1
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Jiang F, Zhu T, Wu H, Li S. Temperature dependence of deposition behavior and corrosion resistance of zinc coatings electroplated on copper substrates from ethaline electrolyte. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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2
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Emanuele E, Li Bassi A, Macrelli A, Mele C, Strada J, Bozzini B. Zinc Electrode Cycling in Deep Eutectic Solvent Electrolytes: An Electrochemical Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030957. [PMID: 36770622 PMCID: PMC9921233 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Among post-lithium ion battery technologies, rechargeable chemistries with Zn anodes bear notable technological promise owing to their high theoretical energy density, lower manufacturing cost, availability of raw materials and inherent safety. However, Zn anodes, when employed in aqueous electrolytes, suffer from hydrogen evolution, passivation, and shape changes. Alternative electrolytes can help tackle these issues, preserving the green and safe characteristics of aqueous-based ones. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are promising green and low-cost non-aqueous solvents for battery electrolytes. Specifically, the cycling of Zn anodes in DESs is expected to be reversible, chiefly owing to their dendrite-suppression capability. Nevertheless, apart from a few studies on Zn plating, insight into the cathodic-anodic electrochemistry of Zn in DESs is still very limited. In view of developing DES-based battery electrolytes, it is crucial to consider that a potential drawback might be their low ionic conductivity. Water molecules can be added to the eutectic mixtures by up to 40% to increase the diffusion coefficient of the electroactive species and lower the electrolyte viscosity without destroying the eutectic nature. In this study, we address the electrochemistry of Zn in two different hydrated DESs (ChU and ChEG with ~30% H2O). Fundamental electrokinetic and electrocrystallization studies based on cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry at different cathodic substrates are completed with a galvanostatic cycling test of Zn|Zn symmetric CR2032 coin cells, SEM imaging of electrodes and in situ SERS spectroscopy. This investigation concludes with the proposal of a specific DES/H2O/ZnSO4-based electrolyte that exhibits optimal functional performance, rationalized on the basis of fundamental electrochemical data, morphology evaluation and modeling of the cycling response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Emanuele
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Li Bassi
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Macrelli
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Mele
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Jacopo Strada
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Benedetto Bozzini
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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3
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Perry SC, White J, Nandhakumar I. Template-free electrochemical deposition of tellurium nanowires with eutectic solvents. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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4
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Son S, Yeo J, Chang J. Cl -/Cl 3- Redox Voltammetry to Recognize the Interfacial Layer on Positively Electrified Carbon in "Water-in-Salt" Electrolytes. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12691-12698. [PMID: 36074896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A "Water-in-Salt" electrolyte solution (WiSE) is a promising aqueous medium for lithium-ion batteries containing highly concentrated electrolytes. For the increased kinetic overpotential of water oxidation in WiSE, the formation of an interfacial layer (IFL) on a positively electrified electrode is crucial. Nonetheless, most related studies have been restricted to theoretical approaches. In this Article, we voltammetrically study the Cl-/Cl3-/Cl2 redox reaction on Pt and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes in WiSE containing LiTFSI (WiSELiTFSI) and demonstrate that careful monitoring of Cl-/Cl3- redox voltammetry can allow recognition of an IFL formed on a positively electrified electrode. The voltammetric wave attributed to the electro-oxidation of Cl- on a GC electrode was negatively more shifted as the molal concentration of LiTFSI was increased from 0.5 to 6 m, while there was no shift on Pt. Also, there was voltammetric resolution into two peaks associated with Cl-/Cl3- and Cl3-/Cl2 on the GC electrode in WiSELiTFSI, while only unresolved, one redox-paired voltammograms were observed on Pt, regardless of the molal concentration of LiTFSI. These two main voltammetric features indicate the LiTFSI-induced IFL coupled with Cl- and Cl3- on a GC electrode induced by an applied potential of ∼2 V versus the point of zero charge (PZC). We found other halide/halogen redox reactions did not show differentiated voltammetric behaviors in WiSELiTFSI, which demonstrates the uniqueness of the Cl-/Cl3- redox reaction for recognizing the IFL formed on a positively charged electrode surface. Lastly, a strong interaction between the IFL and Cl species was also confirmed by XPS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjun Son
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Yeo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.,Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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5
