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Udoh II, Ekerenam OO, Daniel EF, Ikeuba AI, Njoku DI, Kolawole SK, Etim IIN, Emori W, Njoku CN, Etim IP, Uzoma PC. Developments in anticorrosive organic coatings modulated by nano/microcontainers with porous matrices. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 330:103209. [PMID: 38848645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The durability and functionality of many metallic structures are seriously threatened by corrosion, which makes the development of anticorrosive coatings imperative. This state-of-the-art survey explores the recent developments in the field of anticorrosive organic coatings modulated by innovations involving nano/microcontainers with porous matrices. The integration of these cutting-edge delivery systems seeks to improve the protective properties of coatings by enabling controlled release, extended durability, targeted application of corrosion inhibitors, and can be co-constructed to achieve defect filling by polymeric materials. The major highlight of this review is an in-depth analysis of the functionalities provided by porous nano/microcontainers in the active protection and self-healing of anticorrosive coatings, including their performance evaluation. In one case, after 20 days of immersion in 0.1 M NaCl, a scratched coating containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with an inhibitor benzotriazole and shelled with polydopamine (MSNs-BTA@PDA) exhibited coating restoration indicated by a sustained corrosion resistance rise over an extended period monitored by impedance values at 0.01 Hz frequency, rising from 8.3 × 104 to 7.0 × 105 Ω cm2, a trend assigned to active protection by the release of inhibitors and self-healing capabilities. Additionally, some functions related to anti-fouling and heat preservation by nano/microcontainers are highlighted. Based on the literature survey, some desirable properties, current challenges, and prospects of anticorrosive coatings doped with nano/microcontainers have been summarized. The knowledge gained from this survey will shape future research directions and applications in a variety of industrial areas, in addition to advancing smart corrosion prevention technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inime I Udoh
- The Hempel Foundation Coatings Science and Technology Centre (CoaST), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria.
| | - Okpo O Ekerenam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pure & Applied Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Ikot Abasi, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria
| | - Enobong F Daniel
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria
| | - Alexander I Ikeuba
- Materials Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria.
| | - Demian I Njoku
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria; Africa Center of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems (ACEFUELS), Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; Centre for Corrosion and Protection of Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Madonna University, Elele, Nigeria.
| | - Sharafadeen K Kolawole
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Technology, Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B 420 Offa, Nigeria; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria.
| | - Ini-Ibehe N Etim
- Marine Chemistry and Corrosion Research Group, Department of Marine Science, Akwa Ibom State University, P. M. B. 1167, Nigeria; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria; Africa Center of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems (ACEFUELS), Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Wilfred Emori
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, Sichuan, PR China; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria
| | - Chigoziri N Njoku
- Environmental, Composite and Optimization Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Nigeria; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria; Africa Center of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems (ACEFUELS), Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
| | - Iniobong P Etim
- Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria
| | - Paul C Uzoma
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; Nigerian Alumni Association of the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAAIMCAS), Nigeria; Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria
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2
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Chalise D, Jonson R, Schaadt J, Barai P, Zeng Y, Kaur S, Lubner SD, Srinivasan V, Tucker MC, Prasher RS. Using Thermal Interface Resistance for Noninvasive Operando Mapping of Buried Interfacial Lithium Morphology in Solid-State Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17344-17352. [PMID: 36951807 PMCID: PMC10080538 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The lithium metal-solid-state electrolyte interface plays a critical role in the performance of solid-state batteries. However, operando characterization of the buried interface morphology in solid-state cells is particularly difficult because of the lack of direct optical access. Destructive techniques that require isolating the interface inadvertently modify the interface and cannot be used for operando monitoring. In this work, we introduce the concept of thermal wave sensing using modified 3ω sensors that are attached to the outside of the lithium metal-solid-state cells to noninvasively probe the morphology of the lithium metal-electrolyte interface. We show that the thermal interface resistance measured by the 3ω sensors relates directly to the physical morphology of the interface and demonstrates that 3ω thermal wave sensing can be used for noninvasive operando monitoring the morphology evolution of the lithium metal-solid-state electrolyte interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Chalise
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert Jonson
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Joseph Schaadt
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Pallab Barai
- Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yuqiang Zeng
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sumanjeet Kaur
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sean D. Lubner
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | | | - Michael C. Tucker
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ravi S. Prasher
