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Mirabootalebi SO, Liu Y. Recent advances in nanomaterial-based solid-contact ion-selective electrodes. Analyst 2024; 149:3694-3710. [PMID: 38885067 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00334a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) are advanced potentiometric sensors with great capability to detect a wide range of ions for the monitoring of industrial processes and environmental pollutants, as well as the determination of electrolytes for clinical analysis. Over the past decades, the innovative design of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs), specifically SC-ISEs, to improve potential stability and miniaturization for in situ/real-time analysis, has attracted considerable interest. Recently, the utilisation of nanomaterials was particularly prominent in SC-ISEs due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. In this article, we review the recent applications of various types of nanostructured materials that are composed of carbon, metals and polymers for the development of SC-ISEs. The challenges and opportunities in this field, along with the prospects for future applications of nanomaterials in SC-ISEs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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2
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Gao L, Tian Y, Gao W, Xu G. Recent Developments and Challenges in Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4289. [PMID: 39001071 PMCID: PMC11244314 DOI: 10.3390/s24134289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) have the advantages of easy miniaturization, even chip integration, easy carrying, strong stability, and more favorable detection in complex environments. They have been widely used in conjunction with portable, wearable, and intelligent detection devices, as well as in on-site analysis and timely monitoring in the fields of environment, industry, and medicine. This article provides a comprehensive review of the composition of sensors based on redox capacitive and double-layer capacitive SC-ISEs, as well as the ion-electron transduction mechanisms in the solid-contact (SC) layer, particularly focusing on strategies proposed in the past three years (since 2021) for optimizing the performance of SC-ISEs. These strategies include the construction of ion-selective membranes, SC layer, and conductive substrates. Finally, the future research direction and possibilities in this field are discussed and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China;
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Wenyue Gao
- Shandong Provincial Center for In-Situ Marine Sensors, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Solid-state ion-selective electrodes for the first potentiometric determination of the anti-COVID 19 drug Remdesivir in human plasma; A comparative study. Microchem J 2023; 190:108658. [PMID: 36970552 PMCID: PMC10028218 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Establishing sensitive and targeted analytical methodologies for drug identification in biological fluids as well as screening of treatments that can counteract the most severe COVID-19 infection-related side effects are of utmost importance. Here, first attempts have been made for determination of the anti-COVID drug Remdesivir (RDS) in human plasma using four potentiometric sensors. Calixarene-8 (CX8) was used as an ionophore applied to the first electrode (Sensor I). The second had a layer of dispersed graphene nanocomposite coating (Sensor II). (Sensor III) was fabricated using nanoparticles of polyaniline (PANI) as ion-to–electron transducer. A reverse-phase polymerization using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was employed to create a graphene-polyaniline (G/PANI) nanocomposite electrode (Sensor IV). Surface morphology was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). UV absorption spectra and Fourier Transform Ion Spectrophotometry (FTIR) also supported their structural characterization. The impact of graphene and polyaniline integration on the functionality and durability of the manufactured sensors was examined using the water layer test and signal drift. In the ranges of concentration of 10−7 to 10−2 mol/L and 10−7 to 10−3, sensors II & IV exhibited linear responses; respectively while sensors I & III displayed linearity within 10−6 to 10−2 mol/L. The target drug was easily detectable using LOD down to 100 nmol/L. The developed sensors satisfactorily offered sensitive, stable, selective and accurate estimate of Remdesivir (RDS) in its pharmaceutical formulation as well as spiked human plasma with recoveries ranging from 91.02 to 95.76 % with average standard deviations less than 1.85. The suggested procedure was approved in accordance with ICH recommendations.
