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Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation Reaction on a 4-Mercaptopyridine Self-Assembled Monolayer on Au(111) Metallized by Platinum Nanoislands. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA systematic investigation of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction (HPOR) in phosphate buffer (pH = 7.3) on an Au(111) single crystal modified with a 4-mercaptopyridine self-assembled monolayer (SAM) has been conducted before and after metallization with Pt. While bare Au(111) shows considerable electrocatalytic activity towards the HPOR, the inhibition of the oxidation reaction after modification with the SAM implies that adsorbed 4-mercaptopyridine molecules do not catalyze the HPOR. However, SAM-modified Au(111) recovers catalytic activity for the HPOR already after a single metallization step fabricating Pt islands on-top. Hydrogen peroxide (HP) may then either react at the (non-metallic) Pt nanoislands or on reactivated Au sites, made accessible by structural changes of the SAM induced by the metallization. The shape of the voltammetric profiles for the HPOR on repeatedly metallized SAMs suggests that the contribution of Au to the total current density gradually diminishes with increasing Pt coverage while the contribution of the Pt islands increases. The electrochemical behavior is dominated by the Pt islands at a coverage of 0.5 ML obtained by three subsequent metallization steps.
Graphical abstract
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Nanofabrication Techniques in Large-Area Molecular Electronic Devices. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10176064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The societal impact of the electronics industry is enormous—not to mention how this industry impinges on the global economy. The foreseen limits of the current technology—technical, economic, and sustainability issues—open the door to the search for successor technologies. In this context, molecular electronics has emerged as a promising candidate that, at least in the short-term, will not likely replace our silicon-based electronics, but improve its performance through a nascent hybrid technology. Such technology will take advantage of both the small dimensions of the molecules and new functionalities resulting from the quantum effects that govern the properties at the molecular scale. An optimization of interface engineering and integration of molecules to form densely integrated individually addressable arrays of molecules are two crucial aspects in the molecular electronics field. These challenges should be met to establish the bridge between organic functional materials and hard electronics required for the incorporation of such hybrid technology in the market. In this review, the most advanced methods for fabricating large-area molecular electronic devices are presented, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Special emphasis is focused on bottom-up methodologies for the fabrication of well-ordered and tightly-packed monolayers onto the bottom electrode, followed by a description of the top-contact deposition methods so far used.
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Yao Z, Buck M, Bühl M. Density Functional Theory Study of Pd Aggregation on a Pyridine-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayer. Chemistry 2020; 26:10555-10563. [PMID: 32428284 PMCID: PMC7497155 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
By using density functional theory calculations, the initial steps towards Pd metal cluster formation on a pyridine-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) consisting of 3-(4-(pyridine-4-yl)phenyl)propane-1-thiol on an Au(1 1 1) surface are investigated. Theoretical modelling allows the investigation of structural details of the SAM surface and the metal/SAM interface at the atomic level, which is essential for elucidating the nature of Pd-SAM and Pd-Pd interactions at the liquid/solid interface and gaining insight into the mechanism of metal nucleation in the initial stage of electrodeposition. The structural flexibility of SAM molecules was studied first and the most stable conformation was identified, planar molecules in a herringbone packing, as the model for Pd adsorption. Two binding sites are found for Pd atoms on the pyridine end group of the SAM. The strong interaction between Pd atoms and pyridines illustrates the importance of SAM functionalisation in the metal nucleation process. Consistent with an energetic driving force of approximately -0.3 eV per Pd atom towards Pd aggregation suggested by static calculations, a spontaneous Pd dimerisation is observed in ab initio molecular dynamic studies of the system. Nudged elastic band calculations suggest a potential route with a low energy barrier of 0.10 eV for the Pd atom diffusion and then dimerisation on top of the SAM layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yao
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Manfred Buck
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Michael Bühl
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
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She Z, Yao Z, Ménard H, Tobish S, Lahaye D, Champness NR, Buck M. Coordination controlled electrodeposition and patterning of layers of palladium/copper nanoparticles on top of a self-assembled monolayer. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13773-13782. [PMID: 31305824 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03927a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A scheme for the generation of bimetallic nanoparticles is presented which combines electrodeposition of one type of metal, coordinated to a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), with another metal deposited from the bulk electrolyte. In this way PdCu nanoparticles are generated by initial complexation of Pd2+ to a SAM of 3-(4-(pyridine-4-yl)phenyl)propane-1-thiol (PyP3) on Au/mica and subsequent reduction in an acidic aqueous CuSO4 electrolyte. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that the onset of Cu deposition is triggered by Pd reduction. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) shows that layers of connected particles are formed with an average thickness of less than 3 nm and lateral dimensions of particles in the range of 2 to 5 nm. In X-ray photoelectron spectra a range of binding energies for the Pd 3d signal is observed whereas the Cu 2p signal appears at a single binding energy, even though chemically different Cu species are present: normal and more noble Cu. Up to three components are seen in the N 1s signal, one originating from protonated pyridine moieties, the others reflecting the SAM-metal interaction. It is suggested that the coordination controlled electrodeposition yields layers of particles composed of a Pd core and a Cu shell with a transition region of a PdCu alloy. Deposited on top of the PyP3 SAM, the PdCu particles exhibit weak adhesion which is exploited for patterning by selective removal of particles employing scanning probe techniques. The potential for patterning down to the sub-10 nm scale is demonstrated. Harnessing the deposition contrast between native and PdCu loaded PyP3 SAMs, structures thus created can be developed into patterned continuous layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe She
