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Marijan S, Klaser T, Mirosavljević M, Mošner P, Koudelka L, Skoko Ž, Pisk J, Pavić L. Exploring the Effect of V 2O 5 and Nb 2O 5 Content on the Structural, Thermal, and Electrical Characteristics of Sodium Phosphate Glasses and Glass-Ceramics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3005. [PMID: 38474252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Na-V-P-Nb-based materials have gained substantial recognition as cathode materials in high-rate sodium-ion batteries due to their unique properties and compositions, comprising both alkali and transition metal ions, which allow them to exhibit a mixed ionic-polaronic conduction mechanism. In this study, the impact of introducing two transition metal oxides, V2O5 and Nb2O5, on the thermal, (micro)structural, and electrical properties of the 35Na2O-25V2O5-(40 - x)P2O5 - xNb2O5 system is examined. The starting glass shows the highest values of DC conductivity, σDC, reaching 1.45 × 10-8 Ω-1 cm-1 at 303 K, along with a glass transition temperature, Tg, of 371 °C. The incorporation of Nb2O5 influences both σDC and Tg, resulting in non-linear trends, with the lowest values observed for the glass with x = 20 mol%. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements and vibrational spectroscopy results suggest that the observed non-monotonic trend in σDC arises from a diminishing contribution of polaronic conductivity due to the decrease in the relative number of V4+ ions and the introduction of Nb2O5, which disrupts the predominantly mixed vanadate-phosphate network within the starting glasses, consequently impeding polaronic transport. The mechanism of electrical transport is investigated using the model-free Summerfield scaling procedure, revealing the presence of mixed ionic-polaronic conductivity in glasses where x < 10 mol%, whereas for x ≥ 10 mol%, the ionic conductivity mechanism becomes prominent. To assess the impact of the V2O5 content on the electrical transport mechanism, a comparative analysis of two analogue series with varying V2O5 content (10 and 25 mol%) is conducted to evaluate the extent of its polaronic contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marijan
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Teodoro Klaser
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Mirosavljević
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petr Mošner
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Koudelka
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Željko Skoko
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jana Pisk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Pavić
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Sarjanović J, Stojić M, Rubčić M, Pavić L, Pisk J. Impedance Spectroscopy as a Powerful Tool for Researching Molybdenum-Based Materials with Schiff Base Hydrazones. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1064. [PMID: 36770069 PMCID: PMC9919434 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum coordination complexes are widely applied due to their biological and pharmacological potential, as well as their performance in different catalytic processes. Parent dioxidomolybdenum Schiff base complexes were prepared via the reaction of [MoO2(acac)2] with a hydrazone Schiff-base tetradentate ligand. A new hydrazone-Schiff base (H2L1 and 2) and its corresponding mononuclear and polynuclear dioxidomolybdenum(VI) complex were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and elemental analyses, and their thermal behavior was investigated by thermogravimetry. The crystal and molecular structures of H2L2 ligands and the complexes [MoO2(L1)(H2O)], [MoO2(L2)(H2O)], [MoO2(L1)(MeOH)]∙MeOH, [MoO2(L1)(EtOH)]∙EtOH, [MoO2(L1)(2-PrOH)]∙2-PrOH, and [MoO2(L1)]n were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Using the in situ impedance spectroscopy method (IS), the structural transformations of chosen complexes were followed, and their electrical properties were examined in a wide range of temperatures and frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Sarjanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Stojić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Rubčić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Pavić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jana Pisk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Bafti A, Kubuki S, Ertap H, Yüksek M, Karabulut M, Moguš-Milanković A, Pavić L. Electrical Transport in Iron Phosphate-Based Glass-(Ceramics): Insights into the Role of B 2O 3 and HfO 2 from Model-Free Scaling Procedures. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040639. [PMID: 35214967 PMCID: PMC8878221 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report the effect of the addition of modifiers and network formers on the polaronic transport in iron phosphate glasses (IPG) in two systems of HfO2–B2O3–Fe2O3–P2O5, to which up to 8 mol% boron and hafnium are added. The addition of oxides significantly changes the Fe2+/Fetotal ratio, thus directly affecting the polaron number density and consequently controlling DC conductivity trends for both series studied by impedance spectroscopy. Moreover, we found that short-range polaron dynamics are also under the influence of structural changes. Therefore, we have studied them in detail using model-free scaling procedures, Summerfield and Sidebottom scaling. An attempt to construct a super-master curve revealed that in addition to change in polaron number density, also the polaron hopping lengths change, and Sidebottom scaling yields a super-master curve. The spatial extent of the localized motion of polarons is correlated with polaron number density and two distinct regions are observed. A strong increase in the spatial extent of the polaron hopping jump could be related either to the structural changes due to the addition of HfO2 and B2O3 and their effects on the formation of polarons or to an inherent property of polaron transport in IP glasses with low polaron number density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijeta Bafti
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Shiro Kubuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan;
| | - Hüseyin Ertap
- Department of Physics, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey;
| | - Mustafa Yüksek
- Electrical & Electronics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, İskenderun Technical University, İskenderun 31200, Turkey;
| | - Mevlüt Karabulut
- Department of Physics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze 41400, Turkey;
| | | | - Luka Pavić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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High Electronically Conductive Tungsten Phosphate Glass-Ceramics. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122515. [PMID: 33333789 PMCID: PMC7765191 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High electronically conductive tungsten phosphate glass-ceramics have been prepared by the controlled crystallization of binary 60WO3–40P2O5 glass in the temperature range from 700 to 935 °C and for 1 to 24 h. The substantial increase in the conductivity for four orders of magnitude is a result of the formation of electronically conductive W2O3(PO4)2 and WO3 phases. At low crystallization temperature the dominant W2O3(PO4)2 phase is created, whereas at 935 °C for 24 h the formation of semiconducting WO3 crystallites of an average size of 80 nm enhances the conductivity to the highest value of 1.64 × 10−4 (Ω cm)–1 at 30 °C. The course of the crystallization and its impact on this exceptionally high electronic transport of binary tungsten phosphate glass-ceramics has been discussed in detail. Since such highly electronically conductive WO3-based glass-ceramics have a great potential as cathode/anode materials in solid state batteries and as electrocatalysts in fuel cells, it is of interest to provide a novel insight into the improvement of their electrical properties.
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Jakovac M, Klaser T, Radatović B, Skoko Ž, Pavić L, Žic M. Surface Characterization and Conductivity of Two Types of Lithium-Based Glass Ceramics after Accelerating Ageing. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13245632. [PMID: 33321786 PMCID: PMC7763873 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two different dental ceramics, based on zirconia-reinforced lithium-silicate (LS1) glass-ceramics (Celtra Duo, Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) and lithium disilicate (LS2) ceramics (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar, Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) were examined. They were tested prior to and after the crystallization by sintering in the dental furnace. Additionally, the impact of ageing on ceramic degradability was investigated by immersing it in 4% acetic acid at 80 °C for 16 h. The degradability of the materials was monitored by Impedance Spectroscopy (IS), X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) techniques. It was detected that LS2 (vs. LS1) samples had a lower conductivity, which can be explained by reduced portions of structural defects. XRPD analyses also showed that the ageing increased the portion of defects in ceramics, which facilitated the ion diffusion and degradation of samples. To summarize, this study suggests that the non-destructive IS technique can be employed to probe the ageing properties of the investigated LS1 and LS2 ceramics materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Jakovac
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Teodoro Klaser
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.K.); (Ž.S.)
| | - Borna Radatović
- Center for Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Željko Skoko
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.K.); (Ž.S.)
| | - Luka Pavić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mark Žic
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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