H, Du Y, Qi Y, Jin Z, Li F. Three-dimensional spatial analysis of temporomandibular joint in adolescent Class II division 1 malocclusion patients: comparison of Twin-Block and clear functional aligner. Head Face Med 2024; 20:4. [PMID: 38184631 PMCID: PMC10770962 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-023-00404-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study aimed to use three-dimensional (3D) spatial morphological measurement methods to compare the influence of Twin-Block and clear functional aligners on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of adolescent Class II division 1 malocclusion mandibular retraction patients. We also aimed to explore the similarities and differences in the effects on the TMJ upon using Twin-Block and clear functional aligner. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of 49 patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion (Twin-Block group: 24; clear functional aligner group: 25) were collected before and after functional orthodontic treatment, and a 3D model of the TMJ was reconstructed using MIMICS 21.0 software. Eighteen measurement parameters, including the anterior, superior, and posterior joint spaces, were measured and compared using the 3D model. RESULTS After the two groups underwent functional appliance treatment, the height, volume, and surface area of the condyle, length of the mandibular ramus and mandibular length increased; The retro-displaced condyle moved to the middle position of the articular fossa, while the rest of the condylar position did not change significantly. Remodeling of the articular fossa after treatment was not evident. The superior joint space of the clear functional aligner group increased, but there was no significant change after Twin-Block appliances treatment. CONCLUSIONS Both appliances promote condylar growth and sagittal and vertical development of the mandible in adolescent Class II division 1 malocclusion mandibular retraction patients. The length of the mandibular ramus showed a more significant increase following treatment with the Twin-Block appliances than with clear function aligners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhe Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Marghalani HYA. Volumetric comparison of mandibular condyles and mandibles in the different skeletal classes in the Saudi population. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16750. [PMID: 38188155 PMCID: PMC10771761 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Assessing the relationship between the condyle and mandible volume and the various skeletal classes is essential in orthodontic diagnosis. The current study evaluated this relationship using volumetric cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), cephalometric methods, and the correlations between them. Materials and Methods The study examined 37 full-head CBCTs (74 condyles) from adults in the Saudi population. The condyle and mandible were separated from within the CBCT images. The volume of each segment was compared to measurements from multiple cephalometric analyses. Results The combined total condylar volume has a moderate correlation with the maxillomandibular differential in each of the genders and in the total sample. Mandibular volume has a significant correlation with the Wits appraisal (sagittal classification) in males. It was also significantly correlated with the vertical classification using gonial angles in females and in the total sample. Conclusion The relationship between mandible and condyle volume and cephalometric measurements is both dimensional and within the maxillomandibular complex rather than positional or related to the cranial base. Also, the correlation between the condylar and mandibular volumes and the sagittal and vertical dimensions in the orthodontic skeletal classes provides better insight into the mandibular complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Y. A. Marghalani
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Elrawdy AM, Amer ME, Algariah AK, Eid MH, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Ghoneim MM. Appraisal of the Accuracy and Reliability of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Three-Dimensional Printing for Volumetric Mandibular Condyle Measurements of a Human Condyle. Cureus 2023; 15:e46746. [PMID: 38022326 PMCID: PMC10631571 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of volumetric measurements of three-dimensional (3D)-printed human condyles from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in comparison to physical condyles using a water displacement test. Methodology A sample of 22 dry condyles was separated from the mandibular body by disc, mounted on a base made of casting wax, and scanned using the SCANORA (Scanora 3DX, Soredex, Finland) CBCT scanner. Subsequently, the projection data were reconstructed with the machine-dedicated OnDemand 3D (Cybermed Co., Seoul, Korea). The Standard Tessellation Language file was prepared for 3D printing using chitubox slicing software v1.9.1. Frozen water-washable gray resin was used for 3D printing. All condyles were printed using the same parameters and the same resin. The volumetric measurements were then performed using a customized modified pycnometer based on water volume and weight displacement. Volumetric measures were performed for both the physical human condyles and the 3D-printed replicas and the measurements were then compared. Results The volume of dry condyles using the water displacement method showed an average (±SD) of 1.925 ± 0.40 cm3. However, the volume of 3D-printed replicas using the water displacement method showed an average (±SD) of 2.109 ± 0.40 cm3. The differences in measurements were insignificant (p > 0.05), as revealed by an independent t-test. Conclusions Highly precise, accurate, and reliable CBCT for volumetric mandibular condyle was applied for measurements of a human condyle and 3D-printed replica. The modified pycnometer for volumetric measurements presented an excellent volumetric measure based on a simple water displacement device. The tested modified pycnometer can be applied in volumetric measurements in both 3D-printed and mandibular condyle. For best accuracy, the highest scanning resolution possible should be used. As it directly handles irregularly shaped solid objects in a non-destructive manner with a high level of precision and reliability, this 3D scanning approach may be seen as a superior alternative to the current measurement methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elrawdy
- Department of Oral Radiology, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ismailia, EGY
| | - Mohamed E Amer
- Department of Orthodontics, Zagazig University, Faculty of Dentistry, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ahmed K Algariah
- Department of Orthodontics, Sinai University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ismailia, EGY
| | - Mohamed H Eid
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ismailia, EGY
| | - Abdelghafar M Abu-Elsaoud
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
- Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EGY
| | - Mohamed M Ghoneim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sinai University, Faculty of Dentistry, El-Arish, EGY
