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Das S, Mondal S, Ghosh D. Carbon quantum dots in bioimaging and biomedicines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1333752. [PMID: 38318419 PMCID: PMC10841552 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1333752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are gaining a lot more attention than traditional semiconductor quantum dots owing to their intrinsic fluorescence property, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and simple and inexpensive synthetic route of preparation. These properties allow CQDs to be utilized for a broad range of applications in various fields of scientific research including biomedical sciences, particularly in bioimaging and biomedicines. CQDs are a promising choice for advanced nanomaterials research for bioimaging and biomedicines owing to their unique chemical, physical, and optical properties. CQDs doped with hetero atom, or polymer composite materials are extremely advantageous for biochemical, biological, and biomedical applications since they are easy to prepare, biocompatible, and have beneficial properties. This type of CQD is highly useful in phototherapy, gene therapy, medication delivery, and bioimaging. This review explores the applications of CQDs in bioimaging and biomedicine, highlighting recent advancements and future possibilities to increase interest in their numerous advantages for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Somnath Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Tripti T, Singh P, Rani N, Kumar S, Kumar K, Kumar P. Carbon dots as potential candidate for photocatalytic treatment of dye wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6738-6765. [PMID: 38157163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Water is the utmost important element for the existence of life. In recent decades, water resources have become highly contaminated by a variety of pollutants, especially toxic dyes that are harmful to both living beings and environment. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop more effective methods than traditional wastewater treatment approaches for treatment of hazardous dyes. Herein, we have addressed the various aspects related to the effective and economically feasible method for photocatalytic degradation of these dyes employing carbon dots. The photocatalysts based on carbon dots including those mediated from biomass have many superiorities over conventional methods such as utilization of economically affordable, non-toxic, rapid reactions, and simple post-processing steps. The current study will also facilitate better insight into the understanding of photocatalytic treatment of dye-polluted wastewater for future wastewater treatment studies. Additionally, the possible mechanistic pathways of photocatalytic dye decontamination, several challenges, and future perspectives have also been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Tripti
- J. C, Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, 121006, Haryana, India
| | - Permender Singh
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, 131039, Haryana, India
| | - Neeru Rani
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, 131039, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- J. C, Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, 121006, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, 131039, Haryana, India
| | - Parmod Kumar
- J. C, Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, 121006, Haryana, India.
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Hu JH, Wang CH, Bai QH, Chen LX, Zhao AT, Yuan SW, Chen Q, Ma PH, Tao Z, Xiao X. Cucurbit[7]uril-based carbon dots for recognizing histamine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13851-13854. [PMID: 37936519 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized from cucurbit[7]uril (Q[7]) and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic (DMPA) by a hydrothermal method. The Q[7]-DMPA complex was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The CQDs showed blue fluorescence, photostability, and ionic strength stability. They were used to detect histamine with a low limit of 2.33 × 10-6 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Cheng-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Qing-Hong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Li-Xia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - An-Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Shang-Wei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Pei-Hua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Karkeh-Abadi F, Ghiyasiyan-Arani M, Salavati-Niasari M. Sonochemical synthesized BaMoO 4/ZnO nanocomposites as electrode materials: A comparative study on GO and GQD employed in hydrogen storage. