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Domaros A, Zarzeczańska D, Ossowski T, Wcisło A. Controlled Silanization of Transparent Conductive Oxides as a Precursor of Molecular Recognition Systems. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:309. [PMID: 36614648 PMCID: PMC9822489 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The search for new molecular recognition systems has become the goal of modern electrochemistry. Creating a matrix in which properties can be controlled to obtain a desired analytical signal is an essential part of creating such tools. The aim of this work was to modify the surface of electrodes based on transparent conductive oxides with the use of selected alkoxysilanes (3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, trimethoxy(propyl)silane, and trimethoxy(octyl)silane). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry techniques, as well as contact angle measurements, were used to determine the properties of the obtained layers. Here, we prove that not only was the structure of alkoxysilanes taken into account but also the conditions of the modification process-reaction conditions (time and temperature), double alkoxysilane modification, and mono- and binary component modification. Our results enabled the identification of the parameters that are important to ensure the effectiveness of the modification process. Moreover, we confirmed that the selection of the correct alkoxysilane allows the surface properties of the electrode material to be controlled and, consequently, the charge transfer process at the electrode/solution interface, hence enabling the creation of selective molecular recognition systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Domaros
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (A.W.); Tel.: +48-58523-5106 (A.D.); +48-58523-5457 (A.W.)
| | | | | | - Anna Wcisło
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (A.W.); Tel.: +48-58523-5106 (A.D.); +48-58523-5457 (A.W.)
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Gabriunaite I, Valiuniene A, Ramanavicius S, Ramanavicius A. Biosensors Based on Bio-Functionalized Semiconducting Metal Oxides. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:549-564. [PMID: 35714203 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2088226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Immobilization of biomaterials is a very important task in the development of biofuel cells and biosensors. Some semiconducting metal-oxide-based supporting materials can be used in these bioelectronics-based devices. In this article, we are reviewing some functionalization methods that are applied for the immobilization of biomaterials. The most significant attention is paid to the immobilization of biomolecules on the surface of semiconducting metal oxides. The improvement of biomaterials immobilization on metal oxides and analytical performance of biosensors by coatings based on conducting polymers, self-assembled monolayers and lipid membranes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Gabriunaite
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ausra Valiuniene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Electrochemical Material Science, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Electrochemical Material Science, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Baek MG, Park SG. Differences in ITO Surfaces According to the Formation of Aromatic Rings and Aliphatic Self-Assembled Monolayers for Organic Light-Emitting Diode Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102520. [PMID: 34684960 PMCID: PMC8539490 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects on the characteristic changes in OLED devices of using self-assembled monolayers with different functional groups as the hole injection layer, resulting in changes in their performance. Thus, we confirmed that it is possible to control the wetting properties, surface roughness, and work function of the indium tin oxide (ITO) surface by introducing self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The contact angle measurements confirmed that the substrate surface contact angle tended to increase with SAM deposition. In addition, AFM measurements confirmed that the substrate surface roughness tended to decrease when SAM was deposited on the surface. Finally, it was confirmed through the work function measurement results that the work function increased when the ITO surface was modified by SAM. Furthermore, compared to OLEDs using only the ITO anode, the SAM-modified device showed a higher current density (359.68 A/cm2), improved brightness (76.8 cd/cm2), and a smaller turn-on voltage (7 V). This approach provides a simple route for fabricating organic light-emitting diode applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Gyun Baek
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si 51140, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea;
| | - Sang-Geon Park
- Department of Mechatronics Convergence, Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si 51140, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Yılmaz N, Aydın EB, Sezgintürk MK. An epoxysilane modified indium tin oxide electrode for the determination of PAK 2: Application in human serum samples. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1062:68-77. [PMID: 30947997 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a sensitive immunosensor was developed for the first time for p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK 2) detection. In the design of the immunosensor, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) was utilized as an ITO electrode modification material for anti-PAK 2 antibody immobilization. This molecule had epoxy group, which was reactive to amino groups of antibodies. Anti-PAK 2 antibodies were also used as biomolecules for sensitive interaction for PAK 2 antigen. In the presence of PAK 2 antigens, high impedance signal was observed when the process followed by using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy technique (EIS). Apart from EIS technique, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) and Single Frequency Impedance (SFI) techniques were utilized. Microscopic surface characterizations of immunosensor fabrication steps were performed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The immunosensor exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity for PAK 2 antigen detection. A linear calibration curve between EIS response and PAK 2 concentration was obtained in the range of 0.005-0.075 pg/mL with the detection limit of 1.5 fg/mL. It had good repeatability, excellent reproducibility and high stability. Additionally, this immunosensor can be reused by simple application protocol. Furthermore, it had good recovery for PAK 2 antigen detection in human serum samples. The good recovery illustrated that the developed immunosensor was a promising tool for PAK 2 detection in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nergiz Yılmaz
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty or Arts and Sciences, Chemistry Department, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Elif Burcu Aydın
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale, Turkey.
