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Zheng J, Archer LA. Crystallographically Textured Electrodes for Rechargeable Batteries: Symmetry, Fabrication, and Characterization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14440-14470. [PMID: 35950898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The vast of majority of battery electrode materials of contemporary interest are of a crystalline nature. Crystals are, by definition, anisotropic from an atomic-structure perspective. The inherent structural anisotropy may give rise to favored mesoscale orientations and anisotropic properties whether the material is in a rest state or subjected to an external stimulus. The overall perspective of this review is that intentional manipulation of crystallographic anisotropy of electrochemically active materials constitute an untapped parameter space in energy storage systems and thus provide new opportunities for materials innovations and design. To that end, we contend that crystallographically textured electrodes, as opposed to their textureless poly crystalline or single-crystalline analogs, are promising candidates for next-generation storage of electrical energy in rechargeable batteries relevant to commercial practice. This perspective is underpinned first by the fundamental─to a first approximation─uniaxial, rotation-invariant symmetry of electrochemical cells. On this basis, we show that a crystallographically textured electrode with the preferred orientation aligned out-of-plane toward the counter electrode represents an optimal strategy for utilization of the crystals' anisotropic properties. Detailed analyses of anisotropy of different types lead to a simple, but potentially useful general principle that "Pec//Pc" textures are optimal for metal anodes, and "Pec//Sc" textures are optimal for insertion-type electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxu Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lynden A Archer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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2
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Zhang X, Wang C, Yang W, Gao D, Zhang Z, Dong X. Laser-sintering fabrication of integrated Al/Ni anodes for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13168-13179. [PMID: 35520142 PMCID: PMC9064434 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated Al/Ni electrodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with variant atomic ratios were successfully fabricated by a one-step laser-sintering process. The microstructure, phase composition, and pore structure were controlled by the raw material composition and laser parameters. The electrodes showed working merits without any conductive agent and binder, or even the collector used in a traditional battery. It was shown that the electrode consisted of multi-phases, i.e., Al, Al3Ni2, Al3Ni, and Ni, when the Al/Ni atomic ratio was higher than 5 : 5. A lower Al/Ni atomic ratio less than 5 : 5 favored the formation of a dual-phase electrode consisting of Al3Ni2 and Ni. As the Al content increased, the specific surface area of the as-sintered electrodes increased in the initial stage and then decreased. The formation of pores was closely related to the content of the residual Al phase after the laser sintering. The residual Al phase filled the pores when the Al content was high, leading to a lower pore size. In contrast, the liquid Al phase completely reacted with the Ni component, leaving a large number of pores at its original sites. The linked pores can serve as transport channels for Li+ ions, provide mass sites for electrochemical reactions, and also buffer huge volume changes of the active material. Among the electrodes, the one with an Al/Ni ratio of 3 : 7 showed the best cycling/rate performance, i.e., a capacity of 522.8 mA h g-1 by a current of 0.1 A g-1 after 200 cycles, even holding to 338.4 mA h g-1 by a big current impact at 2 A g-1. It formed a metallurgical combination between the conductive network and the active material with multiple porous structures, which is helpful for the electrodes to provide high capacity and maintain structural stability during cycling. In addition, the average laser-sintering time of a single electrode was within 10 s, which is suitable for industrial mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Cunshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Wenfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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Zheng T, Kramer D, Tahmasebi MH, Mönig R, Boles ST. Improvement of the Cycling Performance of Aluminum Anodes through Operando Light Microscopy and Kinetic Analysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:974-985. [PMID: 31893571 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is an attractive anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its low cost, light weight, and high specific capacity. However, utilization of Al-based anodes is significantly limited by drastic capacity fading during cycling. Herein, a systematic study is performed to investigate the kinetics of electrochemical lithiation of Al thin films to understand the mechanisms governing the phase transformation, by using an operando light microscopy platform. Operando videos reveal that nuclei appear at random positions and expand to form quasi-circular patches that grow and merge until the phase transformation is complete. Based on this direct evidence, models of the lithiation processes in Al anodes are discussed and reaction-controlled kinetics are suggested. The growth rate of LiAl depends on the potential and increases considerably as higher overpotentials are approached. Lastly, improved cycling performance of Al-based anodes can be realized by two approaches: 1) by controlling the lithiation extent, the cycling life of Al thin film is extended from 5 cycles to 25 cycles; 2) the performance can be optimized by adjusting the kinetics. Together, this work offers a renewed promise for the commercialization of Al-based anodes in LIBs where the performance requirements are compatible with the proposed cycle life-extending strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Zheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Dominik Kramer