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 90:106167. [PMID: 36122482 PMCID: PMC9486124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to poor rate proficiency and electrochemical capacity of transition metal oxides, production electrode materials as operative way to develop the electrochemical performance is a crucial strategy to make sure the great electroactive sites and fast electron/ion diffusion route. In order to solve this problem, carbon-based nanocomposites as conductive substrates are applied. The nanostructured BaMoO4/ZnO was produced by sonochemical method in the presence of tween 20 as stabilizing agent. Effect of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and graphene oxide (GO) for developing hydrogen capacity of BaMoO4/ZnO was studied by providing representative composites of BaMoO4/ZnO-GQDs and BaMoO4/ZnO-GO. For this purpose, GQDs was synthesized using green source of Spiraea crenata and the GO provided by commercial company. The structural analysis shows preparation of scales-like morphology of BaMoO4/ZnO without any impurities through SEM, TEM, XRD, EDS and FT-IR characterization data. Also, the specific surface area for BaMoO4/ZnO-GQDs (11 m2/g) and BaMoO4/ZnO-GO (124 m2/g) nanocomposites increased by comparing to BaMoO4/ZnO (9.1 m2/g). The resultant nanocomposites used as new active compounds for applying in hydrogen storage strategies using cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry tests. Comprehensively, the hydrogen capacitance after 15 cycles was demonstrated on the nanostructured BaMoO4/ZnO about 129 mAhg-1. It demanded the maximum capacitance for BaMoO4/ZnO-GQDs and BaMoO4/ZnO-GO nanocomposites were 284 and 213 mAhg-1 respectively, which was higher than the initial nanostructured BaMoO4/ZnO. It was exposed from the carbon based structured that; the endorsed electrochemical hydrogen storage (EHS) performance is ascribed to the reaction of the redox pair of Mo6+ /Mo5+ at the active sites throughout the EHS procedure. This study delivers a novel plan and potential sorption electrode materials to progress the intrinsic action of conductive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Karkeh-Abadi
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box.87317-51167, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghiyasiyan-Arani
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box.87317-51167, Kashan, Iran
| | - Masoud Salavati-Niasari
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box.87317-51167, Kashan, Iran.
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5
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Bacterial cellulose production from wastewater and the influence of its porosity on the fluorescence intensity of prepared carbon dots. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hybrid ternary nanocomposite of N-doped carbon quantum dots@SnO2/multiwall carbon nanotubes: A robust and sensitive electrocatalyst for the detection of antineoplastic agent gallic acid. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Xu Z, Wang Y, Liu M, Sarwar MK, Zhao Y. Defects enriched cobalt molybdate induced by carbon dots for a high rate Li-ion battery anode. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:075402. [PMID: 34407512 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1ebf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A defects-enriched CoMoO4/carbon dot (CD) with CoMoO4around 37 nm is achieved via hydrothermal reaction by introducing CDs to buffer large volume changes of CoMoO4during lithiation-delithiation and enhance rate performance. The phase, morphology, microstructure, as well as the interface of the CoMoO4/CD composites were investigated by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. When employed as Li-ion battery anode, the CoMoO4/CD exhibits a reversible capacity of ∼531 mAh g-1after 400 cycles at a current density of 2.0 A g-1. Under the scan rate at 2 mV s-1, the CoMoO4/CD shows accounts for 81.1% pseudocapacitance. It may attribute to the CoMoO4with surface defects given more reaction sites to facilitate electrons and lithium ions transfer at high current densities. Through galvanostatic intermittent titration technique, the average lithium ion diffusion coefficient calculated is an order of magnitude larger than that of bulk CoMoO4, indicating that the CoMoO4/CD possesses promising electrons and lithium ions transportation performance as anode material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Xu
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Khaqan Sarwar
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixing Zhao
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- Nanchang University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
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8
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Shiralizadeh Dezfuli A, Kohan E, Tehrani Fateh S, Alimirzaei N, Arzaghi H, Hamblin MR. Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2253-2291. [PMID: 35424170 PMCID: PMC8693874 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic dots is a term used to represent materials including graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots because they rely on the presence of other atoms (O, H, and N) for their photoluminescence or fluorescence properties. They generally have a small size (as low as 2.5 nm), and show good photostability under prolonged irradiation. The excitation and emission wavelengths of O-dots can be tailored according to their synthetic procedure, where although their quantum yield is quite low compared with organic dyes, this is partly compensated by their large absorption coefficients. A wide range of strategies have been used to modify the surface of O-dots for passivation, improving their solubility and biocompatibility, and allowing the attachment of targeting moieties and therapeutic cargos. Hybrid nanostructures based on O-dots have been used for theranostic applications, particularly for cancer imaging and therapy. This review covers the synthesis, physics, chemistry, and characterization of O-dots. Their applications cover the prevention of protein fibril formation, and both controlled and targeted drug and gene delivery. Multifunctional therapeutic and imaging platforms have been reported, which combine four or more separate modalities, frequently including photothermal or photodynamic therapy and imaging and drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Ronash Technology Pars Company Tehran Iran
