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Cho HH, Kim CK, Park H. Overview of radiomics in prostate imaging and future directions. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20210539. [PMID: 34797688 PMCID: PMC8978251 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in imaging technology and analysis methods have led to an analytic framework known as radiomics. This framework extracts comprehensive high-dimensional features from imaging data and performs data mining to build analytical models for improved decision-support. Its features include many categories spanning texture and shape; thus, it can provide abundant information for precision medicine. Many studies of prostate radiomics have shown promising results in the assessment of pathological features, prediction of treatment response, and stratification of risk groups. Herein, we aimed to provide a general overview of radiomics procedures, discuss technical issues, explain various clinical applications, and suggest future research directions, especially for prostate imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan-Ho Cho
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.,Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chan Kyo Kim
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjin Park
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea.,School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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Ferro M, de Cobelli O, Musi G, del Giudice F, Carrieri G, Busetto GM, Falagario UG, Sciarra A, Maggi M, Crocetto F, Barone B, Caputo VF, Marchioni M, Lucarelli G, Imbimbo C, Mistretta FA, Luzzago S, Vartolomei MD, Cormio L, Autorino R, Tătaru OS. Radiomics in prostate cancer: an up-to-date review. Ther Adv Urol 2022; 14:17562872221109020. [PMID: 35814914 PMCID: PMC9260602 DOI: 10.1177/17562872221109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common worldwide diagnosed malignancy in male population. The diagnosis, the identification of aggressive disease, and the post-treatment follow-up needs a more comprehensive and holistic approach. Radiomics is the extraction and interpretation of images phenotypes in a quantitative manner. Radiomics may give an advantage through advancements in imaging modalities and through the potential power of artificial intelligence techniques by translating those features into clinical outcome prediction. This article gives an overview on the current evidence of methodology and reviews the available literature on radiomics in PCa patients, highlighting its potential for personalized treatment and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ferro
- Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy, via Ripamonti 435 Milano, Italy
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco del Giudice
- Department of Urology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Sciarra
- Department of Urology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Maggi
- Department of Urology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | - Biagio Barone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Francesco Caputo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Marchioni
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d’Annunzio, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; Urology Unit, ‘SS. Annunziata’ Hospital, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Urology, ASL Abruzzo 2, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandro Mistretta
- Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Luzzago
- Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mihai Dorin Vartolomei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, Târgu Mures, Romania
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Urology and Renal Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Urology Unit, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Octavian Sabin Tătaru
- Institution Organizing University Doctoral Studies, I.O.S.U.D., George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, Târgu Mures, Romania
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Chen C, Yang Z, Sweeney E, Hectors SJ, Hu JC, Margolis DJ. Prostate heterogeneity correlates with clinical features on multiparametric MRI. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46:5369-5376. [PMID: 34292363 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-03221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate heterogeneity on multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) may confound image interpretation by obscuring lesions; systematic biopsy may have a role in this context. PURPOSE To determine if prostate heterogeneity (1) correlates with clinical risk factors for prostate cancer and (2) associates with higher-grade tumor in systematic biopsy (SB), compared with MRI-directed target biopsy (MDTB), i.e., SB > MDTB, thus providing a rationale for combined biopsy. METHODS IRB-approved retrospective study included men who underwent mpMRI, SB, and MDTB between 2015 and 2017. Regions of interest were applied to the entire transition zone (TZ) and peripheral zone (PZ) on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), apparent diffusion coefficient maps (ADC), and early dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) images on the midgland slice. Mean signal intensities and standard deviation (SD) of each zone were calculated. SD served as a measure of heterogeneity. Spearman's rank correlation analysis of clinical and imaging variables was performed. Univariate logistic regression was used to determine if any imaging variable associated with SB > MDTB. RESULTS 93 patients were included. Significant correlations included age and TZ ADC heterogeneity (rho = 0.34, p = 0.013), PSA density, and mean TZ ADC (rho = - 0.29, p = 0.049). PZ T2WI heterogeneity correlated with PZ ADC heterogeneity (rho = 0.48, p < 0.001). PZ DCE heterogeneity correlated with TZ DCE heterogeneity (rho = 0.46, p < 0.001). TZ ADC heterogeneity was associated with SB > MDTB prior to multiple comparison correction (p = 0.032). p value after correction was 0.24. CONCLUSION TZ ADC heterogeneity correlated with age and may reflect prostatic hyperplasia and/or prostate cancer. PZ heterogeneity, possibly a measure of prostatitis, correlated with TZ hyperplasia and/or inflammation. TZ ADC heterogeneity was associated with SB > MDTB with p value of < 0.05 prior to multiple correction; future investigation is needed to further elucidate significance of ADC heterogeneity in prostate imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Chen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sweeney
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jim C Hu
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Margolis
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Prostate Cancer Radiogenomics-From Imaging to Molecular Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189971. [PMID: 34576134 PMCID: PMC8465891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiomics and genomics represent two of the most promising fields of cancer research, designed to improve the risk stratification and disease management of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Radiomics involves a conversion of imaging derivate quantitative features using manual or automated algorithms, enhancing existing data through mathematical analysis. This could increase the clinical value in PCa management. To extract features from imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the empiric nature of the analysis using machine learning and artificial intelligence could help make the best clinical decisions. Genomics information can be explained or decoded by radiomics. The development of methodologies can create more-efficient predictive models and can better characterize the molecular features of PCa. Additionally, the identification of new imaging biomarkers can overcome the known heterogeneity of PCa, by non-invasive radiological assessment of the whole specific organ. In the future, the validation of recent findings, in large, randomized cohorts of PCa patients, can establish the role of radiogenomics. Briefly, we aimed to review the current literature of highly quantitative and qualitative results from well-designed studies for the diagnoses, treatment, and follow-up of prostate cancer, based on radiomics, genomics and radiogenomics research.
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