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Abstract
Metal/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites are promising functional materials due to the various superior properties of CNTs in addition to the characteristics of metals, and consequently, many fabrication processes of these composites have been vigorously researched. In this paper, the fabrication process of metal/CNT composites by electrochemical deposition, including electrodeposition and electroless deposition, are comprehensively reviewed. A general introduction for fabrication of metal/CNT composites using the electrochemical deposition is carried out. The fabrication methods can be classified into three types: (1) composite plating by electrodeposition or electroless deposition, (2) metal coating on CNT by electroless deposition, and (3) electrodeposition using CNT templates, such as CNT sheets and CNT yarns. The performances of each type have been compared and explained especially from the view point of preparation methods. In the cases of (1) composite plating and (2) metal coating on CNTs, homogeneous dispersion of CNTs in electrochemical deposition baths is essential for the formation of metal/CNT composites with homogeneous distribution of CNTs, which leads to high performance composites. In the case of (3) electrodeposition using CNT templates, the electrodeposition of metals not only on the surfaces but also interior of the CNT templates is the key process to fabricate high performance metal/CNT composites.
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Farooq MQ, Abbasi NM, Anderson JL. Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1633:461613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Electrodeposition of NiSn-rGO Composite Coatings from Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Physicochemical Characterization. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10111455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes, for the first time, the electrodeposition of NiSn alloy/reduced graphene oxide composite coatings (NiSn-rGO) obtained under pulse current electrodeposition conditions from deep eutectic solvents (choline chloride: ethylene glycol eutectic mixtures) containing well-dispersed GO nanosheets. The successful incorporation of the carbon-based material into the metallic matrix has been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A decrease in the crystallite size of the coating was evidenced when graphene oxide was added to the electrolyte. Additionally, the topography and the electrical properties of the materials were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The corrosion behavior in 0.5 M NaCl solution was analyzed through potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods for different immersion periods, up to 336 h, showing a slightly better corrosion performance as compared to pure NiSn alloy.
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Shishov A, Pochivalov A, Nugbienyo L, Andruch V, Bulatov A. Deep eutectic solvents are not only effective extractants. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ni/cerium Molybdenum Oxide Hydrate Microflakes Composite Coatings Electrodeposited From Choline Chloride: Ethylene Glycol Deep Eutectic Solvent. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13040924. [PMID: 32092998 PMCID: PMC7078612 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerium molybdenum oxide hydrate microflakes are codeposited with nickel from a deep eutectic solvent-based bath. During seven days of exposure in 0.05 M NaCl solution, the corrosion resistance of composite coating (Ni/CeMoOxide) is slightly reduced, due to the existence of some microcracks caused by large microflakes. Multielemental analysis of the solution, in which coatings are exposed and the qualitative changes in the surface chemistry (XPS) show selective etching molybdenum from microflakes. The amount of various molybdenum species within the surface of coating nearly completely disappear, due to the corrosion process. Significant amounts of Ce3+ compounds are removed, however the corrosion process is less selective towards the cerium, and the overall cerium chemistry remains unchanged. Initially, blank Ni coatings are covered by NiO and Ni(OH)2 in an atomic ratio of 1:2. After exposure, the amount of Ni(OH)2 increases in relation to NiO (ratio 1:3). For the composite coating, the atomic ratios of both forms of nickel vary from 1:0.8 to 1:1.3. Despite achieving lower corrosion resistance of the composite coating, the applied concept of using micro-flakes, whose skeleton is a system of Ce(III) species and active form are molybdate ions, may be interesting for applications in materials with potential self-healing properties.
