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Gomis-Berenguer A, Casanova A, Banks CE, Iniesta J. All-in-one continuous electrochemical monitoring of 2-phenylphenol removal from water by electro-Fenton treatment. Talanta 2024; 272:125761. [PMID: 38364564 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The biggest allure of heterogeneous electro-Fenton (HEF) processes largely fails on its high efficiency for the degradation of a plethora of hazardous compounds present in water, but still challenging to search for good and cost-effective electrocatalyst. In this work, carbon black (CB) and oxidised carbon black (CBox) materials were investigated as cathodes in the electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide involved in HEF reaction for the degradation of 2-phenylphenol (2PP) as a target pollutant. The electrodes were fabricated by employing carbon cloth as support, and the highest H2O2 production yields were obtained for the CBox, pointing out the beneficial effect of the hydrophilic character of the electrode and oxygen-type functionalization of the carbonaceous surface. HEF degradation of 2PP was explored at -0.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl exhibiting the best conversion rates and degradation grade (total organic carbon) for the CBox-based cathode. In addition, the incorporation of an electrochemical sensor of 2PP in line with the HEF reactor was accomplished by the use of screen-printed electrodes (SPE) in order to monitor the pollutant degradation. The electrochemical sensor performance was evaluated from the oxidation of 2PP in the presence of Fe2+ ions by using square wave voltammetry (SWV) technique. The best electrochemical sensor performance was based on SPE modified with Meldola Blue showing a high sensitivity, low detection limit (0.12 ppm) and wide linear range (0.5-21 ppm) with good reproducibility (RSD 2.3 %). The all-in-one electrochemical station has been successfully tested for the degradation and quantification of 2PP, obtaining good recoveries analysing spiked waters from different water matrices origins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Casanova
- Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures, ICMN-CNRS (UMR 7374) - Université d'Orléans, 1b rue de la Férollerie, 45071, Orléans, Cedex 2, France.
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Jesús Iniesta
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante, 03080, Alicante, Spain; Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Alicante, 03080, Alicante, Spain
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2
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Guo H, Zhao C, Xu H, Zhang Y, Jiao Y, Hao H, Li N, Xu W. New insights into the slow-drying modified hydrophilic graphite felt gas-diffusion cathode using acetylene black/PTFE for efficient electro-Fenton removal of norfloxacin. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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3
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Shi K, Wang Y, Xu A, Zhu H, Gu L, Liu X, Shen J, Han W, Wei K. Integrated electro-Fenton system based on embedded U-tube GDE for efficient degradation of ibuprofen. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137196. [PMID: 36370765 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBP) is a carcinogenic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is of certain hazard to aquatic animals and may cause potential harm to human health. As traditional methods cannot effectively remove such a pollutant, many advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been developed for its degradation. The electro-Fenton process has the advantages of strong oxidative ability, a synergistic effect of various degradation processes, and a wide application range. This study developed a high-performance gas diffusion electrode (GDE) for electrochemical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. The optimum system performance was found at the current density of 10 mA cm-2, pH of 7.0, and air flow rate at 0.6 L min-1, where the accumulation of H2O2 could reach as high as 769.82 mg L-1. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results revealed a fast mass-transfer property in this electro-Fenton system with U-tube GDEs, which resulted in a deep-level degradation (∼100%) of the pollutant (IBP) and a low-concentration degradation of 10 mg L-1 within a 120-min reaction period. The high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) studies demonstrated that the hydroxyl radicals were the primary active species in the electro-Fenton system and that the degradation intermediates of IBP were mainly 1-(4-isobutylphenyl) ethanol and 2-hydroxy-2-(4-isobutyl phenyl) propanoic acid through four probable electro-Fenton degradation pathways. This report provides a facile and efficient way to construct a high-performance electro-Fenton reactor, which could be effectively used in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to remove emerging contaminants in wastewater and natural water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anlin Xu
- Nanjing Tech University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liankai Gu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiqing Han
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kajia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
