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Díaz-García D, Díaz-Sánchez M, Álvarez-Conde J, Gómez-Ruiz S. Emergence of Quantum Dots as Innovative Tools for Early Diagnosis and Advanced Treatment of Breast Cancer. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400172. [PMID: 38724442 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) semiconducting nanomaterials, have garnered attention due to their distinctive properties, including small size, high luminescence, and biocompatibility. In the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), notorious for its resistance to conventional treatments, QDs exhibit promising potential for enhancing diagnostic imaging and providing targeted therapies. This review underscores recent advancements in the utilization of QDs in imaging techniques, such as fluorescence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, aiming at the early and precise detection of tumors. Emphasis is placed on the significance of QD design, synthesis and functionalization processes as well as their use in innovative strategies for targeted drug delivery, capitalizing on their ability to selectively deliver therapeutic agents to cancer cells. As the research in this field advances rapidly, this review covers a classification of QDs according to their composition, the characterization techniques than can be used to determine their properties and, subsequently, emphasizes recent findings in the field of TNBC-targeting, highlighting the imperative need to address challenges, like potential toxicity or methodologies standardization. Collectively, the findings explored thus far suggest that QDs could pave the way for early diagnosis and effective therapy of TNBC, representing a significant stride toward precise and personalized strategies in treating TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Díaz-García
- COMET-NANO Group. Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, E-28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Díaz-Sánchez
- COMET-NANO Group. Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, E-28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Álvarez-Conde
- COMET-NANO Group. Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, E-28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Gómez-Ruiz
- COMET-NANO Group. Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, E-28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Zhang Y, Zheng ZN, Lin XH, Liu AL, Lei Y. A homogeneous electrochemiluminescence immunoassay platform based on carbon quantum dots and magnetic beads enrichment for detection of thyroglobulin in serum. Talanta 2024; 276:126205. [PMID: 38718649 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Considering the high probability of recurrence or metastasis after thyroidectomy, it is meaningful to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific method for monitoring thyrophyma-related biomarkers. In this study, a homogeneous electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (HO-ECLIA) coupled with magnetic beads (MBs)-based enrichment tactic was established for the determination of thyrophyma-related thyroglobulin (Tg). Importantly, owing to the abundant surface groups and good biocompatibility of carbon quantum dots (CQDs), the incorporation of CQDs onto the Tg antigen surface was achieved, resulting in the formation of Tg-encapsulated CQDs (CQDs-Tg), which served not only as an ECL probe but as a biorecognition element. Under optimal experimental conditions, the proposed platform demonstrated a wide linear range from 0.01 to 100 ng·mL-1 with a detection limit of 6.9 pg·mL-1 (S/N = 3), and performed well in real serum sample analysis against interference. Collectively, the proposed platform exhibited the rapid response, satisfactory sensitivity and specificity toward Tg in complex serum milieu, and held a considerable potential for clinical prognosis monitoring of thyrophyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xin-Hua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| | - Yun Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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3
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Qureshi ZA, Dabash H, Ponnamma D, Abbas M. Carbon dots as versatile nanomaterials in sensing and imaging: Efficiency and beyond. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31634. [PMID: 38832274 PMCID: PMC11145243 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a versatile and promising carbon-based nanomaterial with exceptional optical properties, including tunable emission wavelengths, high quantum yield, and photostability. CDs are appropriate for various applications with many benefits, such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and simplicity of surface modification. Thanks to their tunable optical properties and great sensitivity, CDs have been used in sensing as fluorescent probes for detecting pH, heavy metal ions, and other analytes. In addition, CDs have demonstrated potential as luminescence converters for white organic light-emitting diodes and light emitters in optoelectronic devices due to their superior optical qualities and exciton-independent emission. CDs have been used for drug administration and bioimaging in the biomedical field due to their biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and ease of functionalization. Additionally, due to their stability, efficient charge separation, and low recombination rate, CDs have shown interesting uses in energy systems, such as photocatalysis and energy conversion. This article highlights the growing possibilities and potential of CDs as adaptable nanomaterials in a variety of interdisciplinary areas related to sensing and imaging, at the same time addressing the major challenges involved in the current research and proposing scientific solutions to apply CDs in the development of a super smart society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanan Dabash
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Deepalekshmi Ponnamma
- Materials Science and Technology Program, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - M.K.G. Abbas
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Asghar N, Hussain A, Nguyen DA, Ali S, Hussain I, Junejo A, Ali A. Advancement in nanomaterials for environmental pollutants remediation: a systematic review on bibliometrics analysis, material types, synthesis pathways, and related mechanisms. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:26. [PMID: 38200605 PMCID: PMC10777661 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a major issue that requires effective solutions. Nanomaterials (NMs) have emerged as promising candidates for pollution remediation due to their unique properties. This review paper provides a systematic analysis of the potential of NMs for environmental pollution remediation compared to conventional techniques. It elaborates on several aspects, including conventional and advanced techniques for removing pollutants, classification of NMs (organic, inorganic, and composite base). The efficiency of NMs in remediation of pollutants depends on their dispersion and retention, with each type of NM having different advantages and disadvantages. Various synthesis pathways for NMs, including traditional synthesis (chemical and physical) and biological synthesis pathways, mechanisms of reaction for pollutants removal using NMs, such as adsorption, filtration, disinfection, photocatalysis, and oxidation, also are evaluated. Additionally, this review presents suggestions for future investigation strategies to improve the efficacy of NMs in environmental remediation. The research so far provides strong evidence that NMs could effectively remove contaminants and may be valuable assets for various industrial purposes. However, further research and development are necessary to fully realize this potential, such as exploring new synthesis pathways and improving the dispersion and retention of NMs in the environment. Furthermore, there is a need to compare the efficacy of different types of NMs for remediating specific pollutants. Overall, this review highlights the immense potential of NMs for mitigating environmental pollutants and calls for more research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Asghar
