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Xia J, Xu P, Wang W, Hu P, Sun Y, Shao J. Carbon Nanofiber-Based Sandwich Free-Standing Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39013153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Challenges including rapid capacity degradation and reduced Coulombic efficiency due to the shuttle effect have hindered the commercial viability of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. A novel sandwich-structured electrode with an optimized electrode structure and current collector interface design was presented as a free-standing positive electrode for Li-S batteries. Fabricated via a simple slurry coating process, the electrode embedded multiwalled carbon nanotubes within carbon nanofiber composite films (PCNF/T). Owing to the superior conductivity and reduced weight in comparison to both carbon nanofibers (PCNF) and the conventional aluminum foil current collector (Al), the PCNF/T electrode exhibited diminished polarization and accelerated redox reaction kinetics. Thus, it delivers an initial discharge capacity of 990.23 mA h g-1 at 0.5 C. Even after 400 cycles, while retains a reversible capacity of 707.45 mA h g-1, corresponding to a minimal capacity degradation rate of merely 0.07% per cycle. Notably, the electrode exhibits a capacity retention of 619.81 mA h g-1 after 400 cycles at 1 C, with a capacity decay rate of only 0.08% per cycle. This study presents an innovative approach to developing a new free-standing cathode for high-performance Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Xia
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Teaching and Scientific Research Center, Guizhou Qiannan Economic College, Qiannan 550600, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, Ningde 352000, China
| | - Pingping Hu
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou Uniersity and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Jiaojing Shao
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Deng J, Liu C, Song D, Madou M. Fabrication of a three-dimensional micro/nanocarbon structure with sub-10 nm carbon fiber arrays based on the nanoforming and pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile-based jet fibers. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:132. [PMID: 37854723 PMCID: PMC10579398 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
To produce a three-dimensional micro/nanocarbon structure, a manufacturing design technique for sub-10 nm carbon fiber arrays on three-dimensional carbon micropillars has been developed; the method involves initiating electrostatic jetting, forming submicron-to-nanoscale PAN-based fibers, and maximizing the shrinkage from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based fibers to carbon fibers. Nanoforming and nanodepositing methods for polyacrylonitrile-based jet fibers as precursors of carbon fibers are proposed for the processing design of electrostatic jet initiation and for the forming design of submicron-to-nanoscale PAN-based fibers by establishing and analyzing mathematical models that include the diameter and tensile stress values of jet fibers and the electric field intensity values on the surfaces of carbon micropillars. In accordance with these methods, an array of jet fibers with diameters of ~80 nm is experimentally formed based on the thinning of the electrospinning fluid on top of a dispensing needle, the poking of drum into an electrospinning droplet, and the controlling of the needle-drum distance. When converting thin PAN-based jet fibers to carbon fibers, a pyrolysis method consisting of the suspension of jet nanofibers between carbon micropillars, the bond between the fibers and the surface of the carbon micropillar, and the control of micropillar spacing, stabilization temperature, and carbonation rate is presented to maximize the shrinkage from PAN-based fibers to carbon fibers and to form sub-10 nm carbon fiber arrays between three-dimensional carbon micropillars. The manufacturing design of a three-dimensional micro/nanocarbon structure can produce thin PAN-based jet nanofibers and nanofiber arrays aligned on micropillar surfaces, obtain shrinkage levels reaching 96% and incorporate sub-10 nm carbon fibers into three-dimensional carbon micropillars; these actions provide new research opportunities for correlated three-dimensional micro/nanocarbon structures that have not previously been technically possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chong Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Dian Song
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Marc Madou
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
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Fabrication of Porous Carbon Nanofibers from Polymer Blends Using Template Method for Electrode-Active Materials in Supercapacitor. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052228. [PMID: 36903472 PMCID: PMC10005615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) with excellent physical and chemical properties have been considered candidate materials for electrodes used in supercapacitors. Herein, we report a facile procedure to fabricate PCNFs through electrospinning blended polymers into nanofibers followed by pre-oxidation and carbonization. Polysulfone (PSF), high amylose starch (HAS), and phenolic resin (PR) are used as three different kinds of template pore-forming agents. The effects of pore-forming agents on the structure and properties of PCNFs have been systematically studied. The surface morphology, chemical components, graphitized crystallization, and pore characteristics of PCNFs are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption and desorption test, respectively. The pore-forming mechanism of PCNFs is analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Fabricated PCNF-R have a specific surface area as high as ~994 m2/g, a total pore volume as high as ~0.75 cm3/g, and a good graphitization degree. When PCNF-R are used as active materials to fabricate into electrodes, the PCNF-R electrodes show a high specific capacitance ~350 F/g, a good rate capability ~72.6%, a low internal resistance ~0.55 Ω, and an excellent cycling stability ~100% after 10,000 charging and discharging cycles. The design of low-cost PCNFs is expected to be widely applicable for the development of high-performance electrodes for an energy storage field.