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Energy
Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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3
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Yadav M, Kumar M, Srivastava N. High-conducting, economical, and flexible polymer-in-salt electrolytes (PISEs) suitable for energy devices: a reality due to glutaraldehyde crosslinked starch as host. J Solid State Electrochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-023-05421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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4
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Zhou C, Pan M, Li S, Sun Y, Zhang H, Luo X, Liu Y, Zeng H. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as multifunctional nanoplatform for anticorrosion surfaces and coatings. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 305:102707. [PMID: 35640314 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion of metallic materials is a long-standing problem in many engineering fields. Various organic coatings have been widely applied in anticorrosion of metallic materials over the past decades. However, the protective performance of many organic coatings is limited due to the undesirable local failure of the coatings caused by micro-pores and cracks in the coating matrix. Recently, metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-based surfaces and coatings (MOFBSCs) have exhibited great potential in constructing protective materials on metallic substrates with efficient and durable anticorrosion performance. The tailorable porous structure, flexible composition, numerous active sites, and controllable release properties of MOFs make them an ideal platform for developing various protective functionalities, such as self-healing property, superhydrophobicity, and physical barrier against corrosion media. MOFs-based anticorrosion surfaces and coatings can be divided into two categories: the composite surfaces/coatings using MOFs-based passive/active nanofillers and the surfaces/coatings using MOFs as functional substrate support. In this work, the state-of-the-art fabrication strategies of the MOFBSCs are systematically reviewed. The anticorrosion mechanisms of MOFBSCs and functions of the MOFs in the coating matrix are discussed accordingly. Additionally, we highlight both traditional and emerging electrochemical techniques for probing protective performances and mechanisms of MOFBSCs. The remaining challenging issues and perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada; Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China
| | - Mingfei Pan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Sijia Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yongxiang Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, PR China.
| | - Yali Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China.
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Electrochemical Characterization of Polymeric Coatings for Corrosion Protection: A Review of Advances and Perspectives. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122306. [PMID: 35745882 PMCID: PMC9228341 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of anti-corrosion polymeric coatings has grown exponentially in the fields of material science, chemistry, engineering, and nanotechnology during the last century and has prompted the evolution of efficient characterization techniques. Nowadays, polymeric coatings represent a well-established protection system that provides a barrier between a metallic substrate and the environment. However, the increase in complexity and functionality of these coatings requires high-precision techniques capable of predicting failures and providing smart protection. This review summarizes the state of the art for the main electrochemical techniques, emphasizing devices that track the anti-corrosion properties of polymeric coatings from the macroscale to the nanoscale. An overview of the advances in accelerated corrosion testing and the electrochemical characterization of coatings is explored, including insights into their advantages and limitations. In addition, the challenges and potential applications of the theoretical approaches are summarized based on current knowledge. Finally, this work provides the reader with the trends and challenges of designing future technologies and models capable of tracking corrosion and predicting failures.
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6
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Uses of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) for the Characterization with Spatial and Chemical Resolution of Thin Surface Layers and Coating Systems Applied on Metals: A Review. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) is increasingly used in the study and characterization of thin surface films as well as organic and inorganic coatings applied on metals for the collection of spatially- and chemically-resolved information on the localized reactions related to material degradation processes. The movement of a microelectrode (ME) in close proximity to the interface under study allows the application of various experimental procedures that can be classified into amperometric and potentiometric operations depending on either sensing faradaic currents or concentration distributions resulting from the corrosion process. Quantitative analysis can be performed using the ME signal, thus revealing different sample properties and/or the influence of the environment and experimental variables that can be observed on different length scales. In this way, identification of the earlier stages for localized corrosion initiation, the adsorption and formation of inhibitor layers, monitoring of water and specific ions uptake by intact polymeric coatings applied on metals for corrosion protection as well as lixiviation, and detection of coating swelling—which constitutes the earlier stages of blistering—have been successfully achieved. Unfortunately, despite these successful applications of SECM for the characterization of surface layers and coating systems applied on metallic materials, we often find in the scientific literature insufficient or even inadequate description of experimental conditions related to the reliability and reproducibility of SECM data for validation. This review focuses specifically on these features as a continuation of a previous review describing the applications of SECM in this field.