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU), 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mohammad H Tahmasebi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Reiner Mönig
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU), 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Steven T Boles
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Nieradko M, Eskandarian L, Semenikhin OA. Aluminum anodes coated with polymer electrolyte show improved reversibility and cycling ability in Li-Ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cui J, Yang J, Man J, Li S, Yin J, Ma L, He W, Sun J, Hu J. Porous Al/Al2O3 two-phase nanonetwork to improve electrochemical properties of porous C/SiO2 as anode for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Prakash S, Zhang C, Park JD, Razmjooei F, Yu JS. Silicon core-mesoporous shell carbon spheres as high stability lithium-ion battery anode. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 534:47-54. [PMID: 30205254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
An innovative and simple synthesis strategy of silicon nanoparticle (Si NP) core covered by mesoporous shell carbon (MSC) structure is demonstrated. The Si core@MSC (SCMSC) composite is developed for addressing the issues for Si anode material in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) such as high volume expansion and low electrical conductivity. Significant improvement in the electrochemical performance for the SCMSC anode is observed compared with bare Si anode. The SCMSC composite delivers an initial specific capacity of 2450 mAh g-1 at 0.166 A g-1 with Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% for 100 cycles. Compared to bare Si anode, the SCMSC anode exhibits much higher Li storage capacity, superior cyclability, and good rate capability, highlighting the advantages of hierarchical MSC in the SCMSC structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengodu Prakash
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Chunfei Zhang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Deok Park
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Fatemeh Razmjooei
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sung Yu
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Liedtke S, Grüner C, Gerlach JW, Rauschenbach B. Comparative study of sculptured metallic thin films deposited by oblique angle deposition at different temperatures. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:954-962. [PMID: 29600156 PMCID: PMC5870142 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metals with a wide range of melting points are deposited by electron beam evaporation under oblique deposition geometry on thermally oxidized Si substrates. During deposition the sample holder is cooled down to 77 K. It is observed that all obliquely deposited metals grow as tilted, high aspect ratio columns and hence with a similar morphology. A comparison of such columns with those deposited at room temperature (300 K) reveals that shadowing dominates the growth process for columns deposited at 77 K, while the impact of surface diffusion is significantly increased at elevated substrate temperatures. Furthermore, it is discussed how the incidence angle of the incoming particle flux and the substrate temperature affect the columnar tilt angles and the porosity of the sculptured thin films. Exemplarily for tilted Al columns deposited at 77 K and at 300 K, in-plane pole figure measurements are carried out. A tendency to form a biaxial texture as well as a change in the crystalline structure depending on the substrate temperature is found for those films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Liedtke
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Grüner
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen W Gerlach
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Rauschenbach
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
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8
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Facile synthesis N-doped hollow carbon spheres from spherical solid silica. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 511:203-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Multi-characterization of LiCoO 2 cathode films using advanced AFM-based techniques with high resolution. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11164. [PMID: 28924172 PMCID: PMC5603513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTARCT The thin film Li-ion batteries have been extensively used in micro-electronic devices due to their miniaturization, high capacity density and environmental friendliness, etc. In order to further prolong the lifetime of the film batteries, one of important tasks is to explore the aging mechanisms of the cathode films. In this paper, we especially focused on the multi-characterization of the LiCoO2 film in nanoscale, which is carried out by combining advanced AFM-based techniques with capacity measurement. The surface morphology, contact stiffness as well as surface potential were measured by amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) and kelvin probe force microscope (KPFM), respectively. Remarkable changes after different numbers of charge/discharge cycling were observed and the intrinsic reasons of them were discussed in detail. To acknowledge the relationship with these microscopic changes, the macro-capacity of the thin films was also measured by the galvanostatic charge/discharge method. These comprehensive results would provide a deep insight into the fading mechanism of the cathode film, being helpful for the design and selection of the cathode film materials for high performance batteries.
