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Guo XS, Huang ZY, Qi XW, Si LP, Zhang H, Liu HY. The optimization of iron porphyrin@MOF-5 derived Fe N C electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in zinc-air batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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2
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Honig HC, Elbaz L. Degradation Mechanisms of Platinum Group Metal‐Free Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst based on Iron Phthalocyanine. ChemElectroChem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202300042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilah C. Honig
- Chemistry Department Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 529002 Israel
- Bar-Ilan Center for Nanotechnology and Advance Materials Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 529002 Israel
| | - Lior Elbaz
- Chemistry Department Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 529002 Israel
- Bar-Ilan Center for Nanotechnology and Advance Materials Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 529002 Israel
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3
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Peera SG, Liu C. Unconventional and scalable synthesis of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for practical proton exchange membrane and alkaline fuel cells: A solid-state co-ordination synthesis approach. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Orellana W, Loyola CZ, Marco JF, Tasca F. Evidence of carbon-supported porphyrins pyrolyzed for the oxygen reduction reaction keeping integrity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8072. [PMID: 35577862 PMCID: PMC9110719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fe(III) 5,10,15,20-(tetraphenyl)porphyrin chloride (FeTPP) and Co(III) 5,10,15,20-(tetraphenyl)porphyrin chloride (CoTPP) were adsorbed on carbon Vulcan and studied as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) before and after pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process was also simulated through ab initio molecular dynamic simulations and the minimum energy path for the O2 dissociation after the interaction with the metal center of the FeTPP and CoTPP were calculated. After the pyrolysis the FeTPP showed the best performances reducing O2 completely to H2O with increased limiting current and lower overpotential. Tafel slops for the various catalysts did not change after the pyrolytic process suggesting that the mechanism for the ORR is not affected by the heat treatment. TEM images, X-ray diffraction, XPS spectroscopy, 57Fe Mössbauer, and DFT simulations, suggest that there is no breakdown of the macrocyclic complex at elevated temperatures, and that the macro cyclic geometry is preserved. Small variations in the Metal-O2 (M-O2) binding energies and the M–N bond length were observed which is attributed to the dispersive interaction between the macrocycles and the irregular surface of the Vulcan substrate induced by the heat treatment and causing better interaction with the O2 molecule. The theoretical strategy herein applied well simulate and explain the nature of the M–N–C active sites and the performances towards the ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Orellana
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Sazié 2212, 837-0136, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Zúñiga Loyola
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - José F Marco
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano" CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Tasca
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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5
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Velayudham P, P. V. S, Menon RS, Panda SK, Sahu AK. In-situ fabrication of cobalt sulfide decorated N, S co-doped mesoporous carbon and its application as electrocatalyst for efficient oxygen reduction reaction. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00403h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Designing an efficient electrocatalyst for facile oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential to achieve higher fuel cell performance. Herein, we demonstrate the simple in-situ process to synthesize cobalt sulfide decorated...