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Alamdar Hussain
- Department of Botany, University of Baltistan, Skardu 16400, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
| | - Duc Anh Nguyen
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Salar Ali
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Baltistan, Skardu 16400, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
| | - Ishtiaque Hussain
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Baltistan, Skardu 16400, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Science, Quaid-i-Azam University of Islamabad, Islamabad, 15320, Pakistan
| | - Aurangzeb Junejo
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Attarad Ali
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Baltistan, Skardu 16400, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
- Directorate of Quality Enhancement Cell, University of Baltistan, Skardu 16400, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
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5
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Louw CJ, de Haan P, Verpoorte E, Baker P. Efficient Electrochemiluminescence Sensing in Microfluidic Biosensors: A Review. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 52:41-62. [PMID: 38523440 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2023049565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are capable of handling 10-9 L to 10-18 L of fluids by incorporating tiny channels with dimensions of ten to hundreds of micrometers, and they can be fabricated using a wide range of materials including glass, silicon, polymers, paper, and cloth for tailored sensing applications. Microfluidic biosensors integrated with detection methods such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL) can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Coupled with ECL, these tandem devices are capable of sensing biomarkers at nanomolar to picomolar concentrations, reproducibly. Measurement at this low level of concentration makes microfluidic electrochemiluminescence (MF-ECL) devices ideal for biomarker detection in the context of early warning systems for diseases such as myocardial infarction, cancer, and others. However, the technology relies on the nature and inherent characteristics of an efficient luminophore. The luminophore typically undergoes a redox process to generate excited species which emit energy in the form of light upon relaxation to lower energy states. Therefore, in biosensor design the efficiency of the luminophore is critical. This review is focused on the integration of microfluidic devices with biosensors and using electrochemiluminescence as a detection method. We highlight the dual role of carbon quantum dots as a luminophore and co-reactant in electrochemiluminescence analysis, drawing on their unique properties that include large specific surface area, easy functionalization, and unique luminescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Juliat Louw
- SensorLab, Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim de Haan
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Verpoorte
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Priscilla Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape Bellville, 7535, Republic of South Africa
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6
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Li S, Qin Z, Fu J, Gao Q. Nanobiosensing Based on Electro-Optically Modulated Technology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2400. [PMID: 37686908 PMCID: PMC10489767 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
At the nanoscale, metals exhibit special electrochemical and optical properties, which play an important role in nanobiosensing. In particular, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based on precious metal nanoparticles, as a kind of tag-free biosensor technology, has brought high sensitivity, high reliability, and convenient operation to sensor detection. By applying an electrochemical excitation signal to the nanoplasma device, modulating its surface electron density, and realizing electrochemical coupling SPR, it can effectively complete the joint transmission of electrical and optical signals, increase the resonance shift of the spectrum, and further improve the sensitivity of the designed biosensor. In addition, smartphones are playing an increasingly important role in portable mobile sensor detection systems. These systems typically connect sensing devices to smartphones to perceive different types of information, from optical signals to electrochemical signals, providing ideas for the portability and low-cost design of these sensing systems. Among them, electrochemiluminescence (ECL), as a special electrochemically coupled optical technology, has good application prospects in mobile sensing detection due to its strong anti-interference ability, which is not affected by background light. In this review, the SPR is introduced using nanoparticles, and its response process is analyzed theoretically. Then, the mechanism and sensing application of electrochemistry coupled with SPR and ECL are emphatically introduced. Finally, it extends to the relevant research on electrochemically coupled optical sensing on mobile detection platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.Q.); (J.F.); (Q.G.)
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Hong S, Yang Z, Mou Q, Luan Y, Zhang B, Pei R, Lu Y. Monitoring leaching of Cd 2+ from cadmium-based quantum dots by an Cd aptamer fluorescence sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 220:114880. [PMID: 36402100 PMCID: PMC10139768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Quantum Dots (QDs) have been demonstrated with outstanding optical properties and thus been widely used in many biological and biomedical studies. However, previous studies have shown that QDs can cause cell toxicity, mainly attributable to the leached Cd2+. Therefore, identifying the leaching kinetics is very important to understand QD biosafety and cytotoxicity. Toward this goal, instrumental analyses such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) have been used, which are time-consuming, costly and do not provide real-time or spatial information. To overcome these limitations, we report herein a fast and cost-effective fluorescence sensor based a Cd2+-specific aptamer for real-time monitoring the rapid leaching kinetics of QDs in vitro and in living cells. The sensor shows high specificity towards Cd2+ and is able to measure the Cd2+ leached either from water-dispersed CdTe QDs or two-layered CdSe/CdS QDs. The sensor is then used to study the stability of these two types of QDs under conditions to mimic cellular pH and temperature and the results from the sensor are similar to those obtained from ICP-MS. Finally, the sensor is able to monitor the leaching of Cd2+ from QDs in HeLa cells. The fluorescence aptamer sensor described in this study may find many applications as a tool for understanding biosafety of numerous other Cd-based QDs, including leaching kinetics and toxicity mechanisms in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanni Hong
- Department of Medical Imaging Technology, School of Medical Imaging, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, PR China; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interfaces, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Quanbing Mou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yunxia Luan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bingbo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China.