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Han T, Song T, Bao Y, Wang W, He Y, Liu Z, Gan S, Han D, Bobacka J, Niu L. Fast and sensitive coulometric signal transduction for ion-selective electrodes by utilizing a two-compartment cell. Talanta 2023; 262:124623. [PMID: 37244238 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Here, we propose a fast and sensitive coulometric signal transduction method for ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) by utilizing a two-compartment cell. A potassium ion-selective electrode (K+-ISE) was connected as reference electrode (RE) and placed in the sample compartment. A glassy carbon (GC) electrode coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (GC/PEDOT), or reduced graphene oxide (GC/RGO), was connected as working electrode (WE) and placed in the detection compartment together with a counter electrode (CE). The two compartments were connected with an Ag/AgCl wire. The measured cumulated charge was amplified by increasing the capacitance of the WE. The observed slope of the cumulated charge with respect to the change of the logarithm of the K+ ion activity was linearly proportional to the capacitance of the GC/PEDOT and GC/RGO, estimated from impedance spectra. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the coulometric signal transduction using a commercial K+-ISE with internal filling solution as RE and GC/RGO as WE allowed to decrease the response time while still being able to detect a 0.2% change in K+ concentration. The coulometric method utilizing a two-compartment cell was found to be feasible for the determination of K+ concentrations in serum. The advantage of this two-compartment approach, compared to the coulometric transduction described earlier, was that no current passed through the K+-ISE that was connected as RE. Therefore, current-induced polarization of the K+-ISE was avoided. Furthermore, since the GCE/PEDOT and GCE/RGO (used as WE) had a low impedance, the response time of the coulometric response decreased from minutes to seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Tao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yu Bao
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ying He
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhenbang Liu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shiyu Gan
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510230, PR China
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Åbo Akademi University, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Henriksgatan 2, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Kozma J, Papp S, Gyurcsányi RE. Highly hydrophobic TEMPO-functionalized conducting copolymers for solid-contact ion-selective electrodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 150:108352. [PMID: 36563456 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SCISEs) emerged as the best electrode embodiment for miniaturized, wearable and disposable sensors for ion/electrolyte measurements in body fluids. The commercialization of inexpensive single-use "calibration-free" electrodes requires large scale manufacturing of electrodes with reproducible calibration parameters, e.g. E0. This is perhaps the most important shortcoming of SCISEs, beside the many advantages over their conventional liquid-contact counterparts. However, adjusting the E0 value for optimal potential stability is challenging for all state-of-the-art solid-contact materials, which may combine several types of transducing mechanism (e.g. capacitive and redox materials or their combination) for enhanced potential stability and analytical performance. Therefore, here we introduce for the first time the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) to determine the best preadjusment potential. The proof of concept is shown for a novel type of solid-contact based on the copolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene with perfluorinated alkyl side chain (EDOTF) and (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl modified 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT-TEMPO). Such materials that are compliant with local electrodeposition and provide multiple functionalities, i.e. high hydrophobicity by the perfluorinated alkyl side chain, electron-to-ion transduction by the conducting polymer (EDOT) backbone and the confinement of well-defined redox couple (TEMPO), are expected to prevail as solid-contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Kozma
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-BME Lendület Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Soma Papp
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-BME Lendület Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert E Gyurcsányi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-BME Lendület Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
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Antimicrobial and mechanical performance of epoxy/graphene-based powder coatings. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-022-01107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Han T, Song T, Bao Y, Sun Z, Ma Y, He Y, Gan S, Jiang D, Han D, Bobacka J, Niu L. Amperometric response of solid-contact ion-selective electrodes utilizing a two-compartment cell and a redox couple in solution. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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8
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Zhang Y, Tang Y, Liang R, Zhong L, Xu J, Lu H, Xu X, Han T, Bao Y, Ma Y, Gan S, Niu L. Carbon-Based Transducers for Solid-Contact Calcium Ion-Selective Electrodes: Mesopore and Nitrogen-Doping Effects. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:903. [PMID: 36135922 PMCID: PMC9505166 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) exhibit great potential in the detection of routine and portable ions which rely on solid-contact (SC) materials for the transduction of ions to electron signals. Carbon-based materials are state-of-the-art SC transducers due to their high electrical double-layer (EDL) capacitance and hydrophobicity. However, researchers have long searched for ways to enhance the interfacial capacitance in order to improve the potential stability. Herein, three representative carbon-based SC materials including nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (NMC), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were compared. The results disclose that the NMC has the highest EDL capacitance owing to its mesopore structure and N-doping while maintaining high hydrophobicity so that no obvious water-layer effect was observed. The Ca2+-SC-ISEs based on the SC of NMC exhibited high potential stability compared with RGO and CNT. This work offers a guideline for the development of carbon-material-based SC-ISEs through mesoporous and N-doping engineering to improve the interfacial capacitance. The developed NMC-based solid-contact Ca2+-SC-ISE exhibited a Nernstian slope of 26.3 ± 3.1 mV dec-1 ranging from 10 μM to 0.1 M with a detection limit of 3.2 μM. Finally, a practical application using NMC-based SC-ISEs was demonstrated through Ca2+ ion analysis in mineral water and soil leaching solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lijie Zhong
- Correspondence: Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.N.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Niu
- Correspondence: Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.N.)