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6
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Kumar Y, Kibena-Põldsepp E, Kozlova J, Rähn M, Treshchalov A, Kikas A, Kisand V, Aruväli J, Tamm A, Douglin JC, Folkman SJ, Gelmetti I, Garcés-Pineda FA, Galán-Mascarós JR, Dekel DR, Tammeveski K. Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis on Mixed Metal Phthalocyanine-Modified Carbon Nanotubes Prepared via Pyrolysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:41507-41516. [PMID: 34428020 PMCID: PMC8589254 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-precious-metal catalysts are promising alternatives for Pt-based cathode materials in low-temperature fuel cells, which is of great environmental importance. Here, we have investigated the bifunctional electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of mixed metal (FeNi; FeMn; FeCo) phthalocyanine-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared by a simple pyrolysis method. Among the bimetallic catalysts containing nitrogen derived from corresponding metal phthalocyanines, we report the excellent ORR activity of FeCoN-MWCNT and FeMnN-MWCNT catalysts with the ORR onset potential of 0.93 V and FeNiN-MWCNT catalyst for the OER having EOER = 1.58 V at 10 mA cm-2. The surface morphology, structure, and elemental composition of the prepared catalysts were examined with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The FeCoN-MWCNT and FeMnN-MWCNT catalysts were prepared as cathodes and tested in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Both catalysts displayed remarkable AEMFC performance with a peak power density as high as 692 mW cm-2 for FeCoN-MWCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Elo Kibena-Põldsepp
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jekaterina Kozlova
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Rähn
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alexey Treshchalov
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arvo Kikas
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vambola Kisand
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaan Aruväli
- Institute
of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University
of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aile Tamm
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - John C. Douglin
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Scott J. Folkman
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ilario Gelmetti
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Felipe A. Garcés-Pineda
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - José Ramón Galán-Mascarós
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Llüis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dario R. Dekel
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
- The
Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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7
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Kumar Y, Kibena‐Põldsepp E, Kozlova J, Kikas A, Käärik M, Aruväli J, Kisand V, Leis J, Tamm A, Tammeveski K. Bimetal Phthalocyanine‐Modified Carbon Nanotube‐Based Bifunctional Catalysts for Zinc‐Air Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry University of Tartu Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | | | - Jekaterina Kozlova
- Institute of Physics University of Tartu W. Ostwald Str. 1 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Arvo Kikas
- Institute of Physics University of Tartu W. Ostwald Str. 1 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Maike Käärik
- Institute of Chemistry University of Tartu Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Jaan Aruväli
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Science University of Tartu Vanemuise 46 51014 Tartu Estonia
| | - Vambola Kisand
- Institute of Physics University of Tartu W. Ostwald Str. 1 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Jaan Leis
- Institute of Chemistry University of Tartu Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Aile Tamm
- Institute of Physics University of Tartu W. Ostwald Str. 1 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry University of Tartu Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
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8
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Zoladek S, Blicharska-Sobolewska M, Krata AA, Rutkowska IA, Wadas A, Miecznikowski K, Negro E, Vezzù K, Di Noto V, Kulesza PJ. Heteropolytungstate-assisted fabrication and deposition of catalytic silver nanoparticles on different reduced graphene oxide supports: Electroreduction of oxygen in alkaline electrolyte. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Iron-Based Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion: Effect of Ball Milling on Oxygen Reduction Activity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10155278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized new materials based on Fe(II) phthalocyanine (FePc), urea and carbon black pearls (BP), called Fe-N-C, as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in neutral solution. The electrocatalysts were prepared by combining ball-milling and pyrolysis treatments, which affected the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and electrocatalytic activity toward ORR, and stability was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Ball-milling allowed us to increase the ECSA, and the ORR activity as compared to the Fe-N-C sample obtained without any ball-milling. The effect of a subsequent pyrolysis treatment after ball-milling further improved the electrocatalytic stability of the materials. The set of results indicated that combining ball-milling time and pyrolysis treatments allowed us to obtain Fe-N-C catalysts with high catalytic activity toward ORR and stability which makes them suitable for microbial fuel cell applications.