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Activated carbon and its hybrid composites with manganese (IV) oxide as effectual electrode materials for high performance supercapacitor. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Review of recent progress in electrospinning-derived freestanding and binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Honeycomb-like biomass carbon with planted CoNi 3 alloys to form hierarchical composites for high-performance supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:2602-2612. [PMID: 34772499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is a significant challenge to combine a large pseudocapacitive material with conductive honeycomb-like carbon frameworks for long-term stable supercapacitors. Herein, hierarchical composite materials are manufactured by using biomass carbon, ZIF-67, and a mild pore former (Ni(CH3COO)2) to generate alloy-type CoNi3 nanoparticles planted into conductive honeycomb-like carbon frameworks (C@ZIF-67-T). Meanwhile, the effect of carbonization temperature on the honeycomb-like pore size and the structure of composite materials is systematically investigated. As the honeycomb-like carbon skeleton structure guarantees good ionic and electronic conductivities and a large contact area, whereas the alloy nanoparticles provide a rich redox reaction for Faradaic capacitance. Therefore, the as-obtained C@ZIF-67-600 electrode presents a remarkable specific capacitance of 1044.8 F · g-1 at 1.0 A · g-1 and an ultra-long cycling stability with 30,000 cycles at 5.0 A · g-1 in a three-electrode system. In addition, the assembled C@ZIF-67-600//activated carbon asymmetrical supercapacitor exhibit a high specific capacitance of 274.4F · g-1 at 1.0 A · g-1 and a long-term stable lifespan with a capacitance retention of 87% after 20,000 cycles at 5.0 A · g-1. Besides, the asymmetrical supercapacitor also presents a maximum energy density of 85.13 Wh · kg-1 at a power density of 750 W · kg-1. Such superior electrochemical performance demonstrate that the designed electrode material provides a promising energy storage application.
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Sun X, Xu Z, Yang H, Gao X, Yin XT, Ma X. Role of Mo Doping and the Interfacial Interactions Mechanism of Ni-Mo-S Electrodes: the Experimental and Computational Study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21688-21696. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02794a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal sulfides have rich redox active sites and high conductivity, which are widely used as supercapacitors electrodes materials. In this work, Ni-Mo-S (NMS) nanoflowers are prepared by one-step electrodeposition,...