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Wang Z, Cheng M, Bu J, Cheng L, Ru J, Hua Y, Wang D. Understanding the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II) in choline chloride-ethylene glycol deep eutectic solvent for tin powders preparation. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Zhu F, Deng RX, Jiang QH. Effects of Water on Electrochemical Behavior of ZnCl2 and FeCl3 in Deep Eutectic Solvent Composed of Choline Chloride and Urea. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522070163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Bezerra LL, Oliveira FGS, dos Santos LPM, de Sant’Ana HB, Feitosa FX, Correia AN, Schwarzacher W, Marinho ES, de Lima-Neto P, Monteiro NDKV. Electrochemical and theoretical investigation on the behavior of the Co2+ ion in three eutectic solvents. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 112:108137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Xiong Chang X, Mujawar Mubarak N, Ali Mazari S, Sattar Jatoi A, Ahmad A, Khalid M, Walvekar R, Abdullah E, Karri RR, Siddiqui M, Nizamuddin S. A review on the properties and applications of chitosan, cellulose and deep eutectic solvent in green chemistry. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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In situ/operando vibrational spectroscopy for the investigation of advanced nanostructured electrocatalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Fuchs D, Bayer BC, Gupta T, Szabo GL, Wilhelm RA, Eder D, Meyer JC, Steiner S, Gollas B. Electrochemical Behavior of Graphene in a Deep Eutectic Solvent. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40937-40948. [PMID: 32805835 PMCID: PMC7496728 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphene electrodes and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are two emerging material systems that have individually shown highly promising properties in electrochemical applications. To date, however, it has not been tested whether the combination of graphene and DESs can yield synergistic effects in electrochemistry. We therefore study the electrochemical behavior of a defined graphene monolayer of centimeter-scale, which was produced by chemical vapor deposition and transferred onto insulating SiO2/Si supports, in the common DES choline chloride/ethylene glycol (12CE) under typical electrochemical conditions. We measure the graphene potential window in 12CE and estimate the apparent electron transfer kinetics of an outer-sphere redox couple. We further explore the applicability of the 12CE electrolyte to fabricate nanostructured metal (Zn) and metalloid (Ge) hybrids with graphene by electrodeposition. By comparing our graphene electrodes with common bulk glassy carbon electrodes, a key finding we make is that the two-dimensional nature of the graphene electrodes has a clear impact on DES-based electrochemistry. Thereby, we provide a first framework toward rational optimization of graphene-DES systems for electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fuchs
- Institute
for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Bernhard C. Bayer
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University
of Technology (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, Austria
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Tushar Gupta
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University
of Technology (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Gabriel L. Szabo
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Vienna University of
Technology (TU Wien), Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, Vienna A-1040, Austria
| | - Richard A. Wilhelm
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Vienna University of
Technology (TU Wien), Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, Vienna A-1040, Austria
| | - Dominik Eder
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University
of Technology (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Jannik C. Meyer
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Sandra Steiner
- Institute
for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Bernhard Gollas
- Institute
for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz A-8010, Austria
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11
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Singhal S, Patra A. Benzothiadiazole bridged EDOT based donor-acceptor polymers with tunable optical, electrochemical, morphological and electrochromic performance: effects of solvents and electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14527-14536. [PMID: 32578623 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01884h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers have been widely studied for their tunable electronic properties, however, it is surprising that systematic studies on the effect of different solvents and electrolytes on their opto-electrochemical, morphological and electrochromic performance have drawn only little attention. In the presented work, nine different D-A polymer films, poly(4,7-di(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole) (a-i-P1), were electrosynthesised using different polar solvents (PC, MeCN and DCM) and supporting electrolytes (TBAPF6, TBAClO4 and TBABF4). A thorough study of these D-A polymer films using cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, FE-SEM, spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic techniques has been performed. We found a significant effect of both the supporting electrolytes and solvents on the morphology of polymer films which correlates well with their opto-electronic properties. Films prepared using the TBAClO4/PC system show a smooth morphology with a significantly high coloration efficiency of 264 cm2 C-1 and an optical contrast of 65.3%. Such differences in the optical and electrochemical properties of polymer films were explained by the ion pair formation during polymerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Singhal
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials & Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Asit Patra
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials & Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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12
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Zec N, Mangiapia G, Zheludkevich ML, Busch S, Moulin JF. Revealing the interfacial nanostructure of a deep eutectic solvent at a solid electrode. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12104-12112. [PMID: 32441277 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06779e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are both green and sustainable, making them an increasingly attractive alternative to conventional solvents. One of their applications is the electrochemical deposition of metals that cannot be deposited from aqueous solution because of the limited electrochemical window of water. The electrodeposition process is influenced by the structure and dynamics of the solvent at the solid-liquid interface. Therefore,the nanoscale structure of the interface between a silicon substrate and deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride-ethylene glycol) was studied by neutron reflectometry (NR) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It is not possible to model NR measurements of this system without simulating a dense DES layer at the solid-liquid interface. This study used an MD simulation trajectory to extract the density, thickness, and roughness of this DES layer. With this input, the model reproduces the reflectometry data at all measured H/D contrasts very well. The thickness of the layer does not change appreciably when applying charge or at higher temperatures. Further analysis revealed a reorganization of ions and reorientation of the choline cations in the interface layer when the electrodes are charged. These changes in ion orientation are not observed with the NR technique since they do not influence the neutron scattering length density profile due to the high number of ethylene glycol molecules at the interface. However, the agreement between measured neutron reflectometry data and model parameters obtained from MD simulations justified subnanoscale analysis of the MD trajectory and confirmed that these two complementary techniques can be successfully combined to reveal the solid/DES interface structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojša Zec
- German Engineering Materials Science Centre (GEMS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
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13
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Bohlen B, Wastl D, Radomski J, Sieber V, Vieira L. Electrochemical CO2 reduction to formate on indium catalysts prepared by electrodeposition in deep eutectic solvents. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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14
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Gamarra JD, Marcoen K, Hubin A, Hauffman T. Effect of excess hydrogen bond donors on the electrode-electrolyte interface between choline chloride-ethylene glycol based solvents and copper. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Electrodeposition of photovoltaic thin films from ionic liquids in ambient atmosphere: Gallium from a chloroaluminate ionic liquid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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dos Santos LP, Freire RM, Michea S, Denardin JC, Araújo DB, Barros EB, Correia AN, de Lima-Neto P. Electrodeposition of 1-D tellurium nanostructure on gold surface from choline chloride-urea and choline chloride-ethylene glycol mixtures. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Ohba M, Scarazzato T, Espinosa D, Panossian Z. Study of metal electrodeposition by means of simulated and experimental polarization curves: Zinc deposition on steel electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Panzeri G, Muller D, Accogli A, Gibertini E, Mauri E, Rossi F, Nobili L, Magagnin L. Zinc electrodeposition from a chloride-free non-aqueous solution based on ethylene glycol and acetate salts. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Barrado E, García S, Rodríguez J, Castrillejo Y. Electrodeposition of indium on W and Cu electrodes in the deep eutectic solvent choline chloride-ethylene glycol (1:2). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Pereira NM, Pereira CM, Araújo JP, Fernando Silva A. Zinc Electrodeposition from deep eutectic solvent containing organic additives. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Choline chloride based ionic liquids containing nickel chloride: Physicochemical properties and kinetics of Ni(II) electroreduction. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Vieira L, Burt J, Richardson PW, Schloffer D, Fuchs D, Moser A, Bartlett PN, Reid G, Gollas B. Tin, Bismuth, and Tin-Bismuth Alloy Electrodeposition from Chlorometalate Salts in Deep Eutectic Solvents. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:393-401. [PMID: 28638772 PMCID: PMC5474671 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrodeposition of tin, bismuth, and tin-bismuth alloys from SnII and BiIII chlorometalate salts in the choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2 molar ratio) deep eutectic solvent was studied on glassy carbon and gold by cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. The SnII-containing electrolyte showed one voltammetric redox process corresponding to SnII/Sn0. The diffusion coefficient of [SnCl3]-, detected as the dominating species by Raman spectroscopy, was determined from Levich and Cottrell analyses. The BiIII-containing electrolyte showed two voltammetric reduction processes, both attributed to BiIII/Bi0. Dimensionless current/time transients revealed that the electrodeposition of both Sn and Bi on glassy carbon proceeded by 3D-progressive nucleation at a low overpotential and changed to instantaneous at higher overpotentials. The nucleation rate of Bi on glassy carbon was considerably smaller than that of Sn. Elemental Sn and Bi were electrodeposited on Au-coated glass slides from their respective salt solutions, as were Sn-Bi alloys from a 2:1 SnII/BiIII solution. The biphasic Sn-Bi alloys changed from a Bi-rich composition to a Sn-rich composition by making the deposition potential more negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Vieira
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Jennifer Burt
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, HighfieldUniversity RoadSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Peter W. Richardson
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, HighfieldUniversity RoadSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Daniel Schloffer
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - David Fuchs
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Alwin Moser
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Philip N. Bartlett
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, HighfieldUniversity RoadSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Gillian Reid
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, HighfieldUniversity RoadSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Bernhard Gollas
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
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Electrodeposition of indium on copper from deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride and ethylene glycol. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Chen YH, Yeh HW, Lo NC, Chiu CW, Sun IW, Chen PY. Electrodeposition of compact zinc from the hydrophobic Brønsted acidic ionic liquid-based electrolytes and the study of zinc stability along with the acidity manipulation. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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