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Wang Z, Shi Y, Wang Y, Chen W, Jiang H, Cheng J. Three-dimensional quantitative changes of condyle in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with 5-year follow-up. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-05032-z. [PMID: 37145152 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to characterize three-dimensional (3D) long-term quantitative condyle change including positional, surface, and volumetric alterations in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion treated with bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-three eligible patients (9 males, 14 females, mean age: 28.28 years old) treated from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2016 with postoperative follow-up over 5 years were retrospectively enrolled. Cone-beam computed tomography scan for each patient was conducted at 4 stages: 1 week preoperatively (T0), immediately after surgery (T1), 12 months postoperatively (T2), and 5-year postoperatively (T3). Positional changes, surface, and volumetric remodeling of condyle were measured in segmented visual 3D models and statistically compared between stages. RESULTS Our 3D quantitative calibrations revealed that the condylar center shifted in anterior (0.23 ± 1.50 mm), medial (0.34 ± 0.99), and superior (1.11 ± 1.10 mm) directions and rotated outward (1.58 ± 3.11°), superior (1.83 ± 5.08°), and backward (4.79 ± 13.75°) from T1 to T3. With regard to condylar surface remodeling, bone formation was frequently observed in the anteromedial areas, while bone resorption was commonly detected in the anterolateral area. Moreover, condylar volume remained largely stable with a minimal reduction during the follow-up. CONCLUSION Collectively, although condyle undergoes positional changes and bone remodeling after bimaxillary surgery in patients with mandibular prognathism, these changes largely fall in the range of physical adaptations in the long run. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings advance the current understanding of long-term condylar remodeling after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in skeletal class III patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, He Fei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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Travessas JAC, dos Santos AM, Buligon RP, Arús NA, da Silveira PFT, da Silveira HLD, Vizzotto MB. Validation and comparison of volume measurements using 1 multidetector computed tomography and 5 cone-beam computed tomography protocols: An in vitro study. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:399-408. [PMID: 36605864 PMCID: PMC9807801 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare volume measurements obtained using 2 image software packages on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images acquired from 1 multidetector computed tomography and 5 cone-beam computed tomography devices, using different protocols for physical volume measurements. Materials and Methods Four pieces of bovine leg were prepared. Marrow was removed from 3 pieces, leaving cortical bone exposed. The resulting space of 1 piece was filled with water, another was filled with propylene glycol, and the third was left unfilled. The marrow in the fourth sample was left fully intact. Volume measurements were obtained after importing DICOM images into the Dolphin Imaging 11.95 and ITK-SNAP software programs. Data were analyzed using 3-way analysis of variance with a generalized linear model to determine the effects of voxel size, software, and content on percentage mean volume differences between tomographic protocols. A significance level of 0.05 was used. Results The intraclass correlation coefficients for intraobserver and interobserver reliability were, respectively, 0.915 and 0.764 for the Dolphin software and 0.894 and 0.766 for the ITK-SNAP software. Three sources of statistically significant variation were identified: the interaction between software and content (P=0.001), the main effect of content (P=0.014), and the main effect of software (P=0.001). Voxel size was not associated with statistically significant differences in volume measurements. Conclusion Both content and software influenced the accuracy of volume measurements, especially when the content had gray values similar to those of the adjacent tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Andréa Corrêa Travessas
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mendonça dos Santos
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pagliarini Buligon
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nádia Assein Arús
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Heraldo Luis Dias da Silveira
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Boessio Vizzotto
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Analysis of the Volumetric Asymmetry of the Mandibular Condyles Using CBCT. Int Dent J 2022; 72:797-804. [PMID: 35931561 PMCID: PMC9676531 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to analyse volumetric asymmetries between the right and left condyles in relation to age, gender, and dental status. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis of 150 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans was conducted. A single investigator performed the volumetric analysis of the CBCT scans using Vesalius 3D software. The volumetric data were analysed in relation to the gender, age, and dental status. Results The mean right condylar volume was significantly higher (P < .01) than the left condylar volume. Right and left condylar volumes were significantly higher (P < .01) in male study participants when compared to female study participants. There was no significant difference (P = .47) in the volumetric asymmetry between the male and female study participants. The volumetric asymmetry was significantly higher (P < .01) in the older age groups when compared to the younger age groups. The volumetric asymmetry was significantly higher (P < .01) in the partially and completely edentulous patients when compared to the dentate study participants. The condylar volume on the side having a partially edentulous area was significantly lower than the condylar volume of the contralateral dentate side (P < .001). Conclusions The volumetric asymmetry between the right and left condyle significantly increases with age and edentulousness. The result of the study encourages the clinicians to perform volumetric evaluation of the condyles in cases of radiographically evident condylar asymmetries to obtain a more accurate diagnosis.
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Impact of rapid palatal expansion on the size of adenoids and tonsils in children. Sleep Med 2022; 92:96-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Nawawi AP, Rikmasari R, Kurnikasari E, Oscandar F, Lita YA. Volumetric analysis of normal condyles and those with disc displacement with reduction in the Indonesian population: A CBCT study. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:103-108. [PMID: 35387108 PMCID: PMC8967494 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20210244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Disc displacement can cause resorption of the head of the condyle and affect its volume. This study analysed the volume of normal condyles and those with disc displacement with reduction (DDR) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from the Indonesian population. Materials and Methods This study analysed 56 condyles (26 normal and 30 with DDR) from patients who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Unit after being referred from the Prosthodontics Unit at Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran from December 2020 to February 2021. Samples were divided into 2 groups (normal and DDR left and right-side condyles) based on the DC/TMD Axis 1 form through the clinical examination results. Both sample groups were exposed to CBCT radiation. The CBCT imaging results in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format were exported to the open-source ITK-SNAP format to determine condyle volume. Volumetric data from the cortical and trabecular areas of the right or left side condyles were arranged by sex. The independent t-test was used to determine the significance of differences with IBM SPSS version 21.0. Intra- and inter-observer reliability and validity were tested before determining the volume of the condyles. Results Normal condyles and DDR condyles showed significant differences in volume (P<0.05). Significant differences were also seen in cortical (P=0.0007) and trabecular (P=0.0045) volumes. There was a significant difference in condylar volume based on sex. Conclusion The normal condyle volume was significantly different from the DDR condyle volume in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azkya Patria Nawawi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Jendral Ahmad Yani, Indonesia
| | - Rasmi Rikmasari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Erna Kurnikasari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Fahmi Oscandar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Yurika Ambar Lita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
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Characteristics and Prevalence of Anterior Buccal Mandibular Depression Area in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/bjdm-2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the anterior buccal mandibular depressions (ABMD) prevalence and clinical characteristics at cone beam computed tomography images (CBCT).