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Electrodeposition of Sn and Sn Composites with Carbon Materials Using Choline Chloride-Based Ionic Liquids. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9120798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nano carbons, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, show very interesting electrochemical properties and are becoming a focus of interest in many areas, including electrodeposition of carbon–metal composites for battery application. The aim of this study was to incorporate carbon materials (namely oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (ox-MWCNT), pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (P-MWCNT), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)) into a metallic tin matrix. Formation of the carbon–tin composite materials was achieved by electrodeposition from a choline chloride-based ionic solvent. The different structures and treatments of the carbon materials will create metallic composites with different characteristics. The electrochemical characterization of Sn and Sn composites was performed using chronoamperometry, potentiometry, electrochemical impedance, and cyclic voltammetry. The initial growth stages of Sn and Sn composites were characterized by a glassy-carbon (GC) electrode surface. Nucleation studies were carried out, and the effect of the carbon materials was characterized using the Scharifker and Hills (SH) and Scharifker and Mostany (SM) models. Through a non-linear fitting method, it was shown that the nucleation of Sn and Sn composites on a GC surface occurred through a 3D instantaneous process with growth controlled by diffusion. According to Raman and XRD analysis, carbon materials were successfully incorporated at the Sn matrix. AFM and SEM images showed that the carbon incorporation influences the coverage of the surface as well as the size and shape of the agglomerate. From the analysis of the corrosion tests, it is possible to say that Sn-composite films exhibit a comparable or slightly better corrosion performance as compared to pure Sn films.
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Li R, Hou Y, Liu B, Wang D, Liang J. Electrodeposition of homogenous Ni/SiO2 nanocomposite coatings from deep eutectic solvent with in-situ synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Li R, Chu Q, Liang J. Electrodeposition and characterization of Ni–SiC composite coatings from deep eutectic solvent. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05918f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The micro or nano-sized SiC particles have significant effects on nucleation/growth process, morphology, microhardness and trilogical performance of Ni coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
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Li R, Liang J, Hou Y, Chu Q. Enhanced corrosion performance of Zn coating by incorporating graphene oxide electrodeposited from deep eutectic solvent. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The corrosion resistance of Zn–GO is much better than that of pure Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
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Ru J, Hua Y, Li J, Xu C, Li Y, Wang D, Qi C, Jie Y. Effects of existence form and concentration of PbO on the conductivity of choline chloride–urea deep eutectic solvent. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wagle DV, Zhao H, Baker GA. Deep eutectic solvents: sustainable media for nanoscale and functional materials. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2299-308. [PMID: 24892971 DOI: 10.1021/ar5000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) represent an alternative class of ionic fluids closely resembling room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), although, strictly speaking, they are distinguished by the fact that they also contain an organic molecular component (typically, a hydrogen bond donor like a urea, amide, acid, or polyol), frequently as the predominant constituent. Practically speaking, DESs are attractive alternatives to RTILs, sharing most of their remarkable qualities (e.g., tolerance to humidity, negligible vapor pressure, thermostability, wide electrochemical potential windows, tunability) while overcoming several limitations associated with their RTIL cousins. Particularly, DESs are typically, less expensive, more synthetically accessible (typically, from bulk commodity chemicals using solvent/waste-free processes), nontoxic, and biodegradable. In this Account, we provide an overview of DESs as designer solvents to create well-defined nanomaterials including shape-controlled nanoparticles, electrodeposited films, metal-organic frameworks, colloidal assemblies, hierarchically porous carbons, and DNA/RNA architectures. These breakthroughs illustrate how DESs can fulfill multiple roles in directing chemistry at the nanoscale: acting as supramolecular template, metal/carbon source, sacrificial agent (e.g., ammonia release from urea), and/or redox agent, all in the absence of formal stabilizing ligand (here, solvent and stabilizer are one and the same). The ability to tailor the physicochemical properties of DESs is central to controlling their interfacial behavior. The preorganized "supramolecular" nature of DESs provides a soft template to guide the formation of bimodal porous carbon networks or the evolution of electrodeposits. A number of essential parameters (viscosity, polarity, surface tension, hydrogen bonding), plus coordination with solutes/surfaces, all play significant roles in modulating species reactivity and mass transport properties governing the genesis of nanostructure. Furthermore, DES components may modulate nucleation and growth mechanisms by charge neutralization, modification of reduction potentials (or chemical activities), and passivation of particular crystal faces, dictating growth along preferred crystallographic directions. Broad operational windows for electrochemical reactions coupled with their inherent ionic nature facilitate the electrodeposition of alloys and semiconductors inaccessible to classical means and the use of cosolvents or applied potential control provide under-explored strategies for mediating interfacial interactions leading to control over film characteristics. The biocompatibility of DESs suggests intriguing potential for the construction of biomolecular architectures in these novel media. It has been demonstrated that nucleic