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Jimenez-Marcos C, Mirza-Rosca JC, Baltatu MS, Vizureanu P. Experimental Research on New Developed Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9110686. [PMID: 36421087 PMCID: PMC9688035 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of two new titanium alloys, Ti20Mo7Zr and Ti20Mo7Zr0.5Si, are investigated in this paper. The alloys have been manufactured by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) technique and studied to determine their microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties. Metallographic observations and quantitative microanalysis by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy SEM, and energy dispersive X-rays spectroscopy EDX were performed. Data about the three-point bending test and microhardness are presented. For electrochemical properties, three different environments were used: Ringer solution at 25 °C, Ringer solution at 40 °C simulating fever condition, and 3.5% NaCl solution. Metallographic investigation revealed the biphasic and dendritic structure of both samples when the procedures were performed. Electrochemical testing in body simulation fluid, fever conditions, and saline medium showed that the lower the proportion of silicon in the samples, the higher the corrosion resistance. The formation of a titanium oxide layer on the surface of both samples was noticed using quantitative EDX analysis. The three-point bending test for the two samples revealed that the presence of silicon decreases the modulus of elasticity; the surface of the samples displayed soft and hard phases in the microhardness test. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were carried out at different potentials, and the obtained spectra exhibit a two-time constant system, attesting double-layer passive film on the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Jimenez-Marcos
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, 35017 Tafira, Spain
| | - Julia Claudia Mirza-Rosca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, 35017 Tafira, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.-R.); (M.S.B.); (P.V.)
| | - Madalina Simona Baltatu
- Department of Technologies and Equipment for Materials Processing, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iaşi, 700050 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.-R.); (M.S.B.); (P.V.)
| | - Petrica Vizureanu
- Department of Technologies and Equipment for Materials Processing, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iaşi, 700050 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.-R.); (M.S.B.); (P.V.)
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Assessment of Titanate Nanolayers in Terms of Their Physicochemical and Biological Properties. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14040806. [PMID: 33567667 PMCID: PMC7915217 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The surface modification of titanium substrates and its alloys in order to improve their osseointegration properties is one of widely studied issues related to the design and production of modern orthopedic and dental implants. In this paper, we discuss the results concerning Ti6Al4V substrate surface modification by (a) alkaline treatment with a 7 M NaOH solution, and (b) production of a porous coating (anodic oxidation with the use of potential U = 5 V) and then treating its surface in the abovementioned alkaline solution. We compared the apatite-forming ability of unmodified and surface-modified titanium alloy in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1–4 weeks. Analysis of the X-ray diffraction patterns of synthesized coatings allowed their structure characterization before and after immersing in SBF. The obtained nanolayers were studied using Raman spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Elemental analysis was carried out using X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (SEM EDX). Wettability and biointegration activity (on the basis of the degree of integration of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells, L929 fibroblasts, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured in vitro on the sample surface) were also evaluated. The obtained results proved that the surfaces of Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V covered by TiO2 nanoporous coatings, which were modified by titanate layers, promote apatite formation in the environment of body fluids and possess optimal biointegration properties for fibroblasts and osteoblasts.
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She Z, Nie Y, Zhong H, Liu L, Yu S, Li Y. Effect of surface deformation on biocompatibility of biomedical alloys. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111636. [PMID: 33321674 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, biocompatibility of Co-29Cr-5Mo (CCM), 316L steel (316L) and Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) alloys after surface plastic deformation under the condition comparable to the human ankle activities were investigated in details. Biocompatibility of all alloys decreases after surface deformation, while it is most significantly observed in CCM alloy. The different responses of biocompatibility are related to the corresponding microstructure evolution during surface deformation: martensitic phase transformation, dislocation slipping and mechanical twinning in CCM alloy result in the extremely localized microstructure, giving rise to the obviously decreased corrosion resistance or biocompatibility; quite homogenous microstructure after surface deformation leads to the slightly decreased corrosion resistance or biocompatibility in both 316L and TC4 alloys, since the surface deformation is dominated by slipping in 316L and by both slipping and a few mechanical twinning in TC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong She
- State Key Lab for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yan Nie
- State Key Lab for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Shu Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High-strength Structural Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yunping Li
- State Key Lab for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Phosphate Porous Coatings Enriched with Selected Elements via PEO Treatment on Titanium and Its Alloys: A Review. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112468. [PMID: 32481746 PMCID: PMC7321118 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper shows that the subject of porous coatings fabrication by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO), known also as Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO), is still current, inter alia because metals and alloys, which can be treated by the PEO method, for example, titanium, niobium, tantalum and their alloys, are increasingly available for sale. On the international market, apart from scientific works/activity developed at universities, scientific research on the PEO coatings is also underway in companies such as Keronite (Great Britain), Magoxid-Coat (Germany), Mofratech (France), Machaon (Russia), as well as CeraFuse, Tagnite, Microplasmic (USA). In addition, it should be noted that the development of the space industry and implantology will force the production of trouble-free micro- and macro-machines with very high durability. Another aspect in favor of this technique is the rate of part treatment, which does not exceed several dozen minutes, and usually only lasts a few minutes. Another advantage is functionalization of fabricated surface through thermal or hydrothermal modification of fabricated coatings, or other methods (Physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sol-gel), including also reoxidation by PEO treatment in another electrolyte. In the following chapters, coatings obtained both in aqueous solutions and electrolytes based on orthophosphoric acid will be presented; therein, dependent on the PEO treatment and the electrolyte used, they are characterized by different properties associated with their subsequent use. The possibilities for using coatings produced by means of plasma electrolytic oxidation are very wide, beginning from various types of catalysts, gas sensors, to biocompatible and antibacterial coatings, as well as hard wear coatings used in machine parts, among others, used in the aviation and aerospace industries.