Material and Methods: 198 CBCT images with minimal depression between the mandibular molars were evaluated retrospectively. Presence and location of ABMD, its maximum depth, maximum width, cortical width, if any, alveolar crest width at maximum depth, the distance between maximum depth and alveolar crest apex and existing teeth in the relevant region were examined in cross-sectional views. Panoramic radiography of ABMD patients was evaluated for trabecular pattern and radiopacity to determine the area of interest. The possible lingual depression area on the maximum depth of ABMD slice was investigated and the same measurements for ABMD was performed. The presence of aperture / foramen in the ABMD area was also investigated.
Results: The prevalence of ABMD was found as 43.43% where 82 cases were at bilateral side and 4 cases were only at left side. Lingual depression was observed in 20.7% right side and 30.2% left side of the ABMD cases. There was no statistically significant difference for maximum depth between different age groups. Most frequent location was observed in lateral and canine region (27.4%) followed by lateral-first premolar area (25.6%). Least frequent location was at canine-second premolar area (1.2%).
Conclusions: ABMD is a lesser known area with a high prevalence observed on CBCT images. The detectability of the area on panoramic radiographs is limited. Clinicians should take into consideration ABMDs’ characteristics to avoid confusion with periapical pathologies. Failure to detect these areas before implant surgeries may cause complications. For this reason, it is important to be examined in detail for ABMD before surgery.
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Volumetric and Morphological Analysis of Mandibular Condyles of Angle Class 2 and 3 Malocclusion Patients. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 33:e30-e34. [PMID: 34292254 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to provide diametric and volumetric data of mandibular condyles from patients with Angle class 2 and 3 malocclusions by semiautomatic segmentation based upon cone-beam computed tomography.Cone-beam computed tomography images of 79 patients were analyzed. By using the open-source software "ITK-SNAP", diametric and volumetric measurements of 158 mandibular condyles were performed. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all normally distributed variables. Correlations between patients with Angle class 2 and 3 were calculated with the independent Student t test. P values P < 0.05 were considered significant.Irrespective of the side, patients with class 2 malocclusion showed smaller mandibular condyles (right: 1.128 ± 0.504 cm3; left: 1.222 ± 0.596 cm3) than patients with class 3 (right: 1.504 ± 0.361 cm3; left: 1.493 ± 0.335 cm3). These results were reproducible also in accordance with the diametric measurement (class 2 right: 16.75 ± 2.72 mm; left: 17.04 ± 3.01 mm) (class 3 right: 18.24 ± 2.54 mm; left: 18.32 ± 2.13 mm). However, volumetric differences were highly statistically significant (right: P = 0.001; left: P = 0.018) while diametric differences were slightly significant for the right and not significant for the left side (right: P = 0.042; left: P = 0.053).Diametric and volumetric analyses offer important additional information based on 3D images of cone-beam computed tomography technology. Significant differences in diameter and volume of mandibular condyles could be assessed between different classes of malocclusion.
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Kumar V, Rattan V, Rai S, Singh SP, Mahajan JK. Comparative Assessment of Autogenous Cancellous Bone Graft and Bovine-Derived Demineralized Bone Matrix for Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:833-840. [PMID: 34137277 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211025197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comparison between bovine-derived demineralized bone matrix (DMBM) and iliac crest graft over long term for secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in terms of radiological and clinical outcomes. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, parallel groups, double-blind, controlled trial. SETTING Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Science Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh. PARTICIPANTS Twenty patients with UCLP. INTERVENTIONS Patients were allocated into group I (Iliac crest bone graft) and group II (DMBM) for SABG. Outcomes were assessed at 2 weeks, 6 months, and then after mean follow-up period of 63 months. OUTCOMES MEASURES Volumetric analysis of the grafted bone in the alveolar cleft site was done through cone beam computed tomography using Cavalieri principle and modified assessment tool. Clinical assessment was performed in terms of pain, swelling, duration of hospital stay, cost of surgery, alar base symmetry, and donor site morbidity associated with iliac crest harvesting. RESULTS Volumetric analysis through Cavalieri principle revealed comparable bone uptake at follow-up of 6 months between group I (70%) and group II (69%). Modified assessment tool showed no significant difference between horizontal and vertical bone scores over short- and long-term follow-up. In group II, there was higher cost of surgery, but no donor site morbidity unlike group I. CONCLUSIONS Demineralized bone matrix proved analogous to iliac crest bone graft as per volumetric analysis over shorter period. However, although statistically insignificant, net bone volume achieved was lower than the iliac crest graft at longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vidya Rattan
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sachin Rai
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Satinder Pal Singh
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jai Kumar Mahajan
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Lentzen MP, Riekert M, Buller J, Grandoch A, Zirk M, Zoeller JE, Kreppel M. A volumetric study of mandibular condyles in orthognathic patients by semiautomatic segmentation. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 26:205-212. [PMID: 34114116 PMCID: PMC9162966 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-00976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to elucidate volumetric data of mandibular condyles of orthognathic patients by analyzing cone beam computed tomography images based upon semiautomatic segmentation. Methods Cone beam computed tomography images of 87 patients with malocclusions were analyzed in this retrospective study. Patients were between 17 and 53 years old and diagnosed with Angle class I, II, or III malocclusion. By using the validated open-source software “ITK-SNAP,” the volumetric measurements of 174 mandibular condyles were performed. Volumetric analysis was performed according to intra-subject side differences by paired Student t test. In accordance to inter-subject side, gender, age and type of malocclusion differences bivariate analysis and ANOVA were applied. Results The mean volume for the right condyle was 1.378 ± 0.447 cm3, with a maximum of 2.379 cm3 and a minimum of 0.121 cm3. The mean volume for the left side was 1.435 ± 0.474 cm3, with a maximum of 3.264 cm3 and a minimum of 0.109 cm3. Bivariate analysis indicated a highly significant inter-subject difference between the volume of the left and right mandibular condyles (p < 0.01). Females had a significantly smaller condyle volume than males (p < 0.05 left condyle; p < 0.01 right condyle). Conclusion The fact that shape and volume of mandibular condyles show a high susceptibility to pathological alterations and particularly malocclusions makes a precise knowledge about volumetric changes indispensable. Our results show that significant inter-subject differences in condyle volume could be found with respect to the side and gender. Larger volumes could be assessed for the left condyle and for male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max-Philipp Lentzen