acid structures can be manipulated in the ionic, crowded, dehydrating (low water activity) DES environment-including the adoption of duplex helical structures divergent from the canonical B form and parallel G-quadruplex DNA persisting near water's boiling point-challenging the misconception that water is a necessity for maintenance of nucleic acid structure/functionality and suggesting an enticing trajectory toward DNA/RNA-based nanocatalysis within a strictly anhydrous medium. DESs offer tremendous opportunities and open intriguing perspectives for generating sophisticated nanostructures within an anhydrous or low-water medium. We conclude this Account by offering our thoughts on the evolution of the field, pointing to areas of clear and compelling utility which will surely see fruition in the coming years. Finally, we highlight a few hurdles (e.g., need for a universal nomenclature, absence of water-immiscible, oriented-phase, and low-viscosity DESs) which, once navigated, will hasten progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh V. Wagle
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 601 South College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Savannah State University, 3219
College Street, Savannah, Georgia 31404, United States
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 601 South College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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PARK J, DILASARI B, KIM Y, KIM K, LEE CK, KWON K. Passivation Behavior and Surface Resistance of Electrodeposited Nickel-Carbon Composites. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.82.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yang J, Yu JH, Rudi Strickler J, Chang WJ, Gunasekaran S. Nickel nanoparticle–chitosan-reduced graphene oxide-modified screen-printed electrodes for enzyme-free glucose sensing in portable microfluidic devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 47:530-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang Q, De Oliveira Vigier K, Royer S, Jérôme F. Deep eutectic solvents: syntheses, properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:7108-46. [PMID: 22806597 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35178a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2172] [Impact Index Per Article: 181.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Within the framework of green chemistry, solvents occupy a strategic place. To be qualified as a green medium, these solvents have to meet different criteria such as availability, non-toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability, flammability, and low price among others. Up to now, the number of available green solvents are rather limited. Here we wish to discuss a new family of ionic fluids, so-called Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES), that are now rapidly emerging in the current literature. A DES is a fluid generally composed of two or three cheap and safe components that are capable of self-association, often through hydrogen bond interactions, to form a eutectic mixture with a melting point lower than that of each individual component. DESs are generally liquid at temperatures lower than 100 °C. These DESs exhibit similar physico-chemical properties to the traditionally used ionic liquids, while being much cheaper and environmentally friendlier. Owing to these remarkable advantages, DESs are now of growing interest in many fields of research. In this review, we report the major contributions of DESs in catalysis, organic synthesis, dissolution and extraction processes, electrochemistry and material chemistry. All works discussed in this review aim at demonstrating that DESs not only allow the design of eco-efficient processes but also open a straightforward access to new chemicals and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zhang
- Université de Poitiers/CNRS, UMR 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86022 Poitiers, France
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Sun A, Zheng J, Sheng Q. A highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on nickel and multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanohybrid films fabricated by one-step co-electrodeposition in ionic liquids. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Maho A, Linden S, Arnould C, Detriche S, Delhalle J, Mekhalif Z. Tantalum oxide/carbon nanotubes composite coatings on titanium, and their functionalization with organophosphonic molecular films: a high quality scaffold for hydroxyapatite growth. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 371:150-8. [PMID: 22284449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, titanium is a very commonly used biomaterial for the preparation of orthopedic and dental implants. Its excellent mechanical and biochemical bulk properties are nevertheless counterbalanced by its propensity to long term degradation in physiological conditions and its weak osseointegrative capacities. In this context, surface modifications can significantly hinder titanium weaknesses. The approach considered in this work relies on the preparation of thin composite coatings based on tantalum oxide and carbon nanotubes by sol-gel process. Tantalum is particularly interesting for its high biocompatibility and bioactivity, as well as its strong resistance to bio-corrosion. Carbon nanotubes are exploited to reinforce the compactness and homogeneity of the coatings, and can act as a favorable factor to strengthen the interaction with bone components by biomimicry. The composite layers are further modified with specific organophosphonic acid molecular films, able to chemically bind the tantalum oxide surface and improve the hydroxyapatite formation process. The characteristics and the qualities of these hybrid inorganic/organic coatings are evaluated by XPS, SEM, TEM, peeling tests, contact angle measurements, and electrochemical characterizations (free potential, polarization curves).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maho
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Namur, Belgium
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Wu TY, Su SG, Lin KF, Lin YC, Wang HP, Lin MW, Gung ST, Sun IW. Voltammetric and physicochemical characterization of hydroxyl- and ether-functionalized onium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ionic liquids. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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