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interfaces, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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8
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Fluorescent cellulosic composites based on carbon dots: Recent advances, developments, and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Padmakumari Kurup C, Abdullah Lim S, Ahmed MU. Nanomaterials as signal amplification elements in aptamer-based electrochemiluminescent biosensors. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 147:108170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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10
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Strategies for Enhancing the Sensitivity of Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090750. [PMID: 36140135 PMCID: PMC9496703 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has received considerable attention as a powerful analytical technique for the sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes owing to its high sensitivity and selectivity and wide dynamic range. To satisfy the growing demand for ultrasensitive analysis techniques with high efficiency and accuracy in complex real sample matrices, considerable efforts have been dedicated to developing ECL strategies to improve the sensitivity of bioanalysis. As one of the most effective approaches, diverse signal amplification strategies have been integrated with ECL biosensors to achieve desirable analytical performance. This review summarizes the recent advances in ECL biosensing based on various signal amplification strategies, including DNA-assisted amplification strategies, efficient ECL luminophores, surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence, and ratiometric strategies. Sensitivity-enhancing strategies and bio-related applications are discussed in detail. Moreover, the future trends and challenges of ECL biosensors are discussed.
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11
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Immobilization of α-Amylase onto Quantum Dots Prepared from Hypericum perforatum L. Flowers and Hypericum capitatum Seeds: Its Physicochemical and Biochemical Characterization. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Huang X, Feng B, Liu M, Liu Z, Li S, Zeng W. Preclinical detection of lysophosphatidic acid: A new window for ovarian cancer diagnostics. Talanta 2022; 247:123561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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A novel cathodic electrochemiluminescent sensor based on CuS/carbon quantum dots/g-C3N4 nanosheets and boron nitride quantum dots for the sensitive detection of organophosphate pesticide. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Li K, Tu J, Zhang Y, Jin D, Li T, Li J, Ni W, Xiao MM, Zhang ZY, Zhang GJ. Ultrasensitive Detection of Exosomal miRNA with PMO- Graphene Quantum Dots Functionalized Field Effect Transistor Biosensor. iScience 2022; 25:104522. [PMID: 35754714 PMCID: PMC9218366 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with the conventional DNA probe immobilization on the planar surface, nanoparticles-based DNA probes enable more RNA molecules to be anchored to the sensor surface, thereby improving the detection sensitivity. In this work, we report phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO)-graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) field effect transistor (FET) biosensors for ultrasensitive detection of exosomal microRNAs. After the RGO FET sensor was fabricated, polylysine (PLL) film was deposited onto the RGO surface. GQDs-PMO hybrid was prepared and covalently bound to PLL surface, enabling detection of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs). The method achieved a detection limit as low as 85 aM and high specificity. Furthermore, the FET sensor was able to detect exosomal miRNAs in plasma samples and distinguish breast cancer samples from healthy samples. Compared with other methods, we use GQDs to further improve the sensitivity of FET, making it a potential tool for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Exosomal miRNAs are detected by GQDs-PMO-functionalized G-FET sensor The sensor can specifically detect 85 aM exosomal miRNA The results are in agreement with those of qRT-PCR This method can also distinguish breast cancer patients from healthy people
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15
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Li D, Chen C, Guo X, Liu C, Yang W. A simple electrochemiluminesecence aptasenor using a GCE/NCQDs/aptamers for detection of Pb. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:2270-2277. [PMID: 33428535 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1871661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was prepared to detect Pb2+ with nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) as ECL materials. To prepare the working electrode, NCQDs with carboxyl groups were loaded on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and then Pb2+ aptamers were covalently bound to the NCQDs to form a stable GCE/NCQDs/aptamers. On addition of Pb2+, the chain aptamers change to a pb2+ G-quadruplex conformation, which lead to a large decrease in the ECL intensity. The variation of intensity and the logarithm of the Pb2+ concentration had a good linear relationship (R2 = 0.998). The detection range was wide (50 pM to 387.9 nM) with a low detection limit (18.9 pM). In interference experiments, the ECL Pb2+ aptasensor did not suffer from interference and it had good stability. The NCQDs ECL aptasensor can detect Pb2+ quickly and accurately, and provides a fast and efficient method for detection of Pb2+. Compared with literatures, the Pb2+ aptasensor has simpler preparation process, lower cost; furthermore, it is more environmentally friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxia Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Somaraj G, Mathew S, Abraham T, Ambady KG, Mohan C, Mathew B. Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Sensing Applications: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Somaraj
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
| | - Sneha Mathew
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Chemistry Catholicate College Pathanamthitta Kerala India
| | - K. G. Ambady
- Department of Special Education National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities Telangana India
| | - Chitra Mohan
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
| | - Beena Mathew
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
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17
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Jin YJ, Kim H, Jang WD, Park SJ, Kwak G. Spontaneously sp 2-Carbonized Fluorescent Polyamides as a Probe Material for Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3057-3066. [PMID: 35533679 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneously sp2-carbonized polyamides (PA1, PA2) were prepared via Knoevenagel-type side reactions of malonyl moieties under mild conditions in the polycondensation of dicarbonyl chloride and diamine. Both polymers were soluble in water and emissive in the visible region, and the fluorescence (FL) intensity and the maximum wavelength were highly dependent on the excitation wavelength and the pH. Their chemical structures and FL origin were clarified by performing various spectroscopic analyses. π*-π transition was assumed to be allowed in an enol form based on the conjugated structure formed by the side reaction; this was responsible for its pH dependency and high FL quantum efficiency. In particular, PA2, which comprises the tertiary amide linkage, showed quick endocytosis, low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and exclusively stained lysosomes with the lowest intracellular pH. These results will help in understanding the origin of the FL emission of carbonized nanomaterials and exploring more advanced functions in the field of bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jae Jin
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Daegu Technopark Nano Convergence Practical Application Center, 891-5 Daecheon-dong, Dalseo-ku, Daegu 704-801, Korea
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701 Korea
| | - Giseop Kwak
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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18
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Pourmadadi M, Soleimani Dinani H, Saeidi Tabar F, Khassi K, Janfaza S, Tasnim N, Hoorfar M. Properties and Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Biosensors for Cancer Detection: A Comprehensive Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050269. [PMID: 35624570 PMCID: PMC9138779 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, and there is a critical need for diagnostic platforms for applications in early cancer detection. The diagnosis of cancer can be made by identifying abnormal cell characteristics such as functional changes, a number of vital proteins in the body, abnormal genetic mutations and structural changes, and so on. Identifying biomarker candidates such as DNA, RNA, mRNA, aptamers, metabolomic biomolecules, enzymes, and proteins is one of the most important challenges. In order to eliminate such challenges, emerging biomarkers can be identified by designing a suitable biosensor. One of the most powerful technologies in development is biosensor technology based on nanostructures. Recently, graphene and its derivatives have been used for diverse diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Graphene-based biosensors have exhibited significant performance with excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and a wide detection range. In this review, the principle of technology, advances, and challenges in graphene-based biosensors such as field-effect transistors (FET), fluorescence sensors, SPR biosensors, and electrochemical biosensors to detect different cancer cells is systematically discussed. Additionally, we provide an outlook on the properties, applications, and challenges of graphene and its derivatives, such as Graphene Oxide (GO), Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO), and Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs), in early cancer detection by nanobiosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.P.); (F.S.T.)