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10
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Electroreduction of oxygen on cobalt phthalocyanine-modified carbide-derived carbon/carbon nanotube composite catalysts. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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de Oliveira MAC, Ficca VCA, Gokhale R, Santoro C, Mecheri B, D’Epifanio A, Licoccia S, Atanassov P. Iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) over carbon support for oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts operating in alkaline electrolyte. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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12
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Jin X, Xie Y, Wang L, Huang J. Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts FeCo−N−C Derived from Two Metallomacrocycles and N‐doped Porous Carbon Materials. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Jin
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yan Xie
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lili Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
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13
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Praats R, Käärik M, Kikas A, Kisand V, Aruväli J, Paiste P, Merisalu M, Leis J, Sammelselg V, Zagal JH, Holdcroft S, Nakashima N, Tammeveski K. Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction on iron phthalocyanine-modified carbide-derived carbon/carbon nanotube composite electrocatalysts. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Venegas R, Muñoz-Becerra K, Candia-Onfray C, Marco JF, Zagal JH, Recio FJ. Experimental reactivity descriptors of M-N-C catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Penta-coordinated transition metal macrocycles as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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16
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Yang J, Ganesan P, Ishihara A, Nakashima N. Carbon Nanotube‐Based Non‐Precious Metal Electrode Catalysts for Fuel Cells, Water Splitting and Zinc‐Air Batteries. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
| | - Pandian Ganesan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral-Energy Research (I2CNER) Kyushu University Nishi-ku 819-0395 Japan
| | - Akimitsu Ishihara
- Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
| | - Naotoshi Nakashima
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral-Energy Research (I2CNER) Kyushu University Nishi-ku 819-0395 Japan
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17
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Abstract
In this study, various treatment methods to increase the reactivity of carbon porous electrodes for alkaline alcoholic fuel cells were investigated with commercially available carbon papers to understand the characteristic electrochemical behaviors of the treated carbon electrodes and to find the best method to enhance the cell performance. Effects of thermal treatment, potassium hydroxide (KOH) treatment, N2 doping, and reaction-area control via a multi-layered structure were compared in the cell-based tests, and a huge improvement in the cell performance (i.e., 64% increase of open circuit voltage (OCV) and 320% increase of max power density) was found from the thermal-treated four-layered carbon porous electrode. The results were compared with those from platinum on carbon (Pt/C)-based cells, and a discussion on the direction of research in the future was conducted. The results of this study are expected to provide key guidelines for alcoholic fuel cell (AFC) developers to develop cost-effective AFC with a carbon electrode.
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18
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Wen GL, Niu HJ, Wang AJ, Yin ZZ, Zhang QL, Feng JJ. Graphene wrapped Fe 7C 3 nanoparticles supported on N-doped graphene nanosheets for efficient and highly methanol-tolerant oxygen reduction reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 556:352-359. [PMID: 31465966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Green and efficient non-precious metal electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are prepared to meet the increasing demand for clean, secure and sustainable energy. Herein, we report a novel and environmentally friendly strategy for synthesis of graphene-wrapped iron carbide (Fe7C3) nanoparticles supported on hierarchical fibrous N-doped graphene with open-mesoporous structures (Fe7C3/NG) by simply annealing the mixture of melamine, iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) and Fe2O3. The effects of the pyrolysis temperature and the molar ratio of FePc to melamine were critically examined in the controls. Remarkably, the Fe7C3/NG obtained at 800 °C (i.e. Fe7C3/NG-800) manifested the forward shifts in the onset potential (0.98 V) and half-wave potential (0.85 V) with respective to commercial Pt/C (50 wt%) in 0.1 M KOH, coupled with the great enhancement in the durability (still remained 92.11% of its initial current density even after 40,000 s) and strong methanol tolerance. This research presents a promising strategy for developing Pt-free non-precious efficient ORR electrocatalysts in fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lin Wen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hua-Jie Niu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zheng-Zhi Yin
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qian-Li Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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19
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Shi M, Ma J, Yao Z, Li Z, Mi H, Xie Y. Iron and nitrogen co-doped porous carbon derived from soybean dregs with enhanced catalytic performance for oxygen reduction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Liang Z, Zheng H, Cao R. Importance of Electrocatalyst Morphology for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuozhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Haoquan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
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21
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Bhowmick GD, Kibena-Põldsepp E, Matisen L, Merisalu M, Kook M, Käärik M, Leis J, Sammelselg V, Ghangrekar MM, Tammeveski K. Multi-walled carbon nanotube and carbide-derived carbon supported metal phthalocyanines as cathode catalysts for microbial fuel cell applications. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9se00574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal phthalocyanine (CoPc and FePc) modified MWCNT or CDC materials were explored as superior cathode catalysts for MFC technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. D. Bhowmick
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | | | - L. Matisen
- Institute of Physics
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - M. Merisalu
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
- Institute of Physics
| | - M. Kook
- Institute of Physics
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - M. Käärik
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - J. Leis
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - V. Sammelselg
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
- Institute of Physics
| | - M. M. Ghangrekar
- Department of Civil Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - K. Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
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