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Wayu MB, Pannell MJ, Labban N, Case WS, Pollock JA, Leopold MC. Functionalized carbon nanotube adsorption interfaces for electron transfer studies of galactose oxidase. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 125:116-126. [PMID: 30449323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Modified electrodes featuring specific adsorption platforms able to access the electrochemistry of the copper containing enzyme galactose oxidase (GaOx) were explored, including interfaces featuring nanomaterials such as nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Electrodes modified with various self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) including those with attached nanoparticles or amide-coupled functionalized CNTs were examined for their ability to effectively immobilize GaOx and study the redox activity related to its copper core. While stable GaOx electrochemistry has been notoriously difficult to achieve at modified electrodes, strategically designed functionalized CNT-based interfaces, cysteamine SAM-modified electrode subsequently amide-coupled to carboxylic acid functionalized single wall CNTs, were significantly more effective with high GaOx surface adsorption along with well-defined, more reversible, stable (≥ 8 days) voltammetry and an average ET rate constant of 0.74 s-1 in spite of increased ET distance - a result attributed to effective electronic coupling at the GaOx active site. Both amperometric and fluorescence assay results suggest embedded GaOx remains active. Fundamental ET properties of GaOx may be relevant to biosensor development targeting galactosemia while the use functionalized CNT platforms for adsorption/electrochemistry of electroactive enzymes/proteins may present an approach for fundamental protein electrochemistry and their future use in both direct and indirect biosensor schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulugeta B Wayu
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Science Center, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, United States
| | - Michael J Pannell
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Science Center, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, United States
| | - Najwa Labban
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Science Center, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, United States
| | - William S Case
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Physics, Converse College, Spartanburg, SC 29302, United States
| | - Julie A Pollock
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Science Center, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, United States
| | - Michael C Leopold
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Science Center, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, United States.
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Baldacchini C, Bizzarri AR, Cannistraro S. Electron transfer, conduction and biorecognition properties of the redox metalloprotein Azurin assembled onto inorganic substrates. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Probing redox reaction of azurin protein immobilized on hydroxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers with different lengths. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mu X, Guo S, Zhang L, Yang P. Modification of indium tin oxide with persulfate-based photochemistry toward facile, rapid, and low-temperature interface-mediated multicomponent assembling. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:4945-4951. [PMID: 24716839 DOI: 10.1021/la5004963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The well-controlled material assembly and patterning on indium tin oxide (ITO) coating layer is of great importance for the practical fabrication of a functional device. Nonetheless, the conventional way to achieve this aim is still mainly based on the combination of photolithography with pattern transfer techniques (e.g., wet/dry etching, μCP) due to the lack of one method that is able to directly afford site-selective ITO surface tailoring and subsequent templating for material assembly. Herein, we reported a novel, fast, and efficient photochemical reaction to accurately tailor the surface property of ITO with light-controlled site-selectivity, thus resulting in direct photoresist-free and etching/contact-free lithographic patterning of building blocks, e.g., ZnO, BaTiO3, CdS, lipid membrane, conductive polymers, colloids, and liquid crystals. The entire process reveals new interfacial chemistry suitable for inorganic metal oxide and its important versatile implications for low-cost fabrication of large-area flat and flexible optical/electronic/biorelated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xìan, 710119 China
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