| | - Homayoon Soleimani Dinani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA;
| | - Fatemeh Saeidi Tabar
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.P.); (F.S.T.)
| | - Kajal Khassi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran;
| | - Sajjad Janfaza
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Nishat Tasnim
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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19
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Kamyabi MA, Moharramnezhad M, Hajari N. Facile microwave route for the synthesis of CuS/CQDs/g-C3N4NS as a novel promising cathodic electrochemiluminescence detection of imidacloprid. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Sun T, Tang M, Shi Y, Li B. MXenes Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances and Challenges. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200019. [PMID: 35352472 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
MXenes have aroused widespread interest in the biomedical field owing to their remarkable photo-thermal conversion capabilities combined with large specific surface areas. MXenes quantum dots (MQDs) have been synthesized either by the physical or chemical methods based on MXenes as precursors, which possess smaller size, higher photoluminescence, coupled with low cytotoxicity and many beneficial properties of MXenes, thereby having potential biomedical applications. Given this, this review summarized the synthesis methods, optical, surface and biological properties of MQDs along with their practical applications in the field of biomedicine. Finally, the authors make an outlook towards the synthesis, properties and applications of MQDs in the future biomedicine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiedong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.,Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Forestry Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Minglu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yangtian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.,Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Forestry Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
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21
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Ren H, Li M, Liu Y, Zhao T, Zhang R, Duan E. Nitrogen-rich carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) based on natural deep eutectic solvents: Simultaneous detection and treatment of trace Co 2+ under saline conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152389. [PMID: 34923018 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trace Co2+, when present in large quantities, is harmful to the environment and therefore cannot be ignored. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a standard method used to detect metal ions, however, detecting trace Co2+ under high saline conditions can be challenging. Similarly, existing Co2+ treatment methods are prone to secondary pollution and have high energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to find an efficient and non-polluting method for Co2+ detection and treatment. This study successfully synthesized nitrogen-rich carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) using a one-step solvothermal method. The prepared N-CQDs exhibited excellent fluorescence and high salt tolerance. The simultaneous detection and treatment of trace Co2+ in water under high salinity conditions were achieved for the first time. The response of the N-CQDs to Co2+ under saline condition was linear in the range of 5-250 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2269 μM. Feasibility of practical application was assessed by quantitative detection of Co2+ in real water samples. Furthermore, the N-CQDs can treat Co2+, and the removal rate was 99.98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China; Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Meiyu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Yize Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Tengda Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Ruoyao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Erhong Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China; Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China.
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22
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One-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots for paper-based electrochemiluminescence detection of Cu2+ ions. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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Kamyabi MA, Moharramnezhad M. Single-step microwave synthesis of a novel ternary nanocomposite as an efficient luminophore and boron nitride quantum dots as a new coreactant for a cathodic ECL monitoring of chlorpyrifos. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:750-762. [PMID: 35112124 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01687c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel and innovative enzyme-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) pesticide probe based on a ternary nanocomposite, CuS/CQDs/g-C3N4NS, was demonstrated for the accurate monitoring of chlorpyrifos. Boron nitride quantum dots were introduced as a new and effective coreactant in comparison with other coreactants, such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxydisulfate, and tripropylamine, in the negative potential range for the first time. The nanocomposite as a promoted luminophore was synthesized by a one-pot microwave route. Carbon quantum dots and copper sulfide nanostructures were truly incorporated on the porous graphitized carbon nitride, which displayed a good cooperative effect on the signal improvement. CuS as a co-reaction accelerator and CQDs with a superior luminescence effect produced more radical species, and thus, the ECL signal was amplified. Upon increasing the appropriate concentration of this coreactant in electrolyte media, the signal intensity of the nanocomposite increases. A low detection limit of 3.0 × 10-16 M and a wide range from 2.0 × 10-15 to 7.0 × 10-9 M were gained. Also, the fabricated pesticide sensor presented excellent repeatability for 20 consecutive optical signals, with a RSD of about 1.4%. Owing to its high proficiency, the developed sensor was applied as a new probe for chlorpyrifos analysis in water and fruit samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Kamyabi
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Postal Code 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Moharramnezhad
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Postal Code 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran.