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Riekert
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Buller
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Grandoch
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Zirk
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joachim E Zoeller
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Kreppel
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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Podčernina J, Urtāne I, Pirttiniemi P, Šalms Ģ, Radziņš O, Aleksejūnienė J. Evaluation of Condylar Positional, Structural, and Volumetric Status in Class III Orthognathic Surgery Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56120672. [PMID: 33291272 PMCID: PMC7762172 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The need to evaluate the condylar remodeling after orthognathic surgery, using three-dimensional (3D) images and volume rendering techniques in skeletal Class III patients has been emphasized. The study examined condylar positional, structural, and volumetric changes after bimaxillary or single-jaw maxillary orthognathic surgeries in skeletal Class III patients using the cone-beam computed tomography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Presurgical, postsurgical, and one-year post-surgical full field of view (FOV) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 44 patients with skeletal Class III deformities were obtained. Group 1 underwent a bimaxillary surgery (28 patients: 24 females and 4 males), with mean age at the time of surgery being 23.8 ± 6.0 years, and Group 2 underwent maxillary single-jaw surgery (16 patients: 8 females and 8 males), with mean age at the time of surgery being 23.7 ± 5.1 years. After the orthognathic surgery, the CBCT images of 88 condyles were evaluated to assess their displacement and radiological signs of bone degeneration. Three-dimensional (3D) condylar models were constructed and superimposed pre- and postoperatively to compare changes in condylar volume. RESULTS Condylar position was found to be immediately altered after surgery in the maxillary single-jaw surgery group, but at the one-year follow-up, the condyles returned to their pre-surgical position. There was no significant difference in condylar position when comparing between pre-surgery and one-year follow-up in any of the study groups. Condylar rotations in the axial and coronal planes were significant in the bimaxillary surgery group. No radiological signs of condylar bone degeneration were detected one year after the surgery. Changes in condylar volume after surgery were found to be insignificant in both study groups. CONCLUSIONS At one year after orthognathic surgery, there were no significant changes in positional, structural, or volumetric statuses of condyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevgenija Podčernina
- Department of Orthodontics, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema str. 20, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia; (I.U.); (O.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: + 37-16-745-5586
| | - Ilga Urtāne
- Department of Orthodontics, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema str. 20, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia; (I.U.); (O.R.)
| | - Pertti Pirttiniemi
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Medical Research Center (MRC), Oulu University Hospital, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ģirts Šalms
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rīga Stardiņš University, Dzirciema str. 20, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia;
| | - Oskars Radziņš
- Department of Orthodontics, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema str. 20, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia; (I.U.); (O.R.)
| | - Jolanta Aleksejūnienė
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada;
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Bone Changes in the Condylar Process of the Mandible in Computed Tomography Images and Cephalogram in a Female Patient during a Growth Spurt Treated with a Removable Functional Appliance. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2020; 2020:8887182. [PMID: 33133474 PMCID: PMC7568775 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8887182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Functional treatment is the type of treatment preferred in young patients with lateral bite because it leads to simultaneous improvement of occlusion and facial profile. Objective The aim of this study is to assess bone changes within the condylar process of the mandible and to associate them with the changes observed in the analysis of lateral cephalograms and in the patient's occlusion. Materials and Methods Cone beam tomography of the temporomandibular joint, lateral radiogram of the skull, was performed at the beginning of treatment and after one year of therapy. Changes in cephalometric radiograms were evaluated by analyzing them and shown by making superimposition and staining layers. For the purpose of assessing bone changes within the condylar process, digital 3D solids of these processes were generated using data from computed tomography. Results Correction towards Angle's dental class I, overjet reduction from 8 mm to 3 mm, and improvement of the patient's profile were obtained. A rotation of the occlusal plane and improvement in an ANB by 1° and in the WITS measurement by 2.7 mm were observed. A growth of the condylar processes "backwards" and "upwards" was also observed, as well as a change of their shape and volume. Conclusions The obtained results suggest that the patient's significant improvement in occlusal conditions is due to posterior growth stimulation of the condylar processes of the mandible. The results confirm the validity of using this treatment technique in the case of growing children with complete posterior occlusion.
