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Murtaza A, Qamar MA, Saleem K, Hardwick T, Zia Ul Haq, Shirinfar B, Ahmed N. Renewable Electricity Enables Green Routes to Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100296. [PMID: 35103382 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of chemicals using renewable electricity and when generating high atom economies are considered green and sustainable processes. In the present state of affairs, electrochemical manufacturing of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals is not as common place as it could be and therefore, merits more attention. There is also a need to turn attention toward the electrochemical synthesis of valuable chemicals from recyclable greenhouse gases that can accelerate the process of circular economy. CO2 emissions are the major contributor to human-induced global warming. CO2 conversion into chemicals is a valuable application of its utilisation and will contribute to circular economy while maintaining environmental sustainability. Herein, we present an overview of electro-carboxylation, including mechanistic aspects, which forms carboxylic acids using molecular carbon dioxide. We also discuss atom economies of electrochemical fluorination, methoxylation and amide formation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Murtaza
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais Qamar
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Kaynat Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Tomas Hardwick
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Zia Ul Haq
- Chemical Engineering department, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | | | - Nisar Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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Chen D, Fabre PL, Reynes O, Chouini-Lalanne N, Sartor V. Electrocarboxylation of chloroacetonitrile mediated by a Ni(I) terpyridine complex: Voltammetric and spectroscopic studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Guo S, Asset T, Atanassov P. Catalytic Hybrid Electrocatalytic/Biocatalytic Cascades for Carbon Dioxide Reduction and Valorization. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Tristan Asset
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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Zhong J, Yu Y, Zhang D, Ye K. Merging cobalt catalysis and electrochemistry in organic synthesis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Tang T, Sandford C, Minteer SD, Sigman MS. Analyzing mechanisms in Co(i) redox catalysis using a pattern recognition platform. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4771-4778. [PMID: 34168755 PMCID: PMC8179645 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06725c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox catalysis has been broadly utilized in electrochemical synthesis due to its kinetic advantages over direct electrolysis. The appropriate choice of redox mediator can avoid electrode passivation and overpotential, which strongly inhibit the efficient activation of substrates in electrolysis. Despite the benefits brought by redox catalysis, establishing the precise nature of substrate activation remains challenging. Herein, we determine that a Co(i) complex bearing two N,N,N-tridentate ligands acts as a competent redox catalyst for the reduction of benzyl bromide substrates. Kinetic studies combining electroanalytical techniques with multivariable linear-regression analysis were conducted, disclosing an outer-sphere electron-transfer mechanism, which occurs in concert with C–Br bond cleavage. Furthermore, we apply a pattern recognition platform to distinguish between mechanisms in the activation of benzyl bromides, found to be dependent on the ligation state of the cobalt(i) center and ligand used. Through kinetic studies combining electroanalytical techniques with multivariable linear-regression (MLR) analysis, a pattern recognition platform is established to determine the electron-transfer mechanism (inner-sphere or outer-sphere) of an electrochemical reduction of benzyl bromides, mediated by different cobalt complexes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City Utah 84112 USA
| | - Christopher Sandford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City Utah 84112 USA
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City Utah 84112 USA
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City Utah 84112 USA
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Zhang Y, Yu S, Luo P, Xu S, Zhang X, Zhou H, Du J, Yang J, Xin N, Kong Y, Liu J, Chen B, Lu J. Fixation of CO 2 along with bromopyridines on a silver electrode. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180897. [PMID: 30225079 PMCID: PMC6124031 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Resulting from the drastic increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration day by day, global warming has become a serious environmental issue nowadays. The fixation of CO2 to obtain desirable, economically competitive chemicals has recently received considerable attention. This work investigates the fixation of CO2 along with three bromopyridines via a facile electrochemical method using a silver cathode to synthesize picolinic acids, which are important industrial and fine chemicals. Cyclic voltammetry is employed to investigate the cyclic voltammetric behaviour of bromopyridines. In addition, systematic study is conducted to study the relationships between the picolinic acids' yield and the electrolysis conditions and intrinsic parameters. The results show that the target picolinic acids' yields are strongly dependent on various conditions such as solvent, supporting electrolyte, current density, cathode material, charge passed, temperature and the nature of the substrates. Moreover, in the studied electrode materials such as Ag, Ni, Ti, Pt and GC, electrolysis and cyclic voltammetry show that Ag has a good electrocatalytic effect on the reduction and carboxylation of bromopyridine. This facile electrochemical route for fixation of CO2 provides an indispensable reference for the conversion and utilization of CO2 under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtian Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Luo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Shisong Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxi Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawei Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Xin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Kong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhai Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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Yang H, Wu L, Wang H, Lu J. Cathode made of compacted silver nanoparticles for electrocatalytic carboxylation of 1-phenethyl bromide with CO2. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(15)61075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Matthessen R, Fransaer J, Binnemans K, De Vos DE. Electrocarboxylation: towards sustainable and efficient synthesis of valuable carboxylic acids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2484-500. [PMID: 25383120 PMCID: PMC4222387 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The near-unlimited availability of CO2 has stimulated a growing research effort in creating value-added products from this greenhouse gas. This paper presents the trends on the most important methods used in the electrochemical synthesis of carboxylic acids from carbon dioxide. An overview is given of different substrate groups which form carboxylic acids upon CO2 fixation, including mechanistic considerations. While most work focuses on the electrocarboxylation of substrates with sacrificial anodes, this review considers the possibilities and challenges of implementing other synthetic methodologies. In view of potential industrial application, the choice of reactor setup, electrode type and reaction pathway has a large influence on the sustainability and efficiency of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Matthessen
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Arenbergpark 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Fransaer
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Arenbergpark 44, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Binnemans
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk E De Vos
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Arenbergpark 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Chen BL, Zhu HW, Xiao Y, Sun QL, Wang H, Lu JX. Asymmetric electrocarboxylation of 1-phenylethyl chloride catalyzed by electrogenerated chiral [CoI(salen)]− complex. Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Electrocatalytic carboxylation of chloroacetonitrile mediated by a Co(I) phenanthroline complex: Mechanistic and spectroscopic studies. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Matthessen R, Fransaer J, Binnemans K, Vos DED. Electrochemical dicarboxylation of conjugated fatty acids as an efficient valorization of carbon dioxide. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra00129f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Chen D, Fabre PL, Reynes O. Electrocarboxylation of chloroacetonitrile by a Cobalt(I) complex of terpyridine. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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