| | - Elmira Kohan
- Department of Science, University of Kurdistan Kurdistan Sanandaj Iran
| | - Sepand Tehrani Fateh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) Tehran Iran
| | - Neda Alimirzaei
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan Kashan Iran
| | - Hamidreza Arzaghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg Doornfontein 2028 South Africa
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9
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Preparation and Properties of Cyanobacteria-Based Carbon Quantum Dots/Polyvinyl Alcohol/ Nanocellulose Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051143. [PMID: 32429528 PMCID: PMC7285183 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared from cyanobacteria by a hydrothermal method. The PL quantum yields of the obtained CQDs was 5.30%. Cyanobacteria-based carbon quantum dots/polyvinyl alcohol/nanocellulose composite films were prepared, which could emit bright blue under UV light. FTIR characterization showed that the composite films had hydroxyl groups on the surface and no new groups were formed after combining the three materials. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra revealed that the emission of the prepared CQDs was excitation dependent. Studies on the water resistance performance and light barrier properties of the composite films showed that they possessed higher water resistance properties and better UV/infrared light barrier properties. Therefore, we report the cyanobacteria-based carbon quantum dots/polyvinyl alcohol/nanocellulose composite films have the potential to be applied in flexible packaging materials, anti-fake materials, UV/infrared light barrier materials and so on.
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Yin H, Gao D, Qiu Y, Yi G, Li J, Dong Y, Zhang K, Xia Z, Fu Q. Carbon source self-heating: ultrafast, energy-efficient and room temperature synthesis of highly fluorescent N, S-codoped carbon dots for quantitative detection of Fe(iii) ions in biological samples. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1483-1492. [PMID: 36132331 PMCID: PMC9419051 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00806c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, photoluminescent (PL) carbon dots (CDs) have attracted enormous attention because of their many fascinating properties. However, the traditional synthesis routes of PL CDs usually suffer from relatively low quantum yields (QYs) and require complicated operation processes as well as lots of externally supplied energy. Herein, we report a room temperature, green, ultrafast and energy-efficient route for large scale synthesis of highly PL N, S-codoped CDs without any external energy supply. The N, S-codoped CDs are prepared through a novel carbon source self-heating strategy, using the sole precursor tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) simultaneously as the carbon, nitrogen and heat source, triggered by the heat initiator sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8). The large amount of heat released from Na2S2O8-triggered oxidation of TEPA could effectively promote the spontaneous polymerization and carbonization of TEPA precursors themselves as well as the in situ co-doping of sulfur, which had marked synergistic effects on the fluorescence enhancement of CDs, eventually leading to the high-yield (58.0%) preparation of highly fluorescent N, S-codoped CDs (QY 26.4%) at room temperature within 2 min. Moreover, the fluorescence of N, S-codoped CDs could be selectively quenched by Fe3+ ions in the presence of EDTA, in an ultra-wide range of 0.2-600 μM, with a detection limit of 0.10 μM. Ultimately, the fluorescent nanoprobe was successfully used for the quantitative detection of Fe3+ in human serum samples, indicating its great potential for sensing and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Die Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Yan Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Gaoyi Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Kailian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China
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11
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Huang P, Xu S, Zhang M, Zhong W, Xiao Z, Luo Y. Modulation doping of absorbent cotton derived carbon dots for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26133-26145. [PMID: 31750464 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04880d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSC), a series of absorbent cotton derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with different dopants (namely carbamide, thiourea, and 1,3-diaminopropane) have been successfully synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method. The average particle sizes of the three doped CQDs are 1.7 nm, 5.6 nm, and 1.4 nm respectively, smaller than that of the undoped ones (24.2 nm). The morphological and structural characteristics of the four CQDs have been studied in detail. In addition, the three doped CQDs exhibit better optical properties compared with the undoped ones in the UV-vis and PL spectra. Then CQD-based QDSC are experimentally fabricated, showing that the short current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of the QDSC are distinctly improved owing to the dopants. Especially the QDSC