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Hameed Mohamed MA, Abdallah KF, Hussein FA. Three-Dimensional Assessment of Mandibular Condylar Volume and Position Subsequent to Twin Block Functional Therapy of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Accompanied by Low-Level Laser Therapy. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:dj8040115. [PMID: 33050123 PMCID: PMC7712278 DOI: 10.3390/dj8040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on mandibular condylar volume and position following treatment of a Class II malocclusion with a twin block (TB) appliance employing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Twenty-four growing patients, aged 9–12 years, were randomly allocated into control and laser groups. All patients were treated with a TB appliance. The patients in the laser group were treated weekly with a gallium–aluminum–arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser around the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region for three months. CBCT images were obtained before and after TB therapy and the changes in TMJ and skeletal variables were evaluated and compared among and between the groups. In the laser group, the condylar volume of the right and left sides significantly increased by 213.3 mm3 and 231.2 mm3, respectively (p < 0.05), whereas in the control group it significantly increased by 225.2 mm3, and 244.2 mm3, respectively (p < 0.05), with forward and lateral positioning of both sides. Furthermore, effective mandibular, ramus, and corpus lengths were increased, which were not significant between the groups. Low-Level Laser therapy accomplished no considerable effect on mandibular condylar volume and position following the functional orthopedic treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusions using a TB appliance.
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Serindere G, Aktuna Belgin C, Serindere M. Volumetric and morphological analysis of condyle and glenoid fossa on computed tomography. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 277:2581-2587. [PMID: 32451669 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle and glenoid fossa morphology with measurements on Computed Tomography (CT) and volumetric analysis using InVesalius software program. MATERIALS AND METHODS 250 condyles in 125 patients (mean age: 40.64) was evaluated on CT. Length, width, and height of the condyle, condylar volume, the thickness of glenoid fossa (TGF), condyle surface area, anterior space (AS), superior space (SS), and posterior space (PS) were measured in this study. Two left and right sides of the jaw have been measured. Linear measurements were performed with the image analysis program (Image J, 1.4 v version, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Volume and surface area measurements were performed with InVesalius software (CTI, Campinas, SãoPaulo, Brazil). RESULTS To compare the dimensions of the condyle between males and females, there was only a significant difference in left AS and SS and no significant difference was found between males and females in other measured factors. There was a significant difference between the age groups and left SS. A significant difference was also found between the age groups and condylar height, condyle surface area, and condylar volume on both right and left sides. CONCLUSION Evaluation of condylar morphology is important to assess the TMJ anomalies and bony changes. This study showed no significant differences between gender and all measured factors except in the left AS and SS. However, age factor had a major effect on the morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Serindere
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Ceren Aktuna Belgin
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Kim JJ, Lagravere MO, Kaipatur NR, Major PW, Romanyk DL. Reliability and accuracy of a method for measuring temporomandibular joint condylar volume. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 131:485-493. [PMID: 32950426 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop and validate a technique for mandibular condyle segmentation and volume determination by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN A dry skull was used to generate 3 dimensional (3-D)-printed mandible models that were then imaged by using CBCT. Semiautomatic segmentation of condyles was completed. The Frankfurt plane was established and translated to the most inferior point of the sigmoid notch, and the condylar volume superior to the plane was determined. This procedure was repeated on 3-D-printed mandibles by using physical landmarks and the water displacement method to obtain the physical volume. This was repeated 3 times to evaluate reliability. Sensitivity analysis was performed to demonstrate the effect of discrepancies in locating landmarks in the Frankfurt plane. Condylar volume measurements obtained from CBCT were compared with physical measurements through repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine accuracy. RESULTS Condylar volume obtained from CBCT and physical measurements resulted in an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.988 (0.918, 0.998) (P < .01) with both modalities, demonstrating excellent intrarater reliability. The mean difference of volume measurements between the modalities was not statistically significant (P = .365). Potential discrepancies in porion coordinates had minimal impact on condylar volume change. CONCLUSIONS The condylar segmentation technique proved to be a reliable and accurate method for evaluating condylar volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Kim
- Orthodontics Student, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manuel O Lagravere
- Associate Professor, Division of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Neelambar R Kaipatur
- Clinical Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul W Major
- Professor and Department Chair, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dan L Romanyk
- Professor and Department Chair, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Lo Giudice A, Quinzi V, Ronsivalle V, Farronato M, Nicotra C, Indelicato F, Isola G. Evaluation of Imaging Software Accuracy for 3-Dimensional Analysis of the Mandibular Condyle. A Comparative Study Using a Surface-to-Surface Matching Technique. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134789. [PMID: 32635238 PMCID: PMC7370104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of 3D rendering of the mandibular condylar region obtained from different semi-automatic segmentation methodology. A total of 10 Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were selected to perform semi-automatic segmentation of the condyles by using three free-source software (Invesalius, version 3.0.0, Centro de Tecnologia da Informação Renato Archer, Campinas, SP, Brazil; ITK-Snap, version2.2.0; Slicer 3D, version 4.10.2) and one commercially available software Dolphin 3D (Dolphin Imaging, version 11.0, Chatsworth, CA, USA). The same models were also manually segmented (Mimics, version 17.01, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) and set as ground truth. The accuracy of semi-automatic segmentation was evaluated by (1) comparing the volume of each semi-automatic 3D rendered condylar model with that obtained with manual segmentation, (2) deviation analysis of each 3D rendered mandibular models with those obtained from manual segmentation. No significant differences were found in the volumetric dimensions of the condylar models among the tested software (p > 0.05). However, the color-coded map showed underestimation of the condylar models obtained with ITK-Snap and Slicer 3D, and overestimation with Dolphin 3D and Invesalius. Excellent reliability was found for both intra-observer and inter-observer readings. Despite the excellent reliability, the present findings suggest that data of condylar morphology obtained with semi-automatic segmentation should be taken with caution when an accurate definition of condylar boundaries is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Vincenzo Quinzi
