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A Review: Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) for Visualizing the Real-Time Local Catalytic Activity. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a powerful scanning probe technique for measuring the in situ electrochemical reactions occurring at various sample interfaces, such as the liquid-liquid, solid-liquid, and liquid-gas. The tip/probe of SECM is usually an ultramicroelectrode (UME) or a nanoelectrode that can move towards or over the sample of interest controlled by a precise motor positioning system. Remarkably, electrocatalysts play a crucial role in addressing the surge in global energy consumption by providing sustainable alternative energy sources. Therefore, the precise measurement of catalytic reactions offers profound insights for designing novel catalysts as well as for enhancing their performance. SECM proves to be an excellent tool for characterization and screening catalysts as the probe can rapidly scan along one direction over the sample array containing a large number of different compositions. These features make SECM more appealing than other conventional methodologies for assessing bulk solutions. SECM can be employed for investigating numerous catalytic reactions including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), water oxidation, glucose oxidation reaction (GOR), and CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) with high spatial resolution. Moreover, for improving the catalyst design, several SECM modes can be applied based on the catalytic reactions under evaluation. This review aims to present a brief overview of the recent applications of electrocatalysts and their kinetics as well as catalytic sites in electrochemical reactions, such as oxygen reduction, water oxidation, and methanol oxidation.
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Belles L, Moularas C, Smykała S, Deligiannakis Y. Flame Spray Pyrolysis Co 3O 4/CoO as Highly-Efficient Nanocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:925. [PMID: 33916435 PMCID: PMC8066371 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the rate-limiting reaction in the cathode side of fuel cells. In the quest for alternatives to Pt-electrodes as cathodes in ORR, appropriate transition metal oxide-based electrocatalysts are needed. In the present work, we have synthesized Co3O4 and CoO/Co3O4 nanostructures using flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), as electrocatalysts for ORR in acidic and alkaline media. A detailed study of the effect of (Co-oxide)/Pt ratio on ORR efficiency shows that the present FSP-made Co-oxides are able to perform ORR at very low-Pt loading, 0.4% of total metal content. In acid medium, an electrode with (5.2% Pt + 4.8% Co3O4), achieved the highest ORR performance (Jmax = 8.31 mA/cm2, E1/2 = 0.66 V). In alkaline medium, superior performance and stability have been achieved by an electrode with (0.4%Pt + 9.6% (CoO/Co3O4)) with ORR activity (Jmax = 3.5 mA/cm2, E1/2 = 0.08 V). Using XRD, XPS, Raman and TEM data, we discuss the structural and electronic aspects of the FSP-made Co-oxide catalysts in relation to the ORR performance. Cyclic voltammetry data indicate that the ORR process involves active sites associated with Co3+ cations at the cobalt oxide surface. Technology-wise, the present work demonstrates that the developed FSP-protocols, constitutes a novel scalable process for production of co-oxides appropriate for oxygen reduction reaction electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukas Belles
- Laboratory of Physics Chemistry of Materials & Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45550 Ioannina, Greece; (L.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Constantinos Moularas
- Laboratory of Physics Chemistry of Materials & Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45550 Ioannina, Greece; (L.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Szymon Smykała
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, 18a Konarskiego St, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Yiannis Deligiannakis
- Laboratory of Physics Chemistry of Materials & Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45550 Ioannina, Greece; (L.B.); (C.M.)
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Limani N, Boudet A, Blanchard N, Jousselme B, Cornut R. Local probe investigation of electrocatalytic activity. Chem Sci 2020; 12:71-98. [PMID: 34163583 PMCID: PMC8178752 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04319b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As the world energy crisis remains a long-term challenge, development and access to renewable energy sources are crucial for a sustainable modern society. Electrochemical energy conversion devices are a promising option for green energy supply, although the challenge associated with electrocatalysis have caused increasing complexity in the materials and systems, demanding further research and insights. In this field, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) represents a specific source of knowledge and understanding. Thus, our aim is to present recent findings on electrocatalysts for electrolysers and fuel cells, acquired mainly through scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and other related scanning probe techniques. This review begins with an introduction to the principles of several SPM techniques and then proceeds to the research done on various energy-related reactions, by emphasizing the progress on non-noble electrocatalytic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Limani
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - A Boudet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - N Blanchard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - B Jousselme
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - R Cornut
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
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Unique advantages of 2D inorganic nanosheets in exploring high-performance electrocatalysts: Synthesis, application, and perspective. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Liu J, Xie Y, Nan Y, Gou G, Li X, Fang Y, Wang X, Tang Y, Yang H, Ma J. ZnCo2O4 nanoparticles derived from dual-metal-organic-frameworks embedded in Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes: a favorable electrocatalyst for the water splitting. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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A Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst Derived from Polyaniline@CNTs−SPS for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ma L, Zhou H, Sun Y, Xin S, Xiao C, Kumatani A, Matsue T, Zhang P, Ding S, Li F. Nanosheet-structured NiCoO2/carbon nanotubes hybrid composite as a novel bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhao Q, Yan Z, Chen C, Chen J. Spinels: Controlled Preparation, Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Reaction Application, and Beyond. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10121-10211. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 854] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chengcheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Ultrafine Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rong H, Jiang Z, Cheng S, Chen B, Zhen Z, Deng B, Qin Y, Xie G, Jiang ZJ, Liu M. Significantly enhanced electrochemical performance of a ZnCo2O4 anode in a carbonate based electrolyte with fluoroethylene carbonate. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01821e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile inexpensive and effective way to improve the performance of a Li/ZnCo2O4 cell by using fluoroethylene carbonate as an additive to the conventional carbonate-based electrolyte has been reported.
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Takahashi Y, Kumatani A, Shiku H, Matsue T. Scanning Probe Microscopy for Nanoscale Electrochemical Imaging. Anal Chem 2016; 89:342-357. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Takahashi
- Division
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Precursory
Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Akichika Kumatani
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Graduate
School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsue
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Graduate
School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Polcari D, Dauphin-Ducharme P, Mauzeroll J. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental Parameters from 1989 to 2015. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13234-13278. [PMID: 27736057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Polcari
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec Canada, H3A 0B8
| | - Philippe Dauphin-Ducharme
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec Canada, H3A 0B8
| | - Janine Mauzeroll
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec Canada, H3A 0B8
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