with the 1,3-diaminopropane doped CQD achieves the highest PCE (0.527%), 299% larger than that without dopant (0.176%). In order to highlight a reasonable mechanism, the UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrum of CQD sensitized TiO2 and the calculated energy band structures of various CQDs are investigated. It's found from the above analysis that the addition of carbamide, thiourea, and 1,3-diaminopropane is beneficial to obtain CQDs of smaller size, and with a smaller band gap and more nitrogenous or sulphureous functional groups, which enhance the light absorption performance and photo-excitation properties. The above factors are helpful to improve the Jsc of QDSC. Nitrogen, acting as a donor to the CQDs, will assist the sensitized photoanode with a higher Fermi level, resulting in a larger Voc of the QSDC. Finally this study builds the relation among the microstructure of the CQDs, three characteristics of the CQDs (namely the spectra, energy band structure and functional groups) and the photoelectric properties of the QDSC, which will provide guidance for the modulation doping of CQDs to improve the PCE of QDSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. and Xinyu Institute of New Energy, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China.
| | - Shunjian Xu
- Xinyu Institute of New Energy, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Wei Zhong
- Xinyu Institute of New Energy, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China.
| | - Zonghu Xiao
- Xinyu Institute of New Energy, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China.
| | - Yongping Luo
- Xinyu Institute of New Energy, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China.
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12
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Li X, Lv Y, Pan D. Pt catalysts supported on lignin-based carbon dots for methanol electro-oxidation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Molaei MJ. Carbon quantum dots and their biomedical and therapeutic applications: a review. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6460-6481. [PMID: 35518468 PMCID: PMC9061119 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08088g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nano carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have received increasing attention due to their properties such as small size, fluorescence emission, chemical stability, water solubility, easy synthesis, and the possibility of functionalization. CQDs are fluorescent 0D carbon nanostructures with sizes below 10 nm. The fluorescence in CQDs originates from two sources, the fluorescence emission from bandgap transitions of conjugated π-domains and fluorescence from surface defects. The CQDs can emit fluorescence in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region which makes them appropriate for biomedical applications. The fluorescence in these structures can be tuned with respect to the excitation wavelength. The CQDs have found applications in different areas such as biomedicine, photocatalysis, photosensors, solar energy conversion, light emitting diodes (LEDs), etc. The biomedical applications of CQDs include bioimaging, drug delivery, gene delivery, and cancer therapy. The fluorescent CQDs have low toxicity and other exceptional physicochemical properties in comparison to heavy metals semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) which make them superior candidates for biomedical applications. In this review, the synthesis routes and optical properties of the CQDs are clarified and recent advances in CQDs biomedical applications in bioimaging (in vivo and in vitro), drug delivery, cancer therapy, their potential to pass blood-brain barrier (BBB), and gene delivery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Molaei
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood Iran
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14
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Pan Q, Xu Z, Deng S, Zhang F, Li H, Cheng Y, Wei L, Wang J, Zhou B. A mechanochemically synthesized porous organic polymer derived CQD/chitosan–graphene composite film electrode for electrochemiluminescence determination of dopamine. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39332-39337. [PMID: 35540657 PMCID: PMC9076069 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06912g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we explore a new carbon source for preparation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with controllable composition using a porous organic polymer (POP) derived porous carbon via a nitric acid oxidation method. The POP used for the preparation of CQDs was synthesized by mechanochemical Friedel–Crafts alkylation under solvent free conditions. Using the as-prepared CQDs, we develop a simple and effective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection method for dopamine (DA) using a CQD/chitosan–graphene composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Both the electrochemical and ECL behaviors were studied in detail with ammonium persulfate as a coreactant. The complementary structure and synergistic function of the composite give the ECL sensor special properties. Apart from the high stability, it also presents good repeatability and high sensitivity to DA with a wide linear range from 0.06 to 1.6 μM. And a satisfactory detection limit of 0.028 μM (S/N = 3) was achieved for the prepared sensor. Furthermore, the ECL also shows high selectivity toward DA with an excellent interference resistance ability at a high concentration ratio of 100 (Cinterference : CDA = 100). In addition, the ECL sensor was successfully applied for effective detection and quantitative analysis of the actual dopamine in human body fluids for disease diagnosis and pathological studies. CQDs were obtained from a POP derived porous carbon via nitric acid oxidation. CQDs/CG composite film with special properties were fabricated and used for ECL detection of DA in human body fluids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiu Pan