- Post Graduate School of Orthodontics, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, V.le San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Marco Farronato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Section of Orthodontics, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carmelo Nicotra
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.L.G.); (V.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Francesco Indelicato
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Section of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Section of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-3782453
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López DF, Botero JR, Muñoz JM, Cardenas-Perilla RA. Mandibular and temporomandibular morphologic characteristics of patients with suspected unilateral condylar hyperplasia: a CT study. Dental Press J Orthod 2020; 25:61-68. [PMID: 32490922 PMCID: PMC7265676 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.25.2.061-068.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Facial asymmetry associated with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) is a complicated clinical condition. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe morphological characteristics of the mandible and the temporomandibular joint in patients with facial asymmetry, using computed tomography and 3D reconstruction. METHODS A retrospective observational study was performed with patients displaying facial asymmetry evaluated by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT analysis, for suspected UCH, between 2015 and 2018. The following variables were compared between the affected side (producing the asymmetry) and the contralateral side (side to where the jaw is deflected): condylar length, condylar medial and lateral pole length, mandibular ramus length, intra-articular spaces, articular eminence height and position of the posterior wall of the glenoid fossa. RESULTS Forty-three patients (21 women, mean age: 20.7 ± 7.25 years) with facial asymmetry were included, 19 patients presented right side deviation and 24 patients had left side deviation. Condylar length, lateral pole length, the sum of maximum values and articular eminence height were greater in the affected side (p< 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the position of the posterior wall of the glenoid fossa and the articular eminence height in the affected side (r = 0.442). CONCLUSIONS In patients with suspected UCH, evaluated through CT, craniofacial measurements showed significantly larger condylar length and the condylar sum of maximum values in the affected side. A positive correlation was found between the increased dimensions of the articular eminence and the more posterior position of the glenoid fossa in the affected side.
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Skroch L, Fischer I, Meisgeier A, Kozolka F, Apitzsch J, Neff A. Condylar remodeling after osteosynthesis of fractures of the condylar head or close to the temporomandibular joint. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2020; 48:413-420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Jiang YY, Sun L, Wang H, Zhao CY, Zhang WB. Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography analysis of temporomandibular joint response to the Twin-block functional appliance. Korean J Orthod 2020; 50:86-97. [PMID: 32257934 PMCID: PMC7093662 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2020.50.2.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To propose a three-dimensional (3D) method for evaluating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes during Twin-block treatment. Methods Seventeen patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion treated using Twin-block and nine untreated patients with a similar malocclusion were included in this research. We collected their cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from before and 8 months after treatment. Segmentations were constructed using ITK-SNAP. Condylar volume and superficial area were measured using 3D Slicer. The 3D landmarks were identified on CBCT images by using Dolphin software to assess the condylar positional relationship. 3D models of the mandible and glenoid fossa of the patients were constructed and registered via voxel-based superimposition using 3D Slicer. Thereafter, skeletal changes could be visualized using 3DMeshMetric in any direction of the superimposition on a color-coded map. All the superimpositions were measured using the same scale on the distance color-coded map, in which red color represents overgrowth and blue color represents resorption. Results Significant differences were observed in condylar volume, superficial area, and condylar position in both groups after 8 months. Compared with the control group (CG), the Twin-block group exhibited more obvious condyle-fossa modifications and joint positional changes. Moreover, on the color-coded map, more obvious condyle-fossa modifications could be observed in the posterior and superior directions in the Twin-block group than in the CG. Conclusions We successfully established a 3D method for measuring and evaluating TMJ changes caused by Twin-block treatment. The treatment produced a larger condylar size and caused condylar positional changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Bing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Altan Şallı G, Öztürkmen Z. Semi-automated three-dimensional volumetric evaluation of mandibular condyles. Oral Radiol 2020; 37:66-73. [PMID: 32020494 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-020-00426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to research the mandibular condyle volumes of the Turkish subpopulation by sex, age, laterality, and posterior occlusal support, to provide volumetric data for young and old patient groups. METHODS The CBCT images of 690 condyles from 345 patients (165 females and 180 males) were assessed. Patients aged 18-25 years were chosen for the younger group, and 45-70 years for the older group. The dental statuses of the older patient group were divided into three categories, based on the Eichner index. All the CBCT images were transferred to the three-dimensional volumetric analysis software, ITK-Snap (Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL) at the University of Pennsylvania and Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute (SCI) at the University of Utah) and analyzed with sagittal, coronal, and axial sections. Mandibular condyles were defined using semi-automatic segmentation, then manual segmentation was performed to ensure accuracy. Analyses were performed using MedCalc statistical software. The p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean right condyle volume for the whole sample (n = 345) was 1678.8 mm3 and the left condyle volume was 1661.3 mm3. Males had a larger condyle volume than females in both the younger and older patient groups (p = 0.035, p < 0.01, respectively). The Eichner index did not correlate significantly with condylar volume in the older patient group (p = 0.134, p = 0.122). CONCLUSION There were significant differences between the volumes of mandibular condyles for different sex, while there were no significant differences in relation to age, laterality, and posterior occlusal support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülay Altan Şallı
