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Leeb E, Wielend D, Schimanofsky C, Sariciftci NS. Substrate and pH‐dependent homogeneous electrocatalysis using riboflavin for oxygen reduction. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Leeb
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Dominik Wielend
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Corina Schimanofsky
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
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3
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Carbon Monoliths with Hierarchical Porous Structure for All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. BATTERIES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/batteries7030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoliths were tested as electrodes for vanadium redox batteries. The materials were synthesised by a hard-templating route, employing sucrose as carbon precursor and sodium chloride crystals as the hard template. For the preparation process, both sucrose and sodium chloride were ball-milled together and molten into a paste which was hot-pressed to achieve polycondensation of sucrose into a hard monolith. The resultant material was pyrolysed in nitrogen at 750 °C, and then washed to remove the salt by dissolving it in water. Once the porosity was opened, a second pyrolysis step at 900 °C was performed for the complete conversion of the materials into carbon. The products were next characterised in terms of textural properties and composition. Changes in porosity, obtained by varying the proportions of sucrose to sodium chloride in the initial mixture, were correlated with the electrochemical performances of the samples, and a good agreement between capacitive response and microporosity was indeed observed highlighted by an increase in the cyclic voltammetry curve area when the SBET increased. In contrast, the reversibility of vanadium redox reactions measured as a function of the difference between reduction and oxidation potentials was correlated with the accessibility of the active vanadium species to the carbon surface, i.e., was correlated with the macroporosity. The latter was a critical parameter for understanding the differences of energy and voltage efficiencies among the materials, those with larger macropore volumes having the higher efficiencies.
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4
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Bellani S, Najafi L, Prato M, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Martín-García B, Gagliani L, Mantero E, Marasco L, Bianca G, Zappia MI, Demirci C, Olivotto S, Mariucci G, Pellegrini V, Schiavetti M, Bonaccorso F. Graphene-Based Electrodes in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Produced by Rapid Low-Pressure Combined Gas Plasma Treatments. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:4106-4121. [PMID: 34267420 PMCID: PMC8274967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-power density vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) with high energy efficiencies (EEs) is crucial for the widespread dissemination of this energy storage technology. In this work, we report the production of novel hierarchical carbonaceous nanomaterials for VRFB electrodes with high catalytic activity toward the vanadium redox reactions (VO2+/VO2 + and V2+/V3+). The electrode materials are produced through a rapid (minute timescale) low-pressure combined gas plasma treatment of graphite felts (GFs) in an inductively coupled radio frequency reactor. By systematically studying the effects of either pure gases (O2 and N2) or their combination at different gas plasma pressures, the electrodes are optimized to reduce their kinetic polarization for the VRFB redox reactions. To further enhance the catalytic surface area of the electrodes, single-/few-layer graphene, produced by highly scalable wet-jet milling exfoliation of graphite, is incorporated into the GFs through an infiltration method in the presence of a polymeric binder. Depending on the thickness of the proton-exchange membrane (Nafion 115 or Nafion XL), our optimized VRFB configurations can efficiently operate within a wide range of charge/discharge current densities, exhibiting energy efficiencies up to 93.9%, 90.8%, 88.3%, 85.6%, 77.6%, and 69.5% at 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, and 300 mA cm-2, respectively. Our technology is cost-competitive when compared to commercial ones (additional electrode costs < 100 € m-2) and shows EEs rivalling the record-high values reported for efficient systems to date. Our work remarks on the importance to study modified plasma conditions or plasma methods alternative to those reported previously (e.g., atmospheric plasmas) to improve further the electrode performances of the current VRFB systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (S.B.)
| | - Leyla Najafi
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials
Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala
University, Box 534, 751
03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- CIC nanoGUNE, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque, Spain
| | - Luca Gagliani
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantero
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Marasco
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianca
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marilena I. Zappia
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 31/C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cansunur Demirci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
- NanoChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Olivotto
- Wind
Technology Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Giacomo Mariucci
- Storage
and New Business Design, Engineering & Construction, Enel Green Power S.p.A., https://www.enel.com/
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Schiavetti
- Thermal &
Industry 4.0 Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (F.B.)