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John BK, Abraham T, Mathew B. A Review on Characterization Techniques for Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Agrochemical Residue Detection. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:449-471. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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25
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Behi M, Gholami L, Naficy S, Palomba S, Dehghani F. Carbon dots: a novel platform for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:353-376. [PMID: 36132691 PMCID: PMC9419304 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00559f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a recently synthesised class of carbon-based nanostructures known as zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterials, which have drawn a great deal of attention owing to their distinctive features, which encompass optical properties (e.g., photoluminescence), ease of passivation, low cost, simple synthetic route, accessibility of precursors and other properties. These newly synthesised nano-sized materials can replace traditional semiconductor quantum dots, which exhibit significant toxicity drawbacks and higher cost. It is demonstrated that their involvement in diverse areas of chemical and bio-sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and light-emitting devices consider them as flawless and potential candidates for biomedical application. In this review, we provide a classification of CDs within their extended families, an overview of the different methods of CDs preparation, especially from natural sources, i.e., environmentally friendly and their unique photoluminescence properties, thoroughly describing the peculiar aspects of their applications in the biomedical field, where we think they will thrive as the next generation of quantum emitters. We believe that this review covers a niche that was not reviewed by other similar publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Behi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney Sydney 2006 Australia
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Leila Gholami
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science Mashhad Iran
| | - Sina Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney Sydney 2006 Australia
| | - Stefano Palomba
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney Sydney 2006 Australia
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26
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Ai L, Shi R, Yang J, Zhang K, Zhang T, Lu S. Efficient Combination of G-C 3 N 4 and CDs for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance: A Review of Synthesis, Strategies, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007523. [PMID: 33683817 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, heterogeneous photocatalysts have achieved much interest on account of their great potential applications in resolving many tough energy and environmental troubles around the world through an ecologically sustainable way. Heterogeneous nanocomposites composed of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) and carbon dots (CDs) possess broad spectrum absorption, appropriate electronic band structures, rapid carrier mobility, abundant reserves, excellent chemical stability, and facile synthesis methods, which make them promising composite photocatalysts for suitable applications such as photocatalytic solar fuels production and contaminant decomposition. With the rapid development in photocatalysis by hybridization of g-C3 N4 and CDs, a systematic summary and prospection of performance improvement are urgent and meaningful. This review first focuses on various kinds of effectively synthetic methods of composites. Following, the strategies available for enhanced performance, including morphology optimization, spectral absorption improvement, ternary or quaternary composition hybrid, lateral or vertical heterostructures construction, heteroatom doping, and so forth, are fully discussed. Then, the applications mainly in efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction, and organic pollutants degradation are systematically demonstrated. Finally, the remaining issues and prospect of further development are proposed as some kind of guidance for powerful combination of g-C3 N4 and CDs with high efficiency to photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ai
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Run Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kan Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Tierui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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27
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Green synthesis of nanocarbon dots using hydrothermal carbonization of lysine amino acid and its application in detection of duloxetine. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Dandia A, Saini P, Sethi M, Kumar K, Saini S, Meena S, Meena S, Parewa V. Nanocarbons in quantum regime: An emerging sustainable catalytic platform for organic synthesis. CATALYSIS REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2021.1985866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Mukul Sethi
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Savita Meena
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Swati Meena
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
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29
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Maruthapandi M, Saravanan A, Das P, Luong JHT, Gedanken A. Microbial inhibition and biosensing with multifunctional carbon dots: Progress and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107843. [PMID: 34624454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) and their doped counterparts including nitrogen-doped CDs (N@CDs) have been synthesized by bottom-up or top-down approaches from different precursors. The attractiveness of such emerging 2D‑carbon-based nanosized materials is attributed to their excellent biocompatibility, preparation, aqueous dispersibility, and functionality. The antimicrobial, optical, and electrochemical properties of CDs have been advocated for two important biotechnological applications: bacterial eradication and sensing/biosensing. CDs as well as N@CDs act as antimicrobial agents as their surfaces encompass functional hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino groups that generate free radicals. As a new class of photoluminescent nanomaterials, CDs can be employed in diversified analytics. CDs with surface carboxyl or amino groups form nanocomposites with nanomaterials or be conjugated with biorecognition molecules toward the development of sensors/biosensors. The deployment of conductive CDs in electrochemical sensing has also increased significantly because of their quantum size, excellent biocompatibility, enzyme-mimicking activity, and high surface area. The review also addresses the ongoing challenges and promises of CDs in pathogenesis and analytics. Perspectives on the future possibilities include the use of CDs in microbial viability assay, wound healing, antiviral therapy, and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moorthy Maruthapandi
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Arumugam Saravanan
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Poushali Das
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - John H T Luong
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
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30
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Abstract
Graphene quantum dots, carbon nanomaterials with excellent fluorescence characteristics, are advantageous for use in biological systems owing to their small size, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility. We used the hydrothermal method to prepare functional N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) from 1,3,6-trinitropyrene and analyzed their ability to fluorescently stain various bacteria. Our results showed that N-CQDs stain the cell septa and membrane of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonellaenteritidis, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus and the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. The optimal concentration of N-CQDs was approximately 500 ppm for Gram-negative bacteria and 1000 ppm for Gram-positive bacteria, and the exposure times varied with bacteria. N-Doped carbon quantum dots have better light stability and higher photobleaching resistance than the commercially available FM4-64. When excited at two different wavelengths, N-CQDs can emit light of both red and green wavelengths, making them ideal for bioimaging. They can also specifically stain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell membranes. We developed an inexpensive, relatively easy, and bio-friendly method to synthesize an N-CQD composite. Additionally, they can serve as a universal bacterial membrane-staining dye, with better photobleaching resistance than commercial dyes.