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Chai AW, Wang CC, Chen CY. Magnetic-field-induced acicular nickel immobilized on carbon nanofibers as electrodes for electrochemical glucose sensing. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ma C, Wu L, Dirican M, Cheng H, Li J, Song Y, Shi J, Zhang X. ZnO-assisted synthesis of lignin-based ultra-fine microporous carbon nanofibers for supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 586:412-422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Muzata TS, L JP, Bose S. Nanoparticles influence miscibility in LCST polymer blends: from fundamental perspective to current applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20167-20188. [PMID: 32966418 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01814g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymer blending is an effective method that can be used to fabricate new versatile materials with enhanced properties. The blending of two polymers can result in either a miscible or an immiscible polymer blend system. This present review provides an in-depth summary of the miscibility of LCST polymer blend systems, an area that has garnered much attention in the past few years. The initial discourse of the present review mainly focuses on process-induced changes in the miscibility of polymer blend systems, and how the preparation of polymer blends affects their final properties. This review further highlights how nanoparticles induce miscibility and describes the various methods that can be implemented to avoid nanoparticle aggregation. The concepts and different state-of-the-art experimental methods which can be used to determine miscibility in polymer blends are also highlighted. Lastly, the importance of studying miscible polymer blends is extensively explored by looking at their importance in barrier materials, EMI shielding, corrosion protection, light-emitting diodes, gas separation, and lithium battery applications. The primary goal of this review is to cover the journey from the fundamental aspects of miscible polymer blends to their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaradzwa S Muzata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Jagadeshvaran P L
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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Yadav D, Amini F, Ehrmann A. Recent advances in carbon nanofibers and their applications – A review. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Jeon B, Ha T, Lee DY, Choi MS, Lee SW, Jung KH. Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Porous Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes Derived from New Precursor Polymer: 6FDA-TFMB. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081851. [PMID: 32824701 PMCID: PMC7463928 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with high energy storage performance were fabricated with a single precursor polymer, 6FDA-TFMB, without the use of any pore-generating materials. 6FDA-TFMB was synthesized, electrospun, and thermally treated to produce binder-free CNF electrodes for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Highly porous CNFs with a surface area of 2213 m2 g−1 were prepared by steam-activation. CNFs derived from 6FDA-TFMB showed rectangular cyclic voltammograms with a specific capacitance of 292.3 F g−1 at 10 mV s−1. It was also seen that CNFs exhibit a maximum energy density of 13.1 Wh kg−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and power density of 1.7 kW kg−1 at 5 A g−1, which is significantly higher than those from the common precursor polymer, polyacrylonitrile (PAN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeongil Jeon
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea;
| | - Taehwa Ha
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam Universiry, Gyeonsan 38430, Korea;
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Myung-Seok Choi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143701, Korea;
| | - Seung Woo Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam Universiry, Gyeonsan 38430, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.W.L.); (K.-H.J.); Tel.: +82-53-810-2516 (S.W.L.); +82-53-850-2774 (K.-H.J.)
| | - Kyung-Hye Jung
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.W.L.); (K.-H.J.); Tel.: +82-53-810-2516 (S.W.L.); +82-53-850-2774 (K.-H.J.)
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Nie G, Zhao X, Luan Y, Jiang J, Kou Z, Wang J. Key issues facing electrospun carbon nanofibers in energy applications: on-going approaches and challenges. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:13225-13248. [PMID: 32555910 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03425h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs), with one-dimensional (1D) morphology, tunable size, mechanical flexibility, and functionalities by themselves and those that can be added onto them, have witnessed the intensive development and extensive applications in energy storage and conversion, such as supercapacitors, batteries, and fuel cells. However, conventional solid CNFs often suffer from a rather poor electrical conductivity and low specific surface area, compared with the graphene and carbon nanotube counterparts. A well-engineered porous structure in CNFs increases their surface areas and reactivity, but there is a delicate balance between the level and type of pores and mechanical robustness. In addition, CNFs by themselves often show unsatisfactory electrochemical performance in energy storage and conversion, where, to endow them with high and durable activity, one effective approach is to dope CNFs with certain heteroatoms. Up to now, various activation strategies have been proposed and some of them have demonstrated great success in addressing these key issues. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the issue-oriented schemes for activating the electrospun CNFs in terms of enhancing the conductivity, modulating pore configuration, doping with heteroatoms, and reinforcing mechanical strength, in close reference to their applications in supercapacitors. The basic scientific principles involved in these activation processes and their effectiveness in boosting the electrochemical performance of CNFs are examined. Finally, some of the on-going challenges and future perspectives in engineering CNFs for better performance are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdi Nie