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Tong X, Zhang F, Ji B, Sheng M, Tang Y. Carbon-Coated Porous Aluminum Foil Anode for High-Rate, Long-Term Cycling Stability, and High Energy Density Dual-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:9979-9985. [PMID: 27678136 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A 3D porous Al foil coated with a uniform carbon layer (pAl/C) is prepared and used as the anode and current collector in a dual-ion battery (DIB). The pAl/C-graphite DIB demonstrates superior cycling stability and high rate performance, achieving a highly reversible capacity of 93 mAh g-1 after 1000 cycles at 2 C over the voltage range of 3.0-4.95 V. In addition, the DIB could achieve an energy density of ≈204 Wh kg-1 at a high power density of 3084 W kg-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Tong
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bifa Ji
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Maohua Sheng
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Electrochemical performance of Al–Ni/MWCNTs nanocomposite anode for Li-ion batteries: the effect of MWCNT amount. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-016-0960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Huang Y, Lin X, Pan Q, Li Q, Zhang X, Yan Z, Wu X, He Z, Wang H. Al@C/Expanded Graphite Composite as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Chen G, Chen Y, Guo Q, Wang H, Li B. Template-free electrodeposition of AlFe alloy nanowires from a room-temperature ionic liquid as an anode material for Li-ion batteries. Faraday Discuss 2016; 190:97-108. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00211g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AlFe alloy nanowires were directly electrodeposited on copper substrates from trimethylamine hydrochloride (TMHC)–AlCl3 ionic liquids with small amounts of FeCl3 at room temperature without templates. Coin cells composed of AlFe alloy nanowire electrodes and lithium foils were assembled to characterize the alloy electrochemical properties by galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. Effects of FeCl3 concentration, potential and temperature on the alloy morphology, composition and cyclic performance were examined. Addition of Fe into the alloy changed the nanowires from a ‘hill-like’ bulk morphology to a free-standing morphology, and increased the coverage area of the alloy on Cu substrates. As an inactive element, Fe could also buffer the alloys' large volume changes during Li intercalation and deintercalation. AlFe alloy nanowires composed of a small amount of Fe with an average diameter of 140 nm exhibited an outstanding cyclic performance and delivered a specific capacity of about 570 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles. This advanced template-free method for the direct preparation of high performance nanostructure AlFe alloy anode materials is quite simple and inexpensive, which presents a promising prospect for practical application in Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- East china University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- East china University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- East china University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Heng Wang
- East china University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Bing Li
- East china University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
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14
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Li QY, Pan QC, Yang GH, Lin XL, Yan ZX, Wang HQ, Huang YG. Facile synthesis of a novel Al-based composite as an anode for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18134h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel Al/MoS2/C composite with a facile ball milling method can improve the electrochemical performance significantly as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Qi-Chang Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Guan-Hua Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Xi-Le Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Hong-Qiang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - You-Guo Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
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Bhattacharjya D, Park HY, Kim MS, Choi HS, Inamdar SN, Yu JS. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles by flame synthesis as anode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:318-324. [PMID: 24345084 DOI: 10.1021/la403366e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped turbostratic carbon nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared using fast single-step flame synthesis by directly burning acetonitrile in air atmosphere and investigated as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The as-prepared N-doped carbon NPs show excellent Li-ion stoarage properties with initial discharge capacity of 596 mA h g(-1), which is 17% more than that shown by the corresponding undoped carbon NPs synthesized by identical process with acetone as carbon precursor and also much higher than that of commercial graphite anode. Further analysis shows that the charge-discharge process of N-doped carbon is highly stable and reversible not only at high current density but also over 100 cycles, retaining 71% of initial discharge capacity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy also shows that N-doped carbon has better conductivity for charge and ions than that of undoped carbon. The high specific capacity and very stable cyclic performance are attributed to large number of turbostratic defects and N and associated increased O content in the flame-synthesized N-doped carbon. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report which demonstrates single-step, direct flame synthesis of N-doped turbostratic carbon NPs and their application as a potential anode material with high capacity and superior battery performance. The method is extremely simple, low cost, energy efficient, very effective, and can be easily scaled up for large scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrubajyoti Bhattacharjya
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea
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