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31
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Yanyan Z, Lin J, Xie L, Tang H, Wang K, Liu J. One-Step Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots With Anodic Electrochemiluminescence for Sensitive Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose. Front Chem 2021; 9:688358. [PMID: 34150720 PMCID: PMC8207508 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.688358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple and efficient synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) remains a great challenge. Herein, we present an anodic ECL-sensing platform based on nitrogen-doped GQDs (N-GQDs), which enables sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose. N-GQDs are easily prepared using one-step molecular fusion between carbon precursor and a dopant in an alkaline hydrothermal process. The synthesis is simple, green, and has high production yield. The as-prepared N-GQDs exhibit a single graphene-layered structure, uniform size, and good crystalline. In the presence of H2O2, N-GQDs possess high anodic ECL activity owing to the functional hydrazide groups. With N-GQDs being ECL probes, sensitive detection of H2O2 in the range of 0.3–100.0 μM with a limit of detection or LOD of 63 nM is achieved. As the oxidation of glucose catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx) produces H2O2, sensitive detection of glucose is also realized in the range of 0.7–90.0 μM (LOD of 96 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yanyan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Liuhong Xie
- The First Clinical Faculty of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Hongliang Tang
- Affiliated Fangchenggang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Fangchenggang, China
| | - Kailong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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32
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Ray P, Moitra P, Pan D. Emerging theranostic applications of carbon dots and its variants. VIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Ray
- Department of Chemical Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Chemical Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Pediatrics Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Chemical Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Pediatrics Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore Maryland USA
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33
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Fichera L, Li-Destri G, Tuccitto N. Nanoparticles as suitable messengers for molecular communication. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22386-22397. [PMID: 33150913 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06999j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular communication (MoCo) is a new paradigm of bio-inspired communication in which the transport of information occurs through information particles instead of electromagnetic waves. Herein, the enormous potential of nanoparticles in this field is highlighted. The MoCo concept has been extensively modelled both theoretically and computationally within the scientific community, mainly in the field of engineering. We collected the most relevant findings about the implementation of prototypal MoCo platforms by exploiting nanoparticles as informative nanomessengers and herein the theoretical and computational modelling used to design MoCo systems is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fichera
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanotechnology-CSGI, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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34
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Hassanvand Z, Jalali F, Nazari M, Parnianchi F, Santoro C. Carbon Nanodots in Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maryam Nazari
- Faculty of Chemistry Razi University Kermanshah Iran
| | | | - Carlo Santoro
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of Manchester The Mill Sackville Street Manchester M13PAL UK
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35
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Alaghmandfard A, Sedighi O, Tabatabaei Rezaei N, Abedini AA, Malek Khachatourian A, Toprak MS, Seifalian A. Recent advances in the modification of carbon-based quantum dots for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111756. [PMID: 33545897 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CDs) are mainly divided into two sub-groups; carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which exhibit outstanding photoluminescence (PL) properties, low toxicity, superior biocompatibility and facile functionalization. Regarding these features, they have been promising candidates for biomedical science and engineering applications. In this work, we reviewed the efforts made to modify these zero-dimensional nano-materials to obtain the best properties for bio-imaging, drug and gene delivery, cancer therapy, and bio-sensor applications. Five main surface modification techniques with outstanding results are investigated, including doping, surface functionalization, polymer capping, nano-composite and core-shell structures, and the drawbacks and challenges in each of these methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omid Sedighi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Tabatabaei Rezaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Abedini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Muhammet S Toprak
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd) London BioScience Innovation Centre 2 Royal College Street, London NW1 0NH, UK.
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Khan ZG, Patil PO. A comprehensive review on carbon dots and graphene quantum dots based fluorescent sensor for biothiols. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin using silver carbon quantum dots and functionalized polymer nanospheres. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:482. [PMID: 32749541 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A composite, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doped with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), was prepared by using binary reductants of sodium citrate and hydrazine hydrate. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized by papaya peel combined with silver ions to form a CQDs-loaded silver nanoparticle (AgCQDs) nanocomposite. Polymer nanospheres (PNS) were generated via the infinite coordination polymer of ferrocene dicarboxylic acid and employed as carriers to load AgCQDs. The prepared AgCQDs@PNS-PEI has good biocompatibility and electrical conductivity and can be used as a matrix for the immobilization of a secondary antibody (Ab2). A sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor using AgCQDs@PNS-PEI nanocomposite as probe has been developed for the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The proposed immunosensor exhibits a linear range from 0.00100 to 500 mIU mL-1 and the detection limit is 0.33 μIU mL-1 (S/N = 3) under optimal conditions. The sensor exhibits excellent selectivity, good reproducibility, and high stability. These features demonstrate that the proposed method has promising potential for clinical protein detection and displays a new strategy to fabricate an immunosensor. Graphical abstract.