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Yeung KK, Li J, Huang T, Hosseini II, Al Mahdi R, Alam MM, Sun H, Mahshid S, Yang J, Ye TT, Gao Z. Utilizing Gradient Porous Graphene Substrate as the Solid-Contact Layer To Enhance Wearable Electrochemical Sweat Sensor Sensitivity. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6647-6654. [PMID: 35943807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sweat monitoring represents an attractive opportunity for personalized healthcare and for evaluating sports performance. One of the limitations with such monitoring, however, is water layer formation upon cycling of ion-selective sensors, leading to degraded sensitivity and long-term instability. Our report is the first to use chemical vapor deposition-grown, three-dimensional, graphene-based, gradient porous electrodes to minimize such water layer formation. The proposed design reduces the ion diffusion path within the polymeric ion-selective membrane and enhances the electroactive surface for highly sensitive, real-time detection of Na+ ions in human sweat with high selectivity. We obtained a 7-fold enhancement in electroactive surface against 2D electrodes (e.g., carbon, gold), yielding a sensitivity of 65.1 ± 0.25 mV decade-1 (n = 3, RSD = 0.39%), the highest to date for wearable Na+ sweat sensors. The on-body sweat sensing performance is comparable to that of ICP-MS, suggesting its feasibility for health evaluation through sweat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Kan Yeung
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Imman I Hosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Rakib Al Mahdi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Md Masruck Alam
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Honglin Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sara Mahshid
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Jian Yang
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Terry Tao Ye
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhaoli Gao
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Cui X, Bao Y, Han T, Liu Z, Ma Y, Sun Z. A wearable electrochemical sensor based on β-CD functionalized graphene for pH and potassium ion analysis in sweat. Talanta 2022; 245:123481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhai J, Luo B, Li A, Dong H, Jin X, Wang X. Unlocking All-Solid Ion Selective Electrodes: Prospects in Crop Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5541. [PMID: 35898054 PMCID: PMC9331676 DOI: 10.3390/s22155541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the development of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ASSISEs) for agricultural crop detection. Both nutrient ions and heavy metal ions inside and outside the plant have a significant influence on crop growth. This review begins with the detection principle of ASSISEs. The second section introduces the key characteristics of ASSISE and demonstrates its feasibility in crop detection based on previous research. The third section considers the development of ASSISEs in the detection of corps internally and externally (e.g., crop nutrition, heavy metal pollution, soil salinization, N enrichment, and sensor miniaturization, etc.) and discusses the interference of the test environment. The suggestions and conclusions discussed in this paper may provide the foundation for additional research into ion detection for crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhai
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (J.Z.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (H.D.); (X.J.)
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (J.Z.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (H.D.); (X.J.)
| | - Aixue Li
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (J.Z.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (H.D.); (X.J.)
| | - Hongtu Dong
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (J.Z.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (H.D.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaotong Jin
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (J.Z.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (H.D.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (J.Z.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (H.D.); (X.J.)
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