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Beykent University, Avalon Campus, F416, Beylikduzu, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Öztürkmen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Koç A, Sezgin ÖS, Kayıpmaz S. Comparing different planimetric methods on volumetric estimations by using cone beam computed tomography. Radiol Med 2020; 125:398-405. [DOI: 10.1007/s11547-019-01131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kim JJ, Nam H, Kaipatur NR, Major PW, Flores-Mir C, Lagravere MO, Romanyk DL. Reliability and accuracy of segmentation of mandibular condyles from different three-dimensional imaging modalities: a systematic review. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2019; 49:20190150. [PMID: 31778321 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20190150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To critically synthesize the literature surrounding segmentation of the mandibular condyle using three-dimensional imaging modalities. Specifically, analyzing the reliability and accuracy of methods used for three-dimensional condyle segmentation. METHODS Three electronic databases were searched for studies reporting the reliability and accuracy of various methods used to segment mandibular condyles from three-dimensional imaging modalities. Two authors independently reviewed articles for eligibility and data extraction. RESULTS Nine studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Eight studies assessed the condylar segmentation from CBCT images and limited studies were available on non-CBCT three-dimensional imaging modalities. Threshold-based volume segmentation, manual segmentation, and semi-automatic segmentation techniques were presented. Threshold-based volume segmentation reported higher accuracy when completed by an experienced technician compared to clinicians. Adequate reliability and accuracy were observed in manual segmentation. Although adequate reliability was reported in semi-automatic segmentation, data on its accuracy were lacking. CONCLUSION A definitive conclusion with regards to which current technique is most reliable and accurate to efficiently segment the mandibular condyle cannot be made with the currently available evidence. This is especially true in terms of non-CBCT imaging modalities with very limited literature available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Kim
- 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hyejin Nam
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Neelambar R Kaipatur
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul W Major
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carlos Flores-Mir
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manuel O Lagravere
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel L Romanyk
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th floor, 11405-87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Ahmed NF, Samir SM, Ashmawy MS, Farid MM. Cone beam computed tomographic assessment of mandibular condyle in Kennedy class I patients. Oral Radiol 2019; 36:356-364. [PMID: 31637627 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-019-00413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the dimensional and volumetric changes in the mandibular condyle in Kennedy class I patients versus completely dentate patients by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to estimate the effect of loss of posterior teeth on the mandibular condyle. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was performed on one hundred patients requesting CBCT scans: fifty Kennedy class I patients and fifty fully dentate controls. Condyle dimensions mesio-distal, cranio-caudal and antero-posterior as well as condyle volume were measured in both the groups. RESULTS Kennedy class I patients showed statistically significant higher mean condyle width but lower mean condyle height than the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between the study group and the control group regarding condyle AP dimension. There was no statistically significant difference between condyle volumes in the two groups. CONCLUSION Loss of posterior teeth is accompanied by significant decrease in condyle height and increase in condyle width with no change in the total condyle volume or antero-posterior dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa F Ahmed
- Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Monazamet Elwehda Elafriqeya St., Elabasseya, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Sahar M Samir
- Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Monazamet Elwehda Elafriqeya St., Elabasseya, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mostafa S Ashmawy
- Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Monazamet Elwehda Elafriqeya St., Elabasseya, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mary M Farid
- Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Monazamet Elwehda Elafriqeya St., Elabasseya, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Gandedkar NH, Shrikantaiah S, Patil AK, Baseer MA, Chng CK, Ganeshkar SV, Kambalyal P. Influence of conventional and skeletal anchorage system supported fixed functional appliance on maxillo-mandibular complex and temporomandibular joint: A preliminary comparative cone beam computed tomography study. Int Orthod 2019; 17:256-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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da Silva R, Valadares Souza C, Souza G, Ambrosano G, Freitas D, Sant’Ana E, de Oliveira-Santos C. Changes in condylar volume and joint spaces after orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 47:511-517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Volumetric Analysis of 700 Mandibular Condyles Based Upon Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:506-509. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Relationships between temporomandibular joint disk displacements and condylar volume. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 125:192-198. [PMID: 29233525 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between mandibular condylar volume and disk displacement status in adult males and females. STUDY DESIGN We evaluated 122 temporomandibular joints in 61 patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). MRI data were used to assign disk status as normal disk position (NR), disk displacement with reduction (DDR), or disk displacement without reduction (DDNR). CT data were used to calculate total condylar volume and its components, cortical volume, and trabecular volume. The relationships among condylar volume, disk status, and gender were tested with 2-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Condylar volumes significantly correlated with disk displacement, tending to decrease as displacement increased. There were significant differences in both total condylar volume and trabecular volume among the DD status (NR > DDR > DDNR), whereas cortical volume was significantly different only between NR/DDR and DDNR (NR/DDR > DDNR). The volume decreases associated with temporomandibular joint DD were found in both males and females, with greater decreases in men than in women as DD progressed. CONCLUSIONS Condylar volumes are significantly associated with disk displacement status. Joints with nonreducing disks showed the smallest condylar volumes in both males and females.
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Accuracy and Reliability of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Linear and Volumetric Mandibular Condyle Measurements. A Human Cadaver Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11993. [PMID: 28931867 PMCID: PMC5607232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The accuracy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) on linear and volumetric measurements on condyles has only been assessed on dry skulls. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of linear and volumetric measurements of mandibular condyles in the presence of soft tissues using CBCT. Six embalmed cadaver heads were used. CBCT scans were taken, followed by the extraction of the condyles. The water displacement technique was used to calculate the volumes of the condyles and three linear measurements were made using a digital caliper, these measurements serving as the gold standard. Surface models of the condyles were obtained using a 3D scanner, and superimposed onto the CBCT images. Condyles were isolated on the CBCT render volume using the surface models as reference and volumes were measured. Linear measurements were made on CBCT slices. The CBCT method was found to be reliable for both volumetric and linear measurements (CV < 3%; CCI > 0.90). Highly accurate values were obtained for the three linear measurements and volume. CBCT is a reliable and accurate method for taking volumetric and linear measurements on mandibular condyles in the presence of soft tissue, and so a valid tool for clinical diagnosis.