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Zhen Yao
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Hervé Ménard
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Science, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Sven Tobish
- Drochaid Research Services, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Dorothée Lahaye
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Neil R Champness
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Manfred Buck
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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Wattanavichean N, Gilby M, Nichols RJ, Arnolds H. Detection of Metal–Molecule–Metal Junction Formation by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2644-2651. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nungnit Wattanavichean
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Gilby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Heike Arnolds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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6
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Reduction of Pd2+ pre-adsorbed on cyanide-modified Pt(111) electrodes: Adlayer metallization vs. metal-on-metal deposition. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Müller H, Metzler M, Barth N, Conings B, Boyen HG, Jacob T, Kibler LA. Electrocatalytic Behavior of Pd and Pt Nanoislands Deposited onto 4,4′-Dithiodipyridine SAMs on Au(111). Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-018-0467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Lassoued K, Seydou M, Raouafi F, Larbi F, Lang P, Diawara B. DFT study of the adsorption and dissociation of 5-hydroxy-3-butanedithiol-1,4-naphthaquinone (Jug-C4-thiol) on Au(111) surface. ADSORPTION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-018-9932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yoshimoto S, Ogata H, Nishiyama K. Spontaneous electrodeposition of gold and platinum complexes through a coronene adlayer on Au(111). Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15902-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51443a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Muglali MI, Bashir A, Birkner A, Rohwerder M. Hydrogen as an optimum reducing agent for metallization of self-assembled monolayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32111d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Muglali MI, Liu J, Bashir A, Borissov D, Xu M, Wang Y, Wöll C, Rohwerder M. On the complexation kinetics for metallization of organic layers: palladium onto a pyridine-terminated araliphatic thiol film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4703-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40072c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Kučera J, Gross A. Reduced Pd density of states in Pd/SAM/Au junctions: the role of adsorbed hydrogen atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:2353-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp22740a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kučera
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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Formation of continuous platinum layer on top of an organic monolayer by electrochemical deposition followed by electroless deposition. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kučera J, Groß A. Influence of water on the properties of an Au/Mpy/Pd metal/molecule/metal junction. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 2:384-393. [PMID: 22003446 PMCID: PMC3190610 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.2.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The geometric and electronic structure of the metal-molecule interface in metal/molecule/metal junctions is of great interest since it affects the functionality of such units in possible nanoelectronic devices. We have investigated the interaction between water and a palladium monolayer of a Au(111)/4-mercaptopyridine/Pd junction by means of DFT calculations. A relatively strong bond between water and the palladium monolayer of the Au/Mpy/Pd complex is observed via a one-fold bond between the oxygen atom of the water molecule and a Pd atom. An isolated H(2)O molecule adsorbs preferentially in a flat-lying geometry on top of a palladium atom that is at the same time also bound to the nitrogen atom of a Mpy molecule of the underlying self-assembled monolayer. The electronic structure of these Pd atoms is considerably modified which is reflected in a reduced local density of states at the Fermi energy. At higher coverages, water can be arranged in a hexagonal ice-like bilayer structure in analogy to water on bulk metal surfaces, but with a much stronger binding which is dominated by O-Pd bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kučera
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Axel Groß
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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Koslowski B, Tschetschetkin A, Maurer N, Ziemann P. 4-Mercaptopyridine on Au(111): a scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:4045-50. [PMID: 21240399 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Koslowski
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Universität Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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18
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Muglali MI, Bashir A, Terfort A, Rohwerder M. Electrochemical investigations on stability and protonation behavior of pyridine-terminated aromatic self-assembled monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:15530-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Theoretical studies of Pd metal deposition on the √3×√3 4-mercaptopyridine self-assembled monolayer. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Keith JA, Jacob T. Atomic‐Level Elucidation of the Initial Stages of Self‐Assembled Monolayer Metallization and Nanoparticle Formation. Chemistry 2010; 16:12381-6. [PMID: 20845415 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Keith