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Shue Deng
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Fenglian Zhang
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanzheng Cheng
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Liuya Wei
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Jiangyun Wang
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
| | - Baolong Zhou
- Scholl of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine
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Shankar SS, Shereema RM, Rakhi RB. Electrochemical Determination of Adrenaline Using MXene/Graphite Composite Paste Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43343-43351. [PMID: 30465433 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MXene/graphite composite paste electrode (MXene/GCPE)-based electrochemical sensor has been fabricated for the detection of adrenaline. The electrode exhibits a sensitive response to adrenaline in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.4, and its catalytic activity is much higher than that of the bare graphite paste electrode. The electron-transfer reaction of MXene/GCPE is a diffusion controlled process. The graph of concentration of adrenaline with the peak current exhibits two linearities, one in the lower and other in the higher concentration range with a detection limit of 9.5 nM. The simultaneous analyses of adrenaline, ascorbic acid, and serotonin reveal that the fabricated electrode could separate the overlapped cyclic voltammetric peaks of these ternary mixtures. This electrode has been further employed in the detection of adrenaline in pharmaceutical samples with 99.2-100.8% recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharath Shankar
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division , CSIR-National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695019 , India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences , Central University of Kerala , Kasargod 671314 , India
| | - Rayammarakkar M Shereema
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division , CSIR-National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695019 , India
| | - R B Rakhi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division , CSIR-National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695019 , India
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Shereema RM, Rao TP, Sameer Kumar V, Sruthi T, Vishnu R, Prabhu G, Sharath Shankar S. Individual and simultaneous electrochemical determination of metanil yellow and curcumin on carbon quantum dots based glassy carbon electrode. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:21-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rezaei B, Hassani Z, Shahshahanipour M, Ensafi AA, Mohammadnezhad G. Application of modified mesoporous boehmite (γ-AlOOH) with green synthesis carbon quantum dots for a fabrication biosensor to determine trace amounts of doxorubicin. LUMINESCENCE 2018; 33:1377-1386. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Rezaei
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
| | - Zahra Hassani
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
| | | | - Ali A. Ensafi
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
| | - G. Mohammadnezhad
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
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Dou D, Duan J, Zhao Y, He B, Tang Q. Cubic carbon quantum dots for light-harvesters in mesoscopic solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Ji Y, Zhou Y, Waidely E, Desserre A, Marksberry MH, Chusuei CC, Dar AA, Chat OA, Li S, Leblanc RM. Rheology of a carbon dot gel. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhou Y, Desserre A, Sharma SK, Li S, Marksberry MH, Chusuei CC, Blackwelder PL, Leblanc RM. Gel-like Carbon Dots: Characterization and their Potential Applications. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:890-897. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | | | - Shiv K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | - Shanghao Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | - M. Hensley Marksberry
- Department of Chemistry; Middle Tennessee State University; Murfreesboro Tennessee 37132 USA
| | - Charles C. Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry; Middle Tennessee State University; Murfreesboro Tennessee 37132 USA
| | - Patricia L. Blackwelder
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
- GS/RSMAS; University of Miami; Key Biscayne Florida 33149 USA
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
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Jahanbakhshi M, Habibi B. A novel and facile synthesis of carbon quantum dots via salep hydrothermal treatment as the silver nanoparticles support: Application to electroanalytical determination of H2O2 in fetal bovine serum. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 81:143-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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