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Surface Properties of Retrieved Cementless Femoral Hip Endoprostheses Produced from a Ti6Al7Nb Alloy. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated new and retrieved cementless hip endoprostheses that prematurely failed due to (i) aseptic loosening, (ii) infection and (iii) latent infection. The aim was to better understand the physico-chemical phenomena on the surfaces and sub-surfaces of the Ti6Al7Nb alloy implant. The results of our studies should enable us to distinguish the causes of premature failure, optimize the surface modification, achieve optimal osseointegration and extend the useful lifetime of the implants. The surface properties of the Ti6Al7Nb alloys of the hip-stem endoprostheses (30 retrieved and 2 new) were determined by contact-angle measurements and the average surface roughness. The surface chemistry and microstructure were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for the chemistry, and electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) for the phase analysis; Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for the surface chemistry; and electrochemical measurements for the corrosion. The improved wettability of the grit-blasted surface of the Ti6Al7Nb stems after autoclaving was measured, as was the super wettability after oxygen-plasma sterilization. The secondary-electron images showed that the morphology and microstructure of the new and retrieved stems (prematurely failed due to aseptic loosening, infection and latent infection) differ slightly, while the EDS analysis revealed corundum contamination of the grit-blasted surface. We found corundum-contaminated Ti6Al7Nb stem surfaces and sub-surfaces for all the investigated new and retrieved implants. These residues are a potential problem, i.e., third-body wear particles, and probably induce the osteolysis and aseptic loosening.
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Li B, Zhang L, Li Y, Li H, Zhou L, Liang C, Wang H. Corrosion Resistance and Biological Properties of Anatase and Rutile Coatings on a Titanium Surface. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baoe Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Linxi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Chunyong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Hongshui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Xiu P, Jia Z, Zhang T, Yin C, Cheng Y, Cai H, Zhang K, Song C, Leng H, Yuan W, Liu Z. Effect of vanadium released from micro-arc oxidized porous Ti6Al4V on biocompatibility in orthopedic applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 169:366-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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The Influence of the Electrolyte Nature and PEO Process Parameters on Properties of Anodized Ti-15Mo Alloy Intended for Biomedical Applications. METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/met8050370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hao J, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Li B, Li H, Zhou L, Yin F, Liang C, Wang H. Corrosion resistance and biological properties of a micro–nano structured Ti surface consisting of TiO2 and hydroxyapatite. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01175j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A micro–nanostructured Ti surface consisting of TiO2 and HA was prepared by MAO, and showed improved corrosion resistance and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzu Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Ying Li
- Stomatological Hospital
- Tianjin Medical University
- Tianjin 300070
- China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Xianlin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Baoe Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Haipeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Linxi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Fuxing Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Chunyong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - Hongshui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
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TYLKO G. Cells on biomaterials - some aspects of elemental analysis by means of electron probes. J Microsc 2015; 261:185-95. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. TYLKO
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
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Kazek-Kęsik A, Kuna K, Dec W, Widziołek M, Tylko G, Osyczka AM, Simka W. In vitrobioactivity investigations of Ti-15Mo alloy after electrochemical surface modification. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:903-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karolina Kuna
- Faculty of Chemistry; Silesian University of Technology; Gliwice Poland
| | - Weronika Dec
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering; Silesian University of Technology; Gliwice Poland
| | - Magdalena Widziołek
- Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - Grzegorz Tylko
- Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - Anna M. Osyczka
- Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - Wojciech Simka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Silesian University of Technology; Gliwice Poland
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Mohedano M, Matykina E, Arrabal R, Pardo A, Merino M. Metal release from ceramic coatings for dental implants. Dent Mater 2014; 30:e28-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Modification of niobium surfaces using plasma electrolytic oxidation in silicate solutions. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Krząkała A, Kazek-Kęsik A, Simka W. Application of plasma electrolytic oxidation to bioactive surface formation on titanium and its alloys. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43465f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Simka W, Krząkała A, Masełbas M, Dercz G, Szade J, Winiarski A, Michalska J. Formation of bioactive coatings on Ti–13Nb–13Zr alloy for hard tissue implants. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23256e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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