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Ghanem A, Al-Qassar Bani Al-Marjeh R, Atassi Y. Novel nitrogen-doped carbon dots prepared under microwave-irradiation for highly sensitive detection of mercury ions. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03750. [PMID: 32322729 PMCID: PMC7168745 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, new nitrogen doped carbon dots with a high quantum yield and novel optical properties were synthesized by a simple and fast one step microwave-assisted synthesis. Citric acid monohydrate was used as a carbon source and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine as nitrogen source. The prepared N-CDs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Raman, UV-visible and photoluminescence spectroscopies. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images revealed that the N-CDs have distinctive flake-shape morphology. The N-CDs exhibit bright blue luminescence and quenching response towards Hg2+ ions. The quenching sensitivity was investigated. The results indicate a limit of detection as low as 7.63 nM and a linear relationship over the range 0-4.2 μM. In addition, the prepared N-CDs were tested as sensor for pH in the range from 1 to 7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yomen Atassi
- Department of Applied Physics, Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology, Damascus, Syria
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Alarfaj NA, El-Tohamy MF, Oraby HF. New Immunosensing-Fluorescence Detection of Tumor Marker Cytokeratin-19 Fragment (CYFRA 21-1) Via Carbon Quantum Dots/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:12. [PMID: 31940100 PMCID: PMC6962423 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-3247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The rapid detection of lung cancer in early stages using the antigen cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) as a tumor marker in human serum plays an important role in the survival of patients and taking a fast surgical reaction. This study aimed to employ the green synthesized carbon quantum dots conjugated zinc oxide nanocomposite as a highly sensitive fluorescence immunosensing solution for fast determination of CYFRA 21-1 antigen in human serum. The suggested method was conducted by applying a hydrothermal method to prepare carbon quantum dots using Citrus lemon pericarp. The formed carbon quantum dots were used in the reduction and stabilization of zinc acetate to synthesize carbon quantum dots-zinc oxide nanocomposite. To form a sandwich capping antibody-antigen-antibody immunosensing system, a CYFRA 21-1 antigen was trapped by immobilizing a non-conjugated monoclonal antibody BM 19.21 on the surface of carbon quantum dots-zinc oxide nanocomposite and another monoclonal antibody KS 19.1, which was coated on the microtiter well surface. This system has a tunable fluorescence feature recorded at excitation and emission of λex = 470 and λem = 520 nm, respectively. The suggested nanocomposite fluorescence immunosensing system displayed a linear relationship of 0.01-100 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.008 ng mL-1. The suggested immunosensing system based on carbon quantum dots-zinc oxide nanocomposite provides a promising approach for rapid diagnoses of lung cancer by detecting CYFRA 21-1 in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Ahmed Alarfaj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495 Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Farouk El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Farouk Oraby
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yang S, Chu M, Du J, Li Y, Gai T, Tan X, Xia B, Wang S. Graphene quantum dot electrochemiluminescence increase by bio-generated H 2O 2 and its application in direct biosensing. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191404. [PMID: 32218958 PMCID: PMC7029901 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel signal-increase electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor has been developed for the detection of glucose based on graphene quantum dot/glucose oxidase (GQD/GOx) on Ti foil. The proposed GQD with excellent ECL ability is synthesized through a green one-step strategy by the electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide quantum dot. Upon the addition of glucose, GOx can catalytically oxidize glucose and the direct electron transfer between the redox centre of GOx and the modified electrode also has been realized, which results in the bio-generated H2O2 for ECL signal increase in GQD and realizes the direct ECL detection of glucose. The signal-increase ECL biosensor enables glucose detection with high sensitivity reaching 5 × 10-6 mol l-1 in a wide linear range from 5 × 10-6 to 1.5 × 10-3 mol l-1. Additionally, the fabrication process of such GQD-based ECL biosensor is also suitable to other biologically produced H2O2 system, suggesting the possible applications in the sensitive detection of other biologically important targets (e.g. small molecules, protein, DNA and so on).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Binyuan Xia
- Authors for correspondence: Binyuan Xia e-mail:
| | - Shaofei Wang
- Authors for correspondence: Shaofei Wang e-mail:
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Dong G, Lang K, Ouyang H, Zhang W, Bai L, Chen S, Zhang Z, Gao Y, Mu Z, Zhao X. Facile synthesis of N, P-doped carbon dots from maize starch via a solvothermal approach for the highly sensitive detection of Fe3+. RSC Adv 2020; 10:33483-33489. [PMID: 35515017 PMCID: PMC9056727 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06209j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen/phosphorus-doped carbon dots (N, P-CDs) with a quantum yield as high as 76.5% were synthesized by carbonizing maize starch via a facile ethanol solvothermal approach and utilized for the detection of Fe3+.
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Venkateswara Raju C, Kalaiyarasan G, Paramasivam S, Joseph J, Senthil Kumar S. Phosphorous doped carbon quantum dots as an efficient solid state electrochemiluminescence platform for highly sensitive turn-on detection of Cu2+ ions. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xia C, Zhu S, Feng T, Yang M, Yang B. Evolution and Synthesis of Carbon Dots: From Carbon Dots to Carbonized Polymer Dots. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901316. [PMID: 31832313 PMCID: PMC6891914 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the various synthesis methods to obtain carbon dots (CDs), the bottom-up methods are still the most widely administrated route to afford large-scale and low-cost synthesis. However, as CDs are developed with increasing reports involved in producing many CDs, the structure and property features have changed enormously compared with the first generation of CDs, raising classification concerns. To this end, a new classification of CDs, named carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), is summarized according to the analysis of structure and property features. Here, CPDs are revealed as an emerging class of CDs with distinctive polymer/carbon hybrid structures and properties. Furthermore, deep insights into the effects of synthesis on the structure/property features of CDs are provided. Herein, the synthesis methods of CDs are also summarized in detail, and the effects of synthesis conditions of the bottom-up methods in terms of the structures and properties of CPDs are discussed and analyzed comprehensively. Insights into formation process and nucleation mechanism of CPDs are also offered. Finally, a perspective of the future development of CDs is proposed with critical insights into facilitating their potential in various application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and NanomedicineNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institutes of Health35 Convent DrBethesda20892MDUSA
| | - Tanglue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Mingxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033P. R. China