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Filotás D, Izquierdo J, Fernández-Pérez BM, Nagy L, Nagy G, Souto RM. Contributions of Microelectrochemical Scanning Techniques for the Efficient Detection of Localized Corrosion Processes at the Cut Edges of Polymer-Coated Galvanized Steel. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072167. [PMID: 35408563 PMCID: PMC9000633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spatially resolved information on corrosion reactions operating at the cut edges of coated metals can be obtained using microelectrochemical scanning techniques using a suitable selection of operation modes and scanning probes. The scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) provides current density maps with a spatial resolution of the order of the dimensions of the sample, which allows the temporal evolution of the corrosion reactions to be followed over time. This leads to the identification and localization of cathodic and anodic sites, although the technique lacks chemical specificity for the unequivocal identification of the reactive species. The application of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was previously limited to image cathodic reaction sites, either due to oxygen consumption in the amperometric operation or by the alkalinisation of the electrolyte in potentiometric operation. However, it is shown that anodic sites can be effectively monitored using an ion-selective microelectrode (ISME) as a probe. The ISME probes detected differences in the local concentrations of Zn2+ and OH− ions from the cut edges of a complete coil coating system compared to the same system after the polymeric layers were removed. In this way, it has been shown that the inhibitor loading in the polymer layers effectively contributes to reducing the corrosion rates at the cut edge, thus helping to extend the useful life of the sacrificial galvanized layer bonded directly to the steel matrix. Additionally, these two probe configurations can be integrated into a multi-electrode tip for potentiometric operation to simultaneously monitor localized changes in pH values and metal ion dissolution in a single scan. Spatial and temporal distributions were further investigated using different rastering procedures, and the potential of constructing pseudomaps for 2D-imaging is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Filotás
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (L.N.); (G.N.)
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Javier Izquierdo
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (J.I.); (B.M.F.-P.)
- Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Bibiana M. Fernández-Pérez
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (J.I.); (B.M.F.-P.)
| | - Lívia Nagy
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (L.N.); (G.N.)
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Géza Nagy
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (L.N.); (G.N.)
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ricardo M. Souto
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (J.I.); (B.M.F.-P.)
- Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (R.M.S.)
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8
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Blocking Hydrogen Diffusion in Palladium Cathode i—Analyzed by Electrochemistry; ii—Analyzed by Chaos. HYDROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/hydrogen3010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical chaos is caused when, during diffusion, hydrogen and, at worst, tritium is trapped in palladium after the formation of adsorbates. The mechanism leads to cracking corrosion, as seen by scanning electron microscopy. The instabilities were apprehended from voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the active potential where the cathodic hydrogen is charged from two models of transients. Tests performed using an electrochemical chaos analyzer simplify the expertise of the palladium cathode in focusing on the blocking diffusion of hydrogen. A complex electrical circuit of chaos is considered for adsorption and the blocking diffusion. Depending on the active potential, distinct behavior such as the transformation of transients and limited diffusion can occur. Phase-space spectra are obtained, and synchronization has been developed to clarify the chaos leading to the cracking of palladium. By applying these different analytical tests for the restricted diffusion, it is possible to interpret the processes from the power spectra, autocorrelation function, or the divergence coefficient in the region of active potentials. Analyzers can detect flaws in this hydrogen diffusion process and suggest corrective measures.