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Validation of a novel imaging approach using multi-slice CT and cone-beam CT to follow-up on condylar remodeling after bimaxillary surgery. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:139-144. [PMID: 28708129 PMCID: PMC5709543 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to introduce a novel three-dimensional procedure to objectively quantify both inner and outer condylar remodelling on preoperative multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Second, the reliability and accuracy of this condylar volume quantification method was assessed. The mandibles of 20 patients (11 female and 9 male) who underwent bimaxillary surgery were semi-automatically extracted from MSCT/CBCT scans and rendered in 3D. The resulting condyles were spatially matched by using an anatomical landmark-based registration procedure. A standardized sphere was created around each condyle, and the condylar bone volume within this selected region of interest was automatically calculated. To investigate the reproducibility of the method, inter- and intra-observer reliability was calculated for assessments made by two experienced radiologists twice five months apart in a set of ten randomly selected patients. To test the accuracy of the bone segmentation, the inner and outer bone structures of one dry mandible, scanned according to the clinical set-up, were compared with the gold standard, micro-CT. Thirty-eight condyles showed a significant (P<0.05) mean bone volume decrease of 26.4%±11.4% (502.9 mm3±268.1 mm3). No significant effects of side, sex or age were found. Good to excellent (ICC>0.6) intra- and inter-observer reliability was observed for both MSCT and CBCT. Moreover, the bone segmentation accuracy was less than one voxel (0.4 mm) for MSCT (0.3 mm±0.2 mm) and CBCT (0.4 mm±0.3 mm), thus indicating the clinical potential of this method for objective follow-up in pathological condylar resorption.
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Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Volume Between Patients With Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia and Class III Dentofacial Deformity. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:180-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Comparison of volume and position of the temporomandibular joint structures in patients with mandibular asymmetry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 122:772-780. [PMID: 27727116 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the volume and position of the temporomandibular joint structures, specifically the glenoid fossa and the condylar head, in patients with facial asymmetry. STUDY DESIGN Fifty-six adult patients were divided into two groups-asymmetry group and control group-based on the severity of the mandibular asymmetry, as seen on their orthopantomograms. The volumes and positions of the bilateral temporomandibular joint components were measured by using computed tomography images and a three-dimensional analysis program. Each of the variables was compared between and within the groups. RESULTS The volumes of the condyle and the glenoid fossa on the side of the smaller condyle were significantly smaller in the asymmetry group (P < .05) than in the control group. The volumetric ratios of the glenoid fossa and the joint space to the condyle were also significantly higher on that side (P < .001). The distance of the uppermost point of the glenoid fossa from the midaxial plane in the smaller condyle was significantly shorter (P < .05) only in the asymmetry group. CONCLUSIONS When evaluating mandibular asymmetry, the volume of the glenoid fossa and the volume and vertical position of the condylar head need to be considered in addition to length or width of the condylar head.
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Kayipmaz S, Akçay S, Sezgin ÖS. Osteoporotic mandibular changes caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative study by cone beam computed tomography imaging. Oral Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-016-0252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The Radiological and Stereological Analysis of the Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Mandibular Midline Distraction Osteogenesis. J Craniofac Surg 2015; 26:e595-9. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000002046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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An SB, Park SB, Kim YI, Son WS. Effect of post-orthognathic surgery condylar axis changes on condylar morphology as determined by 3-dimensional surface reconstruction. Angle Orthod 2014; 84:316-321. [PMID: 23944223 PMCID: PMC8673793 DOI: 10.2319/052113-387.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of postoperative condylar axis changes on mandibular condylar remodeling by comparing the condylar head in three-dimensional (3D) surface reconstructions before and after surgery in skeletal Class III deformities (one-jaw [mandibular setback] or two-jaw surgery), and also to determine the relationship between condylar inward rotation and condylar surface remodeling after orthognathic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of 30 patients with skeletal Class III deformities who had received orthognathic surgery. Group 1 underwent one-jaw surgery (10 men, five women, age 22.4 ± 3.3 years), and group 2 underwent two-jaw surgery (10 men, five women, age 22.3 ± 2.2 years). Sixty condyles were reconstructed and superimposed pre- and postoperatively to compare the changes of condylar surfaces. The relation between the condylar axis change and the surface change using the Pearson correlation were investigated from the 3D image software. RESULTS Condylar surface changes before and after the surgery were significant. The postoperative inward rotation of the condyles was correlated with the average absolute deviation of the condyles, regardless of the surgery type (one- or 2-jaw surgery; r = .70, P < .05). CONCLUSION After orthognathic surgery, condylar surface changes occurred, and condylar inward rotation was closely related to changes of condylar surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Bum An
- Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Soo-Byung Park
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Son
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
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Sezgin OS, Kayıpmaz S, Sahin B. The effect of slice thickness on the assessment of bone defect volumes by the Cavalieri principle using cone beam computed tomography. J Digit Imaging 2013; 26:115-8. [PMID: 22539100 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-012-9480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible effects of section thickness on volume estimations obtained by cone beam computed tomography. Intraosseal cavities representing bone defects on vestibular sides of the two dry sheep mandibles were scanned by a cone beam computed tomography system. Consecutive sections at 0.2, 0.6, 1, 1.4, and 2.2 mm thickness were used to estimate the volumes of the cavities using the Cavalieri principle of stereological methods. Estimated volumes are then compared with the volumes obtained by the Archimedean principle. In 0.2-, 0.6-, and 1-mm-thick slices, the volumes estimated by the Cavalieri principle did not differ from the volumes by the Archimedean principle (p > 0.05). The 0.2 mm slice-thickness group had the highest asymptotic significance value (p = 0.6). Although the thinnest slice appears to provide the most accurate values, slice thickness up to 1 mm can be chosen for volume calculations on CBCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Said Sezgin
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical Universty, Trabzon, Turkey.
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