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5
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Li Q, Bai A, Zhang T, Li S, Sun H. Dopamine-derived nitrogen-doped carboxyl multiwalled carbon nanotube-modified graphite felt with improved electrochemical activity for vanadium redox flow batteries. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200402. [PMID: 32874635 PMCID: PMC7428217 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Improving the electrochemical activity of electrodes is essential to the development of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). In this work, we prepared a novel electrode with the modification of nitrogen-doped carboxyl multiwalled carbon nanotubes using dopamine as an eco-friendly nitrogen source (carboxyl MWCNT@PDAt). Characterization and electrochemical measurements reveal that the synthesized carboxyl MWCNT@PDAt-modified graphite felt electrode (carboxyl MWCNT@PDAt/GF) exhibits excellent electrochemical performance toward VO2+/ V O 2 + reaction. Superior battery performance was obtained with the energy efficiency of 80.54% at a current density of 80 mA cm-2. Excellent durability of the carboxyl MWCNT@PDAt/GF electrode was confirmed by long-term charge/discharge tests. The enhanced reaction kinetics of VO2+/ V O 2 + is ascribed to the synergetic effect of oxygen and nitrogen containing groups on graphite felt surface and the presence of nitrogen-doped carboxyl multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The facile approach proposed in this paper provides a new route to the fabrication of electrode with excellent performance for VRFB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hong Sun
- Author for correspondence: Hong Sun e-mail:
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7
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Wang L, Li S, Li D, Xiao Q, Jing W. 3D flower-like molybdenum disulfide modified graphite felt as a positive material for vanadium redox flow batteries. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17235-17246. [PMID: 35521452 PMCID: PMC9053512 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02541k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
3D flower-like molybdenum disulfide microsphere modified graphite felt (MoS2/GF) with excellent electrocatalytic activity and redox reversibility for the VO2+/VO2+ couple is successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. The results show that the hydrothermal reaction time has a deep influence on the MoS2 structure; an open 3D flower-like MoS2 structure with a layer spacing of 0.63 nm is uniformly grafted on the GF surface for a reaction time of 36 h. With the presence of MoS2, the total resistance (1.58 Ω) and charge transfer resistance (0.01 Ω) of MoS2/GF-36 are smaller than that of the heat treated GF (2.04 Ω and 11.27 Ω, respectively), indicating that the electrode has better conductivity and more favorable electron transfer ability. As expected, a significant increase in the capacity and energy efficiency is obtained with the MoS2/GF-36 electrode. These satisfactory results are attributed to the 3D flower-like structure on the surface of the electrode, which increases the contact area between the electrode and the electrolyte. More importantly, the MoS2/GF electrode with excellent stability has great application prospect in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The open flower-like structure facilitates vanadium ion transport. The capacity and efficiency of a battery using MoS2/GF are dramatically increased.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Shuangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangsu Jiayi Thermal Power Co., Ltd. Changzhou 213200 China
| | - Qinhao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wenheng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
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8
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Zhang L, Ma Q, Hu J, Liu J, Deng Q, Ning P, Zhou C, Wu X, Wu Y. Enhancing the Catalytic Kinetics of Electrodes by using a Multidimensional Carbon Network for Applications in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201902131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang 414006 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
| | - Qiang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
| | - Jun‐Ping Hu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
| | - Qi Deng
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
| | - Pan Ning
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang 414006 China
| | - Congshan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang 414006 China
| | - Xiongwei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering & School of Energy Science and EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Nanjing 211816 China
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10
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A Comprehensive Study on Hydroxyl Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Used as Catalysts for VO2+/VO2+ Reaction in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/3258342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive study on the hydroxyl multiwalled carbon nanotubes (hydroxyl MWCNTs) as catalysts in a positive reaction was performed to improve the efficiency of the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The physicochemical properties of the hydroxyl MWCNT-modified electrode were characterized by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), conductivity measurement, Brunner–Emmet–Teller (BET) measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, and charge-discharge tests. The prepared composite electrode possesses a huge amount of oxygen-containing groups, high-specific surface area, high electrical conductivity, and high catalytic activity towards the VO2+/VO2+ reaction based on physicochemical characterization. The hydroxyl MWCNT-modified graphite felt (hydroxyl MWCNTs/GF) shows the best cell performance with the energy efficiency of 79.74% and remains in high stability after 50 cycles. The improved cell performance is probably ascribed to the increase in active sites, fast charge transfer, and mass transfer rate of the introduced hydroxyl MWCNTs.
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