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9
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Shi Y, Feng G, Li X, Yang X, Ghanim AH, Ruchhoeft P, Jackson D, Mubeen S, Shan X. Electrochemical Impedance Imaging on Conductive Surfaces. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12320-12328. [PMID: 34460223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful tool to measure and quantify the system impedance. However, EIS only provides an average result from the entire electrode surface. Here, we demonstrated a reflection impedance microscope (RIM) that allows us to image and quantify the localized impedance on conductive surfaces. The RIM is based on the sensitive dependence between the materials' optical properties, such as permittivity, and their local surface charge densities. The localized charge density variations introduced by the impedance measurements will lead to optical reflectivity changes on electrode surfaces. Our experiments demonstrated that reflectivity modulations are linearly proportional to the surface charge density on the electrode and the measurements show good agreement with the simple free electron gas model. The localized impedance distribution was successfully extracted from the reflectivity measurements together with the Randles equivalent circuit model. In addition, RIM is used to quantify the impedance on different conductive surfaces, such as indium tin oxide, gold film, and stainless steel electrodes. A polydimethylsiloxane-patterned electrode surface was used to demonstrate the impedance imaging capability of RIM. In the end, a single-cell impedance imaging was obtained by RIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Shi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
| | - Guangxia Feng
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
| | - Abdulsattar H Ghanim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States of America
| | - Paul Ruchhoeft
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
| | - David Jackson
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
| | - Syed Mubeen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States of America
| | - Xiaonan Shan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States of America
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10
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Shkirskiy V, Kang M, McPherson IJ, Bentley CL, Wahab OJ, Daviddi E, Colburn AW, Unwin PR. Electrochemical Impedance Measurements in Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12509-12517. [PMID: 32786472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a versatile tool for electrochemistry, particularly when applied locally to reveal the properties and dynamics of heterogeneous interfaces. A new method to generate local electrochemical impedance spectra is outlined, by applying a harmonic bias between a quasi-reference counter electrode (QRCE) placed in a nanopipet tip of a scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM) and a conductive (working electrode) substrate (two-electrode setup). The AC frequency can be tuned so that the magnitude of the impedance is sensitive to the tip-to-substrate distance, whereas the phase angle is broadly defined by the local capacitive response of the electrical double layer (EDL) of the working electrode. This development enables the surface topography and the local capacitance to be sensed reliably, and separately, in a single measurement. Further, self-referencing the probe impedance near the surface to that in the bulk solution allows the local capacitive response of the working electrode substrate in the overall AC signal to be determined, establishing a quantitative footing for the methodology. The spatial resolution of AC-SICM is an order of magnitude larger than the tip size (100 nm radius), for the studies herein, due to frequency dispersion. Comprehensive finite element method (FEM) modeling is undertaken to optimize the experimental conditions and minimize the experimental artifacts originating from the frequency dispersion phenomenon, and provides an avenue to explore the means by which the spatial resolution could be further improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viacheslav Shkirskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron L Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Oluwasegun J Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Daviddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W Colburn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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11
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Denissen PJ, Shkirskiy V, Volovitch P, Garcia SJ. Corrosion Inhibition at Scribed Locations in Coated AA2024-T3 by Cerium- and DMTD-Loaded Natural Silica Microparticles under Continuous Immersion and Wet/Dry Cyclic Exposure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23417-23431. [PMID: 32324382 PMCID: PMC7246977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Earlier studies on cerium-loaded naturally occurring silica microparticles (i.e., diatomaceous earth) demonstrated the potential to efficiently protect small scratches in epoxy-coated AA2024-T3 panels during relatively short immersion times. The current work investigates the potential of such inhibitor-loaded microparticles to protect wide and deep scribes (up to 1 mm wide) in long-time immersion testing and during cyclic (wet/dry) conditions. For this, cerium nitrate and 2,5-dimercaptothiadiazole (DMTD) were used as inorganic and organic corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion protection was evaluated using a hyphenated real-time optics/electrochemistry method and two individual local techniques measuring oxygen concentration and electrochemical impedance (LEIM) inside the scribe. SEM/EDS was used to analyze the samples after exposure. The results show significant levels of corrosion protection at damaged locations at low cerium concentrations (3.7 wt % Ce3+ relative to the total coating mass) during 30 days of immersion in salt solution. However, for a given scribe geometry, the protection was found to be dependent on the electrolyte volume with larger electrolyte/exposed metal ratios leading to short protection time. A partial replacement of the Ce3+ by DMTD in the microcarriers resulted in a higher degree of passivation than when DMTD was used alone. Wet/dry cyclic exposure tests showed that cyclic conditions can increase the buildup of stable inhibitor-containing layers in the case of cerium-loaded silica microparticles. This underlines the need for more research using wet/dry exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Denissen
- Novel