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An J, Feng Y, Zhao Q, Wang X, Liu J, Li N. Electrosynthesis of H 2O 2 through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction by carbon based catalysts: From mechanism, catalyst design to electrode fabrication. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 11:100170. [PMID: 36158761 PMCID: PMC9488048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an efficient oxidant with multiple uses ranging from chemical synthesis to wastewater treatment. The in-situ H2O2 production via a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) will bring H2O2 beyond its current applications. The development of carbon materials offers the hope for obtaining inexpensive and high-performance alternatives to substitute noble-metal catalysts in order to provide a full and comprehensive picture of the current state of the art treatments and inspire new research in this area. Herein, the most up-to-date findings in theoretical predictions, synthetic methodologies, and experimental investigations of carbon-based catalysts are systematically summarized. Various electrode fabrication and modification methods were also introduced and compared, along with our original research on the air-breathing cathode and three-phase interface theory inside a porous electrode. In addition, our current understanding of the challenges, future directions, and suggestions on the carbon-based catalyst designs and electrode fabrication are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
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5
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Li M, Qin X, Gao M, Li T, Lv Y. Enhanced in-situ electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide on a modified active carbon fiber prepared through response surface methodology. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Cai J, Xie J, Zhang Q, Zhou M. Enhanced degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by electro-fenton in flow-through system using B, Co-TNT anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133470. [PMID: 34973260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A flow-through system was constructed for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradation for the first time using efficient boron and cobalt co-doped TiO2 nanotubes (B, Co-TNT) as the anode and carbon black doped carbon felt (CB-CF) that had a high H2O2 yield as the cathode. Compared with dimensionally stable anode (DSA), whether in anodic oxidation (AO) or AO-electro-Fenton (EF) system, 2,4-D degradation in B, Co-TNT anode system was more efficient accompanying with a lower energy consumption (Ec). Different operating parameters including applied current density, initial pH and flow rate were explored, supporting that the optimal Fe2+ dosage was 0.5 mM while decreasing the initial pH and increasing the current intensity and flow rate were beneficial to 2,4-D removal. In this AO-EF system, the involved mechanisms for 2,4-D degradation were anodization and Fenton oxidation, possessing the comprehensive effect of •OH and SO4•- with their contribution of 92.7% and 4.8%, respectively. This flow-through AO-EF system performed a stable performance, and an efficient degradation performance with low Ec (5.8-29.5 kWh (kg TOC)-1) was obtained for different kinds of contaminants (methylene blue, phenol, p-nitrophenol and sulfamethazine). Therefore, B, Co-TNT anode coupled with CB-CF cathode in flow-through system was effective for contaminants degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingju Cai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Jinxin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qizhan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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7
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Lu J, Liu X, Chen Q, Zhou J. Coupling effect of nitrogen-doped carbon black and carbon nanotube in assembly gas diffusion electrode for H2O2 electro-generation and recalcitrant pollutant degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Clematis D, Panizza M. Electro-Fenton, solar photoelectro-Fenton and UVA photoelectro-Fenton: Degradation of Erythrosine B dye solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:129480. [PMID: 33421751 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of Erythrosine B, selected as a model compound, has been comparatively studied by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) such as electro-Fenton, UVA photoelectro-Fenton and solar photoelectro-Fenton at constant current density. Experiments are performed in a one-compartment cell with a BDD anode, and a commercial carbon felt cathode at pH = 3, treating a volume of 0.3 L in each test. The irradiation plays a crucial role in the increasing of hydroxyl radical production and in the recover of iron catalyst. A faster colour and COD removal degradation are achieved under the light application. UVA photoelectro-Fenton and solar photoelectro-Fenton processes allow degrading COD entirely in 90 min, while a conventional electro-Fenton does not reach 90% COD removal after 2 h. Energy consumptions are a substantial factor in process selection. Photo electro-Fenton with a UVA-100 W lamp has one of the best removal performance, but it becomes not suitable for application due to high energy demand, up to 515.6 kWh m-3, and the UVA system requires the main fraction of this energy. Possible alternatives are proposed to contain costs: the first is the reduction of UVA lamp power to 25 W, maintaining a high-performance removal with an Ec decreasing to 187.9 kWh m-3. Nevertheless, the lowest and competitive energy demands is obtained working with a solar photoelectro-Fenton system, where energy consumption are only related to the electrochemical process (20.9 kWh m-3), and removal is complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Clematis
- University of Genoa, Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Via All'Opera Pia 15, 16137, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Panizza
- University of Genoa, Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Via All'Opera Pia 15, 16137, Genova, Italy.
