1
|
Surface Characterization of New Azulene-Based CMEs for Sensing. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13122292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Films of 2-(azulen-1-yldiazenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (T) were successfully deposited on glassy carbon surfaces to prepare chemically modified electrodes (CMEs). Their surface characterization was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This complexing monomer has been deposited through direct electropolymerization in conditions established during the electrochemical characterization of T performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and rotating disk electrode voltammetry (RDE). These methods put in evidence the high degree of asymmetry of oxidation and reduction curves, which is due to the irreversible processes occurring at opposite potentials. The film formation was confirmed by ferrocene redox assay probe. The properties of the electrodes modified with T (T-CMEs) were investigated for sensing heavy metal (HM) ions in water solutions, with promising results for Pb(II) among Cd(II), Cu(II), and Hg(II) ions.
Collapse
|
2
|
Polyazulene-Based Materials for Heavy Metal Ion Detection. 3. (E)-5-((6-t-Butyl-4,8-dimethylazulen-1-yl) diazenyl)-1H-tetrazole-Based Modified Electrodes. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13091642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A recently synthesized azulene-tetrazole molecular receptor is proposed in this paper to continue the series of azulene substituted compounds that have been developed to build polyazulene-based materials for heavy metal (HM) ion detection. This study focuses on characterization of (E)-5-((6-t-butyl-4,8-dimethylazulen-1-yl) diazenyl)-1H-tetrazole (L) by electrochemical techniques in view of its use for designing electrochemical sensors for HM ion complexation. The character of redox processes was proved by cyclic, differential pulse, and rotating disk electrode voltammetry. An in-depth thermodynamic study of the complexation properties of the free ligand with Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions was performed, and the stoichiometry and stability constant values were determined. Chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) based on L (L-CMEs) prepared by controlled potential electrolysis (CPE) at different applied potentials and charges were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Their surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The complexing properties of L-CMEs were investigated towards the detection of HM ions by anodic stripping and compared to the stability constants of the complexes in solution. Voltametric curves showed well-defined peaks for Pb (II), Cd (II), Cu (II) and Hg (II), but the responses differ from each other and vary depending on the ion concentrations in the accumulation solutions. The best results were obtained for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions. The results obtained for Pb(II) are promising and can be used for its analysis in water solutions (detection limit of about 10−9 M).
Collapse
|
3
|
Evaluation of (Z)-5-(Azulen-1-ylmethylene)-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-ones Properties Using Quantum Mechanical Calculations. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13081462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Derivatives of (Z)-5-(azulen-1-ylmethylene)-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one are reported as heavy metal (HM) ligands in heterogeneous systems based on chemically modified electrodes. Their ability to coordinate HMs ions has recently been shown to be very selective. In this context, an additional computer-assisted study of their structure was performed using density functional theory (DFT) to achieve a complex structural analysis. Specific molecular descriptors and properties related to their reactivity and electrochemical behaviour were calculated. The correlation between certain quantum parameters associated with the general chemical reactivity and the complexing properties of the modified electrodes based on these ligands was carried out to facilitate the design of molecular sensors. Good linear correlations between DFT-calculated HOMO/LUMO energies and experimental redox potentials were found. A good agreement between the chemical shifts predicted by the DFT method and those determined experimentally from NMR data for these ligands demonstrated the accuracy of the calculations to assess the structural data. Such a computational approach can be used to evaluate other properties, such as electrochemical properties for similar azulene derivatives.