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Kannan P, Chen J, Su F, Guo Z, Huang Y. Faraday-Cage-Type Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay: A Rise of Advanced Biosensing Strategy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14792-14802. [PMID: 31692335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence immunoassays are usually carried out through "on-electrode" strategy, i.e., sandwich-type immunoassay format, the sensitivity of which is restricted by two key bottlenecks: (1) the number of signal labels is limited and (2) only a part of signal labels could participate in the electrode reaction. In this Perspective, we discuss the development of an "in-electrode" Faraday-cage-type concept-based immunocomplex immobilization strategy. The biggest difference from the traditional sandwich-type one is that the designed "in-electrode" Faraday-cage-type immunoassay uses a conductive two-dimensional (2-D) nanomaterial simultaneously coated with signal labels and a recognition component as the detection unit, which could directly overlap on the electrode surface. In such a case, electrons could flow freely from the electrode to the detection unit, the outer Helmholtz plane (OHP) of the electrode is extended, and thousands of signal labels coated on the 2-D nanomaterial are all electrochemically "effective." Thus, then, the above-mentioned bottlenecks obstructing the improvement of the sensitivity in sandwich-type immunoassay are eliminated, and as a result a much higher sensitivity of the Faraday-cage-type immunoassay can be obtained. And, the applications of the proposed versatile "in-electrode" Faraday-cage-type immunoassay have been explored in the detection of target polypeptide, protein, pathogen, and microRNA, with the detection sensitivity improved tens to hundreds of times. Finally, the outlook and challenges in the field are summarized. The rise of Faraday-cage-type electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (FCT-ECLIA)-based biosensing strategies opens new horizons for a wide range of early clinical identification and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Kannan
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) , Ningbo 315201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fengmei Su
- National Engineering Research Centre for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , People's Republic of China
| | - Youju Huang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou 311121 , People's Republic of China
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Tian XT, Yin XB. Carbon Dots, Unconventional Preparation Strategies, and Applications Beyond Photoluminescence. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901803. [PMID: 31240816 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (C-dots) are generally separated into graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon nanodots (CNDs) based on their respective top-down and bottom-up preparation processes. However, GQDs can be prepared by carbonization of small-molecule precursors as revealed with unconventional preparation strategies. Thus, it is their structures rather than their precursors and preparation strategy that govern whether C-dots are GQDs or CNDs. Here, the composites, structure, and electronic properties of C-dots are discussed. C-dots generally consist of a graphite-like core and amorphous oxygen-containing shell. When graphite becomes C-dots, its conduction and valence bands are separated, and the quantum confinement effect appears. Combined with the light-harvesting ability inherited from graphite, electrons in the core of C-dots are transferred from conduction to valence bands, leading to electron-hole pair formation upon light excitation. The photoexcitation activities, such as photovoltaic conversion, photocatalysis, and photodynamic therapy, are influenced by the electronic properties of the core. Different to the semiconductor properties of core, the C-dot shell is electrochemically active, leading to electrochemiluminescence (ECL). The oxygen-containing groups in shell can conjugate to functional species for use in imaging and therapy. The applications of C-dots beyond photoluminescence, including ECL, solar photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and theranostics, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Tao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical, Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xue-Bo Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical, Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Liu Y, Nie Y, Wang M, Zhang Q, Ma Q. Distance-dependent plasmon-enhanced electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on MoS 2 nanosheets. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 148:111823. [PMID: 31671357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nonmetallic plasmonic MoS2 nanosheets were synthesized by hydrothermal top-down method. MoS2 nanosheets had shown strong surface plasmon coupling (SPC) light absorption in the visible and near-infrared region. Herein, the nonmetallic plasmonic MoS2 nanosheets were employed to enhance the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal of sulfur doped boron nitrogen QDs (S-BN QDs) in this work. It is important to regulate the distance between ECL luminophore and plasmonic nanoparticles. On one hand, too closed distance can cause energy or electron transfer, which could quench the ECL intensity of nano-luminophore. On the other hand, plasmonic nanostructure cannot significantly affect the luminescence in the far distance. Therefore, we discussed the distance-dependent plasmon-enhanced ECL in detail with different length DNA chains. Furthermore, we constructed a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification ECL sensing mode with the SPC-ECL strategy. The proposed DNA sensor can quantify hepatitis C virus (HCV) gene from 0.5 pmoL/L to 1 nmoL/L with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.17 pmoL/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China; Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yixin Nie
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Electrochemiluminescent Chemosensors for Clinical Applications: A Review. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-019-3301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhu R, Zhang Y, Wang J, Yue C, Fang W, Dang J, Zhao H, Li Z. A novel anodic electrochemiluminescence behavior of sulfur-doped carbon nitride nanosheets in the presence of nitrogen-doped carbon dots and its application for detecting folic acid. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7137-7146. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Xu Y, Fan Y, Zhang L, Wang Q, Fu H, She Y. A novel enhanced fluorescence method based on multifunctional carbon dots for specific detection of Hg 2+ in complex samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 220:117109. [PMID: 31141775 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), especially originated from biomass, have emerged as a rising star for the construction of metal ion sensor because they can serve as sensitive, selective and biocompatible probes. The present work describes a novel kind of ascorbic acid (AA)-enhanced CQDs which are synthesized with a kind of famous green teas, Maojian, serving as carbon source. Compared with the CQDs only based on Maojian teas, citric acid (CA)-enhanced and ascorbic acid (AA)-enhanced CQDs had the enhanced fluorescence intensity, and different response characteristics. In addition, the (AA)-enhanced CQDs showed more sensitive and specific fluorescence response to Hg2+ than simple ones, with a detection limit of 6.32 × 10-9 nmol·L-1. A linear response range from 2.00 × 10-7 mol·L-1 to 6.00 × 10-5 mol·L-1 was also achieved. The (AA)-enhanced CQDs also demonstrate good stability. They could effectively sense the Hg2+ in complex samples including waste water, tea and rice. Therefore, these versatile (AA)-enhanced CQDs fluorescence method hold a promising potential in other promising applications such as pharmaceutical quality, environmental quality, and food safety monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yao Fan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Yuanbin She
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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