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9
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Wei K, Cui T, Huang F, Zhang Y, Han W. Membrane Separation Coupled with Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes for Organic Wastewater Treatment: A Short Review. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110337. [PMID: 33198324 PMCID: PMC7697808 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research on the coupling of membrane separation (MS) and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) has been a hot area in water pollution control for decades. This coupling aims to greatly improve water quality and focuses on the challenges in practical application to provide a promising solution to water shortage problems. This article provides a summary of the coupling configurations of MS and EAOPs, including two-stage and one-pot processes. The two-stage process is a combination of MS and EAOPs where one process acts as a pretreatment for the other. Membrane fouling is reduced when setting EAOPs before MS, while mass transfer is promoted when placing EAOPs after MS. A one-pot process is a kind of integration of two technologies. The anode or cathode of the EAOPs is fabricated from porous materials to function as a membrane electrode; thus, pollutants are concurrently separated and degraded. The advantages of enhanced mass transfer and the enlarged electroactive area suggest that this process has excellent performance at a low current input, leading to much lower energy consumption. The reported conclusions illustrate that the coupling of MS and EAOPs is highly applicable and may be widely employed in wastewater treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (K.W.); (T.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Tao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (K.W.); (T.C.); (F.H.)
- Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (K.W.); (T.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Yonghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (K.W.); (T.C.); (F.H.)
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (W.H.)
| | - Weiqing Han
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (K.W.); (T.C.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (W.H.)
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10
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Mei X, Bai J, Chen S, Zhou M, Jiang P, Zhou C, Fang F, Zhang Y, Li J, Long M, Zhou B. Efficient SO 2 Removal and Highly Synergistic H 2O 2 Production Based on a Novel Dual-Function Photoelectrocatalytic System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:11515-11525. [PMID: 32786587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The direct conversion of SO2 to SO3 is rather difficult for flue gas desulfurization due to its inert dynamic with high reaction activation energy, and the absorption by wet limestone-gypsum also needs the forced oxidation of O2 to oxidize sulfite to sulfate, which is necessary for additional aeration. Here, we propose a method to remove SO2 with highly synergistic H2O2 production based on a novel dual-function photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) system in which the jointed spontaneous reaction of desulfurization and H2O2 production was integrated instead of nonspontaneous reaction of O2 to H2O2. SO2 was absorbed by alkali liquor then oxidized quickly into SO42- by a nanorod α-Fe2O3 photoanode, which possessed high alkali corrosion resistance and electron transport properties. H2O2 was produced simultaneously in the cathode chamber on a gas diffusion electrode and was remarkably boosted by the conversion reaction of SO32- to SO42- in the anode chamber in which the released chemical energy was effectively used to increase H2O2. The photocurrent density increased by 40% up to 1.2 mA·cm-2, and the H2O2 evolution rate achieved 58.8 μmol·L-1·h-1·cm-2 with the synergistic treatment of SO2, which is about five times than that without SO2. This proposed PEC cell system offers a cost-effective and environmental-benign approach for dual purpose of flue gas desulfurization and simultaneous high-valued H2O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Mei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Mengyang Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Panyu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Changhui Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Fei Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Mingce Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Baoxue Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Acevedo-García V, Rosales E, Puga A, Pazos M, Sanromán M. Synthesis and use of efficient adsorbents under the principles of circular economy: Waste valorisation and electroadvanced oxidation process regeneration. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Yu T, Breslin CB. Graphene-Modified Composites and Electrodes and Their Potential Applications in the Electro-Fenton Process. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2254. [PMID: 32422892 PMCID: PMC7288041 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, graphene-based materials have been identified as an emerging and promising new material in electro-Fenton, with the potential to form highly efficient metal-free catalysts that can be employed in the removal of contaminants from water, conserving precious water resources. In this review, the recent applications of graphene-based materials in electro-Fenton are described and discussed. Initially, homogenous and heterogenous electro-Fenton methods are briefly introduced, highlighting the importance of the generation of H2O2 from the two-electron reduction of dissolved oxygen and its catalysed decomposition to produce reactive and oxidising hydroxy radicals. Next, the promising applications of graphene-based electrodes in promoting this two-electron oxygen reduction reaction are considered and this is followed by an account of the various graphene-based materials that have been used successfully to give highly efficient graphene-based cathodes in electro-Fenton. In particular, graphene-based composites that have been combined with other carbonaceous materials, doped with nitrogen, formed as highly porous aerogels, three-dimensional materials and porous gas diffusion electrodes, used as supports for iron oxides and functionalised with ferrocene and employed in the more effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton, are all reviewed. It is perfectly clear that graphene-based materials have the potential to degrade and mineralise dyes, pharmaceutical compounds, antibiotics, phenolic compounds and show tremendous potential in electro-Fenton and other advanced oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmel B. Breslin
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland;
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13
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Yu F, Wang L, Ma H, Pan Y. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 modified active carbon fiber as an efficient cathode in electro-Fenton for tetracycline degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Cui L, Huang H, Ding P, Zhu S, Jing W, Gu X. Cogeneration of H2O2 and OH via a novel Fe3O4/MWCNTs composite cathode in a dual-compartment electro-Fenton membrane reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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15
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Liao S, Liu J, Yan L, Liu Q, Chen G, Ma L. 2-Bromoanthraquinone as a highly efficient photocatalyst for the oxidation of sec-aromatic alcohols: experimental and DFT study. RSC Adv 2020; 10:37014-37022. [PMID: 35521235 PMCID: PMC9057153 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06414a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthraquinones are recognized as high efficiency photocatalysts which can perform various redox reactions in aqueous or organic phases. We have experimentally proven that 2-BrAQ can undergo hydrogen transfer with an alpha-aromatic alcohol under light conditions, thereby efficiently oxidizing the aromatic alcohol to the corresponding product. The yield of 1-phenethanol to acetophenone can reach more than 96%. In subsequent catalyst screening experiments, it was found that the electronegativity of the substituent at the 2 position of the anthraquinone ring and the acidity of the solvent affect the photocatalytic activity of anthraquinones. After using various aromatic alcohol substrates, 2-BrAQ showed good conversion and selectivity for most aromatic alcohols, but showed C–C bond cleavage and low selectivity with non-α-position aromatic alcohols. In order to explore the mechanism of the redox reaction of 2-BrAQ in acetonitrile solution, the corresponding free radical reaction pathway was proposed and verified by density functional theory (DFT). Focusing on calculations for 2-BrAQ during the reaction and the first-step hydrogen transfer reaction between the 2-BrAQ triplet molecule and the 1-phenylethanol molecule, we recognized the changes that occurred during the reaction and thus have a deeper understanding of the redox reaction of anthraquinone compounds in organic systems. Anthraquinones are recognized as high efficiency photocatalysts which can perform various redox reactions in aqueous or organic phases.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfu Liao
- Biomass Catalytic Conversion Laboratory
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Biomass Catalytic Conversion Laboratory
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Long Yan
- Biomass Catalytic Conversion Laboratory
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Qiying Liu
- Biomass Catalytic Conversion Laboratory
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Shantou University
- Shantou 515063
- PR China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Biomass Catalytic Conversion Laboratory
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou
- China
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