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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Deng J, Liu C, Madou M. Ultra-thin carbon nanofibers based on graphitization of near-field electrospun polyacrylonitrile. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10521-10531. [PMID: 32236213 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel manufacturing means for arrays of carbon fibers with diameters less than 10 nm has been developed. The method improves dramatically upon the state of the art of making carbon fibers by pyrolysis of near field electrospun (NFES) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. The conductive nature of the PAN ink, touch and retract mode of the droplet at the ejector needle tip and a rotating drum for jet initiation as well as a tight control of the ink flow and droplet shape with a porous paper enable continuous near field electrospinning at an ultra-low voltage of 35 V - far below current low-voltage NFES practice. By pyrolyzing the thus obtained thinner PAN nanofibers on carbon scaffolds, a dramatic further shrinkage of the diameter leads to ultrathin carbon nanofibers e.g. from an ∼245 nm polymer fiber to an ∼5 nm carbon fiber i.e. a 4900% reduction in fiber diameter. To increase and survive the thinning during the pyrolysis process, PAN stabilization at a relatively low temperature (115 °C) and carbon support scaffolds are implemented to provide just the right amount of tension of the suspended polymer nanofibers. A small inter-fiber spacing (<8 μm) of the ultrathin carbon fibers in an array is achieved by simultaneously controlling the linear speed of the spinneret and the rotational speed of the collector. In one application, we demonstrate aligned ultra-thin carbon fibers freely suspended and in good ohmic contact with carbon scaffolds on a silicon substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Deng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 116023, China.
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Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized with various weight ratios of manganese dioxide (MO) through a simple hydrothermal approach. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized activated carbon/MnO2 composites was investigated. The effect of the activated carbon/MnO2 (AM) ratio on the electrochemical properties of the activated carbon/MnO2 composites and the pore structure was also examined. The results show that the specific capacitance of the activated carbon material has been improved after the addition of MO. The as-synthesized composite material exhibits specific capacitance of 60.3 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, as well as stable cycle performance and 99.6% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles.
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Three-dimensional porous carbonaceous network with in-situ entrapped metallic cobalt for supercapacitor application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:622-630. [PMID: 31247501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we outline the fabrication of highly porous three-dimensional carbon-fiber network anchored with uniform metallic cobalt (Co) via electrospinning and subsequent post-modification approaches. First, cobalt acetate solution saturated electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous mat was subjected to sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution which results in the fabrication of three dimensional (3D) hierarchical multilayer network. Restructuring of the 2D mat into multilayered sponges with metal particles entrapment is attributed to the in-situ generated hydrogen gas into the interconnected pores of the fibrous network simultaneous with reduction of cobalt salt into metallic cobalt by NaBH4. The resulting mesh was stabilized and carbonization at inert atmosphere to obtain metallic cobalt (Co) embedded 3D carbon nanofibrous networks (Co@3D-CNFs). Physicochemical characterization and electrochemical analysis were performed. Results show carbon network was found to be expanded with bubbling like structures often embedded metallic Co nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the existence of the metallic cobalt particles on the carbon fiber networks. Furthermore, we establish a resulting composite (Co@3D-CNFs) identify the enhanced electrochemical performance having specific capacitance 762 F g-1 compared to 173 and 180 F g-1 for corresponding @3D-CNFs and 2D carbon nanofiber network with cobalt doped (Co@2D-CNFs) counterparts, respectively. The assembled Co2@3D-CNFs//NGH ASC device exhibits a high energy density 24.6 W h Kg-1 at 797 W kg-1 power density with an operating voltage of 1.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The device further shows good capacitance retention (90.1%) after 5000 cycles. This research shows the simple and cost-effective strategy to make metallic particles embedded 3D porous carbonaceous electrode materials which can have great potential for energy storage application.
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