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Wehrle L, Wang Y, Boldrin P, Brandon NP, Deutschmann O, Banerjee A. Optimizing Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Performance to Re-evaluate Its Role in the Mobility Sector. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2022; 2:42-64. [PMID: 37101759 PMCID: PMC10125182 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.1c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A sustainable, interconnected, and smart energy network in which hydrogen plays a major role cannot be dismissed as a utopia anymore. There are vast international and industrial ambitions to reach the envisioned system transformation, and the decarbonization of the mobility sector is a central pillar comprising a huge economic share. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are one of the most promising technologies in the brigade of clean energy devices and have potentially wide applicability for transportation, due to their high efficiencies and impurity tolerance. To uncover future pathways to boost the cell's performance, we propose a detailed multiscale modeling methodology to evaluate the direct impact of cell materials and morphologies on commercial-scale system performance. After acquiring intrinsic electrokinetics decoupled from mass and charge transport of different anode and cathode materials via a half-cell model, a full cell model is employed to identify the most promising electrode combination. Subsequently, a scale-up to the system level is performed by coupling a 3-D kW-stack model to the balance of plant components while focusing on morphological optimization of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). On optimally tailoring the MEA, model results demonstrate that an advanced cell design comprising a Ni fiber-CGO matrix structured anode and a LSCF-infiltrated CGO cathode could reach a stack power density of 1.85 kW L-1 and a net system efficiency of 52.2% for operation at <700 °C, with manageable stack temperature gradients of <14 K cm-1. The model-optimized power density is substantially higher than those of commercial stacks and surpasses industrial targets for SOFC-based range extenders. Thus, with further cell and stack development targeting the performance limiting processes elucidated in the paper, commercial SOFCs could, alongside range extenders, also act as prime movers in larger scale transport applications such as trucks, trains, and ships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Wehrle
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
- National Key Laboratory on Electromechanical Dynamic Control, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Paul Boldrin
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2BP London, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel P. Brandon
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2BP London, United Kingdom
| | - Olaf Deutschmann
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Aayan Banerjee
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2BP London, United Kingdom
- Catalytic Processes and Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Clematis D, Ferrari T, Bertei A, Asensio AM, Carpanese MP, Nicolella C, Barbucci A. On the stabilization and extension of the distribution of relaxation times analysis. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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A quasi 2D model for the interpretation of impedance and polarization of a planar solid oxide fuel cell with interconnects. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Donazzi A, Cordaro G, Baricci A, Ding ZB, Maestri M. A detailed kinetic model for the reduction of oxygen on LSCF-GDC composite cathodes. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Campanella S, Bracconi M, Donazzi A. A fast regression model for the interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectra of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Laguna-Bercero MA, Hanifi AR, Menand L, Sandhu NK, Anderson NE, Etsell TH, Sarkar P. The effect of pore-former morphology on the electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cells under combined fuel cell and electrolysis modes. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Distributed relaxation times technique for the determination of fuel cell losses with an equivalent circuit model to identify physicochemical processes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li J, Yu Y, Yin YM, Zhou N, Ma ZF. A novel high performance composite anode with in situ growth of Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles for intermediate solid oxide fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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