Collapse
|
4
|
1-Vinylazulenes with Oxazolonic Ring-Potential Ligands for Metal Ion Detectors; Synthesis and Products Properties. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13071209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a continuation of research on 1-vinylazulenes synthesis, on their physico–chemical properties as well as on their use as colorimetric and electrochemical materials for the detection of heavy metals ions, new compounds, 4-(azulen-1-ylmethylene)-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-ones, are reported. The exceptional structure of azulene moiety with symmetrical electron distribution only with respect to the x-axis gives some special chemical and physical properties to compounds in which it is inserted. Various azulene-1-carbaldehydes and hippuric acids are condensed with good yields in Erlenmeyer—Plöchl reaction conditions. The obtained 1-vinylzulenes were characterized and their UV-Vis and NMR spectra were briefly discussed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Colorimetric and voltammetric sensing of mercury ions using 2,2′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis((2-(azulen-2-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl)azanediyl))diacetic acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
6
|
Razus AC, Birzan L. Synthesis of azulenic compounds substituted in the 1-position with heterocycles. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
7
|
Azulene-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid: A versatile molecule for colorimetric and electrochemical sensors for metal ions. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
8
|
Birzan L, Cristea M, Draghici CC, Tecuceanu V, Hanganu A, Ungureanu EM, Razus AC. 4-(Azulen-1-yl) six-membered heteroaromatics substituted in 2- and 6- positions with 2-(2-furyl)vinyl, 2-(2-thienyl)vinyl or 2-(3-thienyl)vinyl moieties. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
9
|
Buica GO, Soare ML, Inel GA, Razus AC, Birzan L, Oprisanu A, Ungureanu EM. On the electrochemical behavior of selanyl azulenes. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Buica GO, Birzan L, Tecuceanu V, Razus AC, Arnold GL, Ungureanu EM. Modified Electrodes Based on Poly[(2E)-2-(Azulen-1-ylmethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide] for Heavy Metal Ions Complexation. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George-Octavian Buica
- University “Politehnica” of Bucharest; 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu 011061, S1 Bucharest Romania
| | - Liviu Birzan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry “C. D. Nenitzescu” of Romanian Academy; Spl. Independentei 202B; PO Box 15-258 71141- Bucharest Romania
| | - Victorita Tecuceanu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry “C. D. Nenitzescu” of Romanian Academy; Spl. Independentei 202B; PO Box 15-258 71141- Bucharest Romania
| | - Alexandru C. Razus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry “C. D. Nenitzescu” of Romanian Academy; Spl. Independentei 202B; PO Box 15-258 71141- Bucharest Romania
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Birzan L, Cristea M, Draghici CC, Tecuceanu V, Maganu M, Hanganu A, Arnold GL, Ungureanu EM, Razus AC. 1-vinylazulenes – potential host molecules in ligands for metal ion detectors. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Buica GO, Birzan L, Popescu LR, Ivanov AA, Ungureanu EM. Thermodynamics of interactions between lead(II) and cadmium(II) ions and azulene-based complexing polymer films. J Solid State Electrochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-015-3055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
13
|
Influence of the electrografting method on the performances of a flow electrochemical sensor using modified electrodes for trace analysis of copper (II). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
14
|
Dragu EA, Nica S, Tecuceanu V, Bala D, Mihailciuc C, Hanganu A, Razus AC. Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Carbocyclic and Heterocyclic Diazulenylethenes. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
15
|
Buica GO, Ungureanu EM, Birzan L, Razus AC, Mandoc (Popescu) LR. Voltammetric sensing of lead and cadmium using poly(4-azulen-1-yl-2,6-bis(2-thienyl)pyridine) complexing films. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Otero TF. Reactions drive conformations. Biomimetic properties and devices, theoretical description. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3754-3767. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Wang L, Wang X, Shi G, Peng C, Ding Y. Thiacalixarene Covalently Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Chemically Modified Electrode Material for Detection of Ultratrace Pb2+ Ions. Anal Chem 2012; 84:10560-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302747f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092,
China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092,
China
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Shanghai Institute
of Applied
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
201800, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Shanghai Institute
of Applied
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
201800, China
| | - Yihong Ding
- State Key Laboratory
of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dragu EA, Nica S, Raicopol M, Baran A, Anghel DF, Cojocaru B, Tarko L, Razus AC. Synthesis, solid-state photophysical properties and electropolymerization of novel diazulenyl ethenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|