Aerospace Materials Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, Delft 2629 HS, The Netherlands
| | - Viacheslav Shkirskiy
- Chimie
ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de
Chimie Paris (IRCP), Paris F-75005, France
| | - Polina Volovitch
- Chimie
ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de
Chimie Paris (IRCP), Paris F-75005, France
| | - Santiago J. Garcia
- Novel
Aerospace Materials Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, Delft 2629 HS, The Netherlands
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12
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Enhancing the Corrosion Protection of AA2024-T3 Alloy by Surface Treatments Based on Piperazine-Modified Hybrid Sol–Gel Films. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop new chrome-free surface pretreatments for AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy. These pretreatments were based on hybrid organic–inorganic sol–gel thin films prepared from mixtures of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTMS) and tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS). Different MAPTMS/TMOS molar ratios were used for optimizing the physical–chemical characteristics of the sol–gel films. The formulation of a set of these sols was modified by incorporating piperazine (1,4-diazacyclohexane) as a corrosion inhibitor. The resulting sol–gel films were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), liquid-state 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (29Si-NMR) and viscosity measurements. The corrosion performance of the sol–gel films was analyzed by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and local electrochemical impedance mapping (LEIM). The characterization techniques indicated that piperazine behaved as a catalyst for the condensation reaction during the formation of the MAPTMS/TMOS organopolysiloxane network and produces an increase of the crosslinking degree of the sol–gel films. EIS and LEIM results showed that piperazine is an effective corrosion inhibitor, which can be used to enhance the active corrosion protection performance of sol–gel films.
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Flexible Energy Storage System—An Introductory Review of Textile-Based Flexible Supercapacitors. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7120922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, researchers have become interested in exploring applications of rechargeable battery storage technology in different disciplines, which can help our daily life, such as textile-based supercapacitors. This paper briefly describes this development and classification of supercapacitors. Besides, various types of materials which are commonly used to prepare supercapacitors, such as carbons, metal oxides, alkaline earth metal salts and polymers, are introduced. Moreover, applications and methodology to prepare textile materials with supercapacitors are described. Finally, the commonly used non-destructive measuring methods for textile-based supercapacitors are also introduced.
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Bentley CL, Edmondson J, Meloni GN, Perry D, Shkirskiy V, Unwin PR. Nanoscale Electrochemical Mapping. Anal Chem 2018; 91:84-108. [PMID: 30500157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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One-Step Fabrication and Localized Electrochemical Characterization of Continuous Al-Alloyed Intermetallic Surface Layer on Magnesium Alloy. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8040148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Chakri S, Patel AN, Frateur I, Kanoufi F, Sutter EMM, Tran TTM, Tribollet B, Vivier V. Imaging of a Thin Oxide Film Formation from the Combination of Surface Reflectivity and Electrochemical Methods. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5303-5310. [PMID: 28406015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Chakri
- Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes
Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Anisha N. Patel
- Sorbonne Paris
Cité, Paris Diderot University, Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation
et Dynamique des Systèmes Laboratory, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue J. A. Baif, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Frateur
- Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes
Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Sorbonne Paris
Cité, Paris Diderot University, Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation
et Dynamique des Systèmes Laboratory, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue J. A. Baif, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Eliane M. M. Sutter
- Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes
Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - T. T. Mai Tran
- Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes
Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Tribollet
- Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes
Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Vivier
- Sorbonne Universités,
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes
Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
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Lucas M, Boily JF. Mapping Electrochemical Heterogeneity at Iron Oxide Surfaces: A Local Electrochemical Impedance Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:13618-13624. [PMID: 26625255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy (AC-SECM) was used for the first time to map key electrochemical attributes of oriented hematite (α-Fe2O3) single crystal surfaces at the micron-scale. Localized electrochemical impedance spectra (LEIS) of the (001) and (012) faces provided insight into the spatial variations of local double layer capacitance (C(dl)) and charge transfer resistance (R(ad)). These parameters were extracted by LEIS measurements in the 0.4-8000 Hz range to probe the impedance response generated by the redistribution of water molecules and charge carriers (ions) under an applied AC. These were attributed to local variations in the local conductivity of the sample surfaces. Comparison with global EIS measurements on the same samples uncovered highly comparable frequency-resolved processes, that were broken down into contributions from the bulk hematite, the interface as well as the microelectrode/tip assembly. This work paves the way for new studies aimed at mapping electrochemical processes at the mesoscale on this environmentally and technologically important material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University , Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
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