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 47, 89081, Ulm (Germany), Fax: (+49) 731‐50‐25409
| | - Timo Jacob
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 47, 89081, Ulm (Germany), Fax: (+49) 731‐50‐25409
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Eberle F, Metzler M, Kolb DM, Saitner M, Wagner P, Boyen HG. Metallization of Ultra-Thin, Non-Thiol SAMs with Flat-Lying Molecular Units: Pd on 1, 4-Dicyanobenzene. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:2951-6. [PMID: 20715271 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Eberle
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
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García Raya D, Madueño R, Blázquez M, Pineda T. Formation of a 1,8-octanedithiol self-assembled monolayer on Au(111) prepared in a lyotropic liquid-crystalline medium. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:11790-11796. [PMID: 20578682 DOI: 10.1021/la101976x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A characterization of the 1,8-octanedithiol (ODT) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed from a Triton X-100 lyotropic medium has been conducted by electrochemical techniques. It is found that an ODT layer of standing-up molecules is obtained at short modification time without removing oxygen from the medium. The electrochemical study shows that the ODT layer formed after 15 min of modification time has similar electron-transfer blocking properties to the layers formed from organic solvents at much longer modification times. On the basis of XPS data, it is demonstrated that the inability to bind gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is due to the presence of extra ODT molecules either interdigited or on top of the layer. Treatment consisting of an acid washing step following the formation of the ODT-Au(111) SAM produces a layer that is able to attach AuNPs as demonstrated by electrochemical techniques and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel García Raya
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Eberle F, Saitner M, Boyen H, Kucera J, Gross A, Romanyuk A, Oelhafen P, D'Olieslaeger M, Manolova M, Kolb D. A Molecular Double Decker: Extending the Limits of Current Metal–Molecule Hybrid Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:341-5. [PMID: 19950157 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200905339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Eberle
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Marc Saitner
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
| | - Hans‐Gerd Boyen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
| | - Jan Kucera
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Axel Gross
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Andriy Romanyuk
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Peter Oelhafen
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Marc D'Olieslaeger
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
- IMEC, division IMOMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
| | - Mila Manolova
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Dieter M. Kolb
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
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Jin C, Xia W, Nagaiah TC, Guo J, Chen X, Li N, Bron M, Schuhmann W, Muhler M. Rh–RhSxnanoparticles grafted on functionalized carbon nanotubes as catalyst for the oxygenreduction reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b916192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Eberle F, Saitner M, Boyen H, Kucera J, Gross A, Romanyuk A, Oelhafen P, D'Olieslaeger M, Manolova M, Kolb D. A Molecular Double Decker: Extending the Limits of Current Metal–Molecule Hybrid Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200905339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Eberle
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Marc Saitner
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
| | - Hans‐Gerd Boyen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
| | - Jan Kucera
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Axel Gross
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Andriy Romanyuk
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Peter Oelhafen
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Marc D'Olieslaeger
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
- IMEC, division IMOMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)
| | - Mila Manolova
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Dieter M. Kolb
- Institut für Elektrochemie, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm (Germany)
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Jin C, Xia W, Nagaiah TC, Guo J, Chen X, Bron M, Schuhmann W, Muhler M. On the role of the thermal treatment of sulfided Rh/CNT catalysts applied in the oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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1,n-Alkanedithiol (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111): Electrochemical and Theoretical Approach. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.11.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kucera J, Gross A. Adsorption of 4-mercaptopyridine on Au(111: a periodic DFT study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:13985-92. [PMID: 19360938 DOI: 10.1021/la802368j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the adsorption of 4-mercaptopyridine (Mpy) on Au(111) using periodic density functional theory calculations. Isolated Mpy molecules adsorb preferentially at near-bridge sites in a tilted configuration. The interaction with water influences the adsorption of Mpy only weakly whereas the binding of ions to Mpy can lead to substantial structural changes in the Mpy adsorption geometry. At higher coverages, the molecules become more upright in order to allow for a denser packing in the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Simulated STM images of the 7 x mean square root of 3 and 5 x mean square root of 3 structures compare favorably with experimental results. Using an ab initio thermodynamics approach, we determined the most stable molecular structure as a function of the chemical potential of mercaptopyridine. The stability of the 7 x mean square root of 3 structure is confirmed, but the experimentally observed 5 x mean square root of 13 structure does not appear to be a thermodynamically stable structure. Several possible reasons for the discrepancy between theory and experiment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kucera
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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