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Wang S, Yin H, Li Y, Du Z, Zhang YM, Zhang SXA. Spectrum Reconstruction Model Based on Multispectral Electrochromic Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400979. [PMID: 38994880 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Reconstructing the visible spectra of real objects is critical to the spectral camouflage from emerging spectral imaging. Electrochromic materials exhibit unique superiority for this goal due to their subtractive color-mixing model and structural diversity. Herein, a simulation model is proposed and a method is developed to fabricate electrochromic devices for dynamically reproducing the visible spectrum of the natural leaf. Over 20 kinds of pH-dependent leuco dyes have been synthesized/prepared through molecular engineering and offered available spectra/bands to reