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Ahmed MMN, Bodowara FS, Zhou W, Penteado JF, Smeltz JL, Pathirathna P. Electrochemical detection of Cd(ii) ions in complex matrices with nanopipets. RSC Adv 2021; 12:1077-1083. [PMID: 35425143 PMCID: PMC8978973 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07655h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination and its detrimental health effects are a growing concern globally. Several metal mitigation systems and regulatory approaches have been implemented to minimize the negative impacts on human health. However, none of these function at maximum efficiency, mainly due to the lack of accurate information about metal speciation. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop novel, cheap, efficient, and robust metal detecting sensors. In this study, we describe the application of a nanopipet based electrochemical sensor to detect aqueous Cd(ii) ions. The inner radius of our nanopipets is ∼300 nm, and the fundamental mechanism behind our sensor's response is ion transfer between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). The absence of redox behavior makes ITIES an excellent, attractive electrochemical tool to study various ions in aqueous solutions. In this study, we used 1,10-phenanthroline as our ionophore in the organic phase (dichloroethane) to facilitate the transfer of Cd(ii) ions from the polar aqueous phase to the less polar organic phase. Unlike previous studies, we characterized our nanopipet in complicated matrices, including, but not limited to, tris buffer and artificial seawater. We performed quantitative assessments to determine our sensor's limit of detection, stability, sensitivity, and selectivity. We further show that our nanosensor can detect free Cd(ii) ions in the presence of strong complexing agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, etc. We quantified the concentration of free Cd(ii) ions in a water sample collected from a local lagoon. Thus, we showcased the power of our nanopipets to act as a robust, accurate, and efficient speciation sensor to detect Cd(ii) ions in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil M N Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Faieza S Bodowara
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Wendy Zhou
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Juliana F Penteado
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Jessica L Smeltz
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Pavithra Pathirathna
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA
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2
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Li W, Zhang X, Hu X, Shi Y, Li Z, Huang X, Zhang W, Zhang D, Zou X, Shi J. A smartphone-integrated ratiometric fluorescence sensor for visual detection of cadmium ions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124872. [PMID: 33387715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescence sensing platform was fabricated for visual detection of cadmium ions (Cd2+) with excellent stability and portability. In this protocol, dual-emission ratiometric fluorescence probe were constructed based on silicon oxide-coated copper nanoclusters (CuNCs@SiO2) as a signal reference and cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) as signal response, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of test results. The level of Cd2+ can be reported within a wide linear range from 0.010 mg·L-1 to 2.0 mg·L-1 with a sensitive detection limit of 1.1 μg·L-1 (2.75 μg·kg-1) and a quick sample-to-answer monitoring time of 6 min, which was quite qualified for regularly monitoring Cd2+. Moreover, aiming to attain portable analysis, the smartphone as colorimetric reader and analyzer were also utilized for rapidly analyzing Cd2+ by capturing the change in fluorescence color. Additionally, benefiting from the strong combination of 1, 10-phenanthroline (Phen) and Cd2+, the fluorescence probe showed excellent anti-interference activities for Cd2+ assay in complex oyster matrix. Overall, the sensing platform had significant stability, specificity and sensitivity, offering a promising potential for conveniently evaluating the quality of marine bivalves polluted with Cd2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xinai Zhang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xuetao Hu
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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3
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Suárez-Herrera MF, Scanlon MD. Quantitative Analysis of Redox-Inactive Ions by AC Voltammetry at a Polarized Interface between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10521-10530. [PMID: 32608226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) is ideally suited to detect redox-inactive ions by their ion transfer. Such electroanalysis, based on the Nernst-Donnan equation, has been predominantly performed using amperometry, cyclic voltammetry, or differential pulse voltammetry. Here, we introduce a new electroanalytical method based on alternating-current (AC) voltammetry with inherent advantages over traditional approaches such as avoidance of positive feedback iR compensation, a major issue for liquid|liquid electrochemical cells containing resistive organic media and interfacial areas in the cm2 and mm2 range. A theoretical background outlining the generation of the analytical signal is provided and based on extracting the component that depends on the Warburg impedance from the total impedance. The quantitative detection of a series of model redox-inactive tetraalkylammonium cations is demonstrated, with evidence provided of the transient adsorption of these cations at the interface during the course of ion transfer. Since ion transfer is diffusion-limited, by changing the voltage excitation frequency during AC voltammetry, the intensity of the Faradaic response can be enhanced at low frequencies (1 Hz) or made to disappear completely at higher frequencies (99 Hz). The latter produces an AC voltammogram equivalent to a "blank" measurement in the absence of analyte and is ideal for background subtraction. Therefore, major opportunities exist for the sensitive detection of ionic analyte when a "blank" measurement in the absence of analyte is impossible. This approach is particularly useful to deconvolute signals related to reversible electrochemical reactions from those due to irreversible processes, which do not give AC signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco F Suárez-Herrera
- Departamento De Química, Facultad De Ciencias, Universidad Nacional De Colombia, Cra 30 # 45-03, Edificio 451, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Micheál D Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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Chen R, Yang A, Chang A, Oweimrin PF, Romero J, Vichitcharoenpaisarn P, Tapia S, Ha K, Villaflor C, Shen M. A Newly Synthesized Tris(crown ether) Ionophore for Assisted Ion Transfer at NanoITIES Electrodes. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Anna Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Albert Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Philip F. Oweimrin
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Julian Romero
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | | | - Stephanie Tapia
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Kevin Ha
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Christopher Villaflor
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Mei Shen
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
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5
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Huang X, Xie L, Lin X, Su B. Detection of Metoprolol in Human Biofluids and Pharmaceuticals via Ion-Transfer Voltammetry at the Nanoscopic Liquid/Liquid Interface Array. Anal Chem 2016; 89:945-951. [PMID: 27958719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Metoprolol (MTP) is one of the most widely used antihypertensive drugs yet banned to use in sport competition. Therefore, there has been an increasing demand for developing simple, rapid, and sensitive methods suited to the identification and quantification of MTP in human biofluids. In this work, ultrathin silica nanochannel membrane (SNM) with perforated channels was employed to support nanoscale liquid/liquid interface (nano-ITIES) array for investigation of the ion-transfer voltammetric behavior of MTP and for its detection in multiple human biofluids and pharmaceutical formulation. Several potential interfering substances, including small molecules, d-glucose, urea, ascorbic acid, glycine, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate and large molecules, bovine serum albumin (BSA), were chosen as models of biological interferences to examine their influence on the ion-transfer current signal of MTP. The results confirmed that the steady-state current wave barely changed in the presence of small molecules. Although BSA displayed an apparent blockade on the transfer of MTP, the accurate determination of MTP in multiple human biofluids (i.e., urine, serum and whole blood) and pharmaceutical formulation were still feasible, thanks to the molecular sieving and antifouling abilities of SNM. A limit of detection (LOD) within the physiological level of MTP during therapy could be achieved for all cases, i.e., 0.5 and 1.1 μM for 100 times diluted urine and serum, respectively, and 2.2 μM for 1000 times diluted blood samples. These results demonstrated that the nano-ITIES array behaved as a simplified and integrated detection platform for ionizable drug analysis in complex media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lisiqi Xie
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingyu Lin
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China
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6
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Huang X, Xie L, Lin X, Su B. Permselective Ion Transport Across the Nanoscopic Liquid/Liquid Interface Array. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6563-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lisiqi Xie
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingyu Lin
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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7
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Herzog G. Recent developments in electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions for ion sensing. Analyst 2015; 140:3888-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The most recent developments on electrochemical sensing of ions at the liquid–liquid interface are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Herzog
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME)
- UMR 7564
- CNRS – Université de Lorraine
- Villers-lès-Nancy
- France
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8
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M(II) transfer across a liquid-liquid microinterface facilitated by a complex formation with 8-Hydroxyquinoline: Application to quantification of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) alone or in mixture in effluents. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Mastouri A, Peulon S, Farcage D, Bellakhal N, Chaussé A. Perfect additivity of microinterface arrays for liquid-liquid measurements: Application to cadmium ions quantification. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Baslak C, Atalay T. Voltammetric determination of facilitated ion transfer across the water/1,2-dichloroethane interface. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193513080041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Kudo Y, Horiuchi N, Katsuta S, Takeda Y. Extraction of cadmium bromide and picrate by 18-crown-6 ether into various less-polar diluents: Analysis of overall extraction equilibria based on their component equilibria with formation of their ion pairs in water. J Mol Liq 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Selective sodium ion transfer across a water/1,2-dichloroethane micro-interface by a calix[4]arene derivative. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Interfacial transfer of Cd2+ assisted by 4′ — morpholino-acetophenone-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone across the water/1,2-dichloroethane interface. OPEN CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-010-0089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe assisted transfer of heavy metal ions by interfacial complexation with 4′-morpholinoacetophenone-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (MAPPT) at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The voltammograms obtained across the water/1,2-dichloroethane interface using the MAPPT ligand in the organic phase shows that the assisted metal ion transfers have different nature for different ions. The quasi-reversible voltammetric peak of the Cd2+ ion was obtained and is discussed in detail. The dependence of the half-wave transfer potential on MAPPT concentration showed that the equilibrium is effectively displaced towards a 1:3 (metal:ligand) stoichiometry with an association constant of log β o =15.46 (±0.11) for the Cd2+ ion, corresponding to the TIC/TID mechanism.
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