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Sun R, Ma M, Ma X, Kang H, Wang S, Sun J. Direct-Writing Flexible Metal Circuit with Polymer/Metal Precursor Ink and Interfacial Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:7426-7433. [PMID: 37192423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, flexible metal circuits are fabricated with polymer/metal precursor ink and an interfacial reaction by direct-writing technology. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is selected as one component of ink, which could be a flexible composite in a metal circuit and an adhesive layer to connect the flexible metal circuit with the flexible substrate. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to the ink as a source of metal. After the direct-writing structure was placed in contact with an ascorbic acid (VC) aqueous solution with an adjustable process, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with 100-400 nm uniform size could be generated on the direct-writing PVA skeleton. The resistivity of the composite silver layer could reach 10-6 Ω·m without any postprocessing. Meanwhile, the resistance change could keep within 20% with 180° bending after 10 000 repeat times. Patterned flexible metal circuits could be facilely fabricated by direct-writing technology, which presented excellent electrical conductivity and flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Mengdi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiangcai Ma
- Department of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Shanghai Publishing and Printing College, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Haiting Kang
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jiazhen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
- Department of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Shanghai Publishing and Printing College, Shanghai 200093, China
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2
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Lu R, Hao W, Kong L, Zhao K, Bai H, Liu Z. A simple method for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles from metastable intermediates. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14361-14369. [PMID: 37179993 PMCID: PMC10171199 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles have attracted a wide attention because of their low cost and high specific surface area. At present, the synthesis of copper nanoparticles has the problems of complicated process and environmentally unfriendly materials like hydrazine hydrate and sodium hypophosphite that would pollute water, harm human health and may even cause cancer. In this paper, a simple and low-cost two-step synthesis method was used to prepare highly stable and well-dispersed spherical copper nanoparticles in solution with a particle size of about 34 nm. The prepared spherical copper nanoparticles were kept in solution for one month without precipitation. Using non-toxic l-ascorbic acid as the reducing and secondary coating agent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the primary coating agent, and NaOH as the pH modulator, the metastable intermediate CuCl was prepared. Due to the characteristics of the metastable state, copper nanoparticles were rapidly prepared. Moreover, to improve the dispersibility and antioxidant, the PVP and l-ascorbic acid were used to coat the surface of copper nanoparticles. Finally, the mechanism of the two-step synthesis of copper nanoparticles was discussed. This mechanism mainly relies on the two-step dehydrogenation of l-ascorbic acid to obtain copper nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Lu
- Printing Electronics Center for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University 1 Dongxiang Road Xi'an 710129 China
| | - Wuchang Hao
- Xi'an Hongxing Electronic Paste Technology Co., Ltd 1099 Dingkunchi 3rd Road Xi'an 710199 China
| | - Long Kong
- Printing Electronics Center for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University 1 Dongxiang Road Xi'an 710129 China
| | - Keliang Zhao
- Flexible Electronics Center, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University 218 Qingyi Road Ningbo 315048 China
| | - Hao Bai
- Flexible Electronics Center, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University 218 Qingyi Road Ningbo 315048 China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Printing Electronics Center for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University 1 Dongxiang Road Xi'an 710129 China
- Flexible Electronics Center, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University 218 Qingyi Road Ningbo 315048 China
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3
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Abstract
Printing technology promises a viable solution for the low-cost, rapid, flexible, and mass fabrication of biosensors. Among the vast number of printing techniques, screen printing and inkjet printing have been widely adopted for the fabrication of biosensors. Screen printing provides ease of operation and rapid processing; however, it is bound by the effects of viscous inks, high material waste, and the requirement for masks, to name a few. Inkjet printing, on the other hand, is well suited for mass fabrication that takes advantage of computer-aided design software for pattern modifications. Furthermore, being drop-on-demand, it prevents precious material waste and offers high-resolution patterning. To exploit the features of inkjet printing technology, scientists have been keen to use it for the development of biosensors since 1988. A vast number of fully and partially inkjet-printed biosensors have been developed ever since. This study presents a short introduction on the printing technology used for biosensor fabrication in general, and a brief review of the recent reports related to virus, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic biosensor fabrication, via inkjet printing technology in particular.
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Development of a High-Throughput Low-Cost Approach for Fabricating Fully Drawn Paper-Based Analytical Devices Using Commercial Writing Tools. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9070178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the development and optimization of a rapid and low-cost pen-on-paper plotting approach for the fabrication of paper-based analytical devices (PADs) using commercial writing stationery. The desired fluidic patterns were drawn on the paper substrate with commercial marker pens using an inexpensive computer-controlled x–y plotter. For the fabrication of electrochemical PADs, electrodes were further deposited on the devices using a second x–y plotting step with commercial writing pencils. The effect of the fabrication parameters (type of paper, type of marker pen, type of pencil, plotting speed, number of passes, single- vs. double-sided plotting), the chemical resistance of the plotted devices to different solvents and the structural rigidity to multiple loading cycles were assessed. The analytical utility of these devices is demonstrated through application in optical sensing of total phenols using reflectance calorimetry and in electrochemical sensing of paracetamol and ascorbic acid. The proposed manufacturing approach is simple, low cost, flexible, rapid and fit-for-purpose and enables the fabrication of sub-“one-dollar” PADs with satisfactory mechanical and chemical resistance and good analytical performance.
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5
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Camargo JR, Orzari LO, Araújo DAG, de Oliveira PR, Kalinke C, Rocha DP, Luiz dos Santos A, Takeuchi RM, Munoz RAA, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC. Development of conductive inks for electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.105998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Ma Y, Wang L, Ye Q, Qin H, Fu Q. Preparation of Cu@Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles by NaBH4 Combined with NaH2PO2 as Reductants. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Haihang Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Qiubo Fu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Sichuan 621900, P. R. China
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7
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Kant T, Shrivas K, Tapadia K, Devi R, Ganesan V, Deb MK. Inkjet-printed paper-based electrochemical sensor with gold nano-ink for detection of glucose in blood serum. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00771h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An inkjet-printed paper electrode with gold nanoparticle-ink as a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for detection of glucose in blood serum is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kant
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur-492010
- India
| | - Kamlesh Shrivas
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur-492010
- India
| | - Kavita Tapadia
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Raipur-492010
- India
| | - Rama Devi
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Raipur-492010
- India
| | - Vellaichamy Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
| | - Manas Kanti Deb
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur-492010
- India
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8
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Printing-Based Assay and Therapy of Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111052. [PMID: 33126547 PMCID: PMC7692755 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are essential in regulating various physiological functions and oxidative deterioration. Over the past decades, many researchers have paid attention to antioxidants and studied the screening of antioxidants from natural products and their utilization for treatments in diverse pathological conditions. Nowadays, as printing technology progresses, its influence in the field of biomedicine is growing significantly. The printing technology has many advantages. Especially, the capability of designing sophisticated platforms is useful to detect antioxidants in various samples. The high flexibility of 3D printing technology is advantageous to create geometries for customized patient treatment. Recently, there has been increasing use of antioxidant materials for this purpose. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in printing technology-based assays to detect antioxidants and 3D printing-based antioxidant therapy in the field of tissue engineering. This review is divided into two sections. The first section highlights colorimetric assays using the inkjet-printing methods and electrochemical assays using screen-printing techniques for the determination of antioxidants. Alternative screen-printing techniques, such as xurography, roller-pen writing, stamp contact printing, and laser-scribing, are described. The second section summarizes the recent literature that reports antioxidant-based therapy using 3D printing in skin therapeutics, tissue mimetic 3D cultures, and bone tissue engineering.
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Khoshroo A, Fattahi A. Electrochemical analysis of anionic analytes in weakly supported media using electron transfer promotion effect: a case study on nitrite. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14511. [PMID: 32883970 PMCID: PMC7471947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a simple technique was developed for the electrochemical detection of anionic analytes in weakly supported media. This was conducted by the use of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). A sensing platform was modified with nereistoxin and used to determine nitrite as a case study. The electrochemical response was improved due to the accelerated electron transfer between the sensing platform and the nitrite through the electrostatic interaction of the amino group of nereistoxin and the nitrite. The electrocatalytic current of the nitrite in the presence of nereistoxin was enhanced in the weakly supported media. By using nereistoxin as a signal enhancer, 97% of the electrochemical signal was obtained at the low ionic strength of the electrolyte, while less than 35% of this signal was obtained in the absence of nereistoxin. The limit of detection was as low as 20 nM using an ePAD. Generally, the proposed ePAD serves as a promising, efficient and low-cost device for sensing applications in weakly supported media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khoshroo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Bākhtarān, Iran
| | - Ali Fattahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Bākhtarān, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Bākhtarān, Iran.
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Shrivas K, Ghosale A, Bajpai P, Kant T, Dewangan K, Shankar R. Advances in flexible electronics and electrochemical sensors using conducting nanomaterials: A review. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Kant T, Shrivas K, Ganesan V, Mahipal YK, Devi R, Deb MK, Shankar R. Flexible printed paper electrode with silver nano-ink for electrochemical applications. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Silver nanoparticle conductive inks: synthesis, characterization, and fabrication of inkjet-printed flexible electrodes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8878. [PMID: 32483302 PMCID: PMC7264204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible electronics can be developed with a low-cost and simple fabrication process while being environmentally friendly. Conductive silver inks have been the most applied material in flexible substrates. This study evaluated the performance of different conductive ink formulations using silver nanoparticles by studying the material properties, the inkjet printing process, and application based on electrical impedance spectroscopy using a buffer solution. Silver nanoparticles synthesis was carried out through chemical reduction of silver nitrate; then, seven conductive ink formulations were produced. Properties such as resistivity, viscosity, surface tension, adhesion, inkjet printability of the inks, and electrical impedance of the printed electrodes were investigated. Curing temperature directly influenced the electrical properties of the inks. The resistivity obtained varied from 3.3 × 100 to 5.6 × 10-06 Ω.cm. Viscosity ranged from 3.7 to 7.4 mPa.s, which is suitable for inkjet printing fabrication. By using a buffer solution as an analyte, the printed electrode pairs presented electrical impedance lower than 200 Ω for all the proposed designs, demonstrating the potential of the formulated inks for utilization in flexible electronic devices for biological sensing applications.
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Devi R, Tapadia K, Kant T, Ghosale A, Shrivas K, Karbhal I, Maharana T. A low-cost paper-based flexible energy storage device using a conducting polymer nanocomposite. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02158j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a simple approach is demonstrated for the fabrication of a paper-based flexible symmetrical supercapacitor as an energy saving device with composite functional materials of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) and polypyrrole (PPy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Devi
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Raipur
- India
| | - Kavita Tapadia
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Raipur
- India
| | - Tushar Kant
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur
- India
| | - Archana Ghosale
- Department of Chemistry
- Govt. Lochan Prasad Pandey College
- Raigarh
- India
| | - Kamlesh Shrivas
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur
- India
| | - Indrapal Karbhal
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur
- India
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14
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Mc Gee K, Anandarajah P, Collins D. A Review of Chipless Remote Sensing Solutions Based on RFID Technology. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19224829. [PMID: 31698787 PMCID: PMC6891660 DOI: 10.3390/s19224829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has been used in a variety of remote sensing applications and is currently a hot research topic. To date, there have been a large number of chipless RFID tags developed in both academia and in industry that boast a large variation in design characteristics. This review paper sets out to discuss the various design aspects needed in a chipless RFID sensor. Such aspects include: (1) Addressing strategies to allow for unique identification of the tag, (2) Sensing mechanisms used to allow for impedance-based response signal modulation and (3) Sensing materials to introduce the desired impedance change when under the influence of the target stimulus. From the tabular comparison of the various sensing and addressing techniques, it is concluded that although many sensors provide adequate performance characteristics, more work is needed to ensure that this technology is capable/robust enough to operate in many of the applications it has been earmarked for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mc Gee
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Prince Anandarajah
- Photonics Systems and Sensing Laboratory, School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;
| | - David Collins
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;
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15
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Shrivas K, Ghosale A, Kant T, Bajpai PK, Shankar R. The direct-writing of low cost paper based flexible electrodes and touch pad devices using silver nano-ink and ZnO nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17868-17876. [PMID: 35520587 PMCID: PMC9064668 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02599e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel and simple approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles capped with inositol (Ag NPs/Ino) by the reduction of silver salt with ascorbic acid under basic conditions. UV-vis, TEM, FTIR and TGA techniques were used to characterize the Ag NPs/Ino to determine the size, shape and surface modification of the NPs. Stable silver nano-ink was prepared in aqueous solution containing 1% PVP (stabilizer) and glycerol (cosolvent) and was used for the direct-writing of a paper electrode with a roller ball-point pen for electrochemical applications. The solvent, stabilizing agents, concentration of NPs (10%), paper substrate, sintering temperature (40 °C) and sintering time (15 min) were optimized to obtain a uniform coating of Ag NPs on the paper substrate. Further, the synthesis and fabrication of ZnO NPs on a paper substrate was put forward to design a touch pad device based on the piezoelectric effect. The preparation of paper based devices suggests a direction for the development of a simple, low cost and compatible approach for the direct-writing of paper based flexible electrodes and electronics for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Shrivas
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Koni Bilaspur CG India .,School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur 492010 CG India
| | - Archana Ghosale
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Koni Bilaspur CG India
| | - Tushar Kant
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur 492010 CG India
| | - P K Bajpai
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Koni Bilaspur CG India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Program, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City South Dakota 57701 USA
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dai
- State Key Lab of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Wen Xu
- State Key Lab of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Lab of Chemical
Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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17
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K. Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur 482001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Ghosale A, Shrivas K, Shankar R, Ganesan V. Low-Cost Paper Electrode Fabricated by Direct Writing with Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ink for Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Wastewater. Anal Chem 2016; 89:776-782. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Archana Ghosale
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur CG-495009, India
| | - Kamlesh Shrivas
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur CG-495009, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Program, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, United States
- Fujifilm
Imaging Colorants, Inc. 233 Cherry
Lane, New Castle, Delaware 19720, United States
| | - Vellaichamy Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP India
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen JJ, Guo H, Liang K, Marcus K, Peng QL, Zhang J, Feng ZS. A facile process combined with inkjet printing, surface modification and electroless deposition to fabricate adhesion-enhanced copper patterns on flexible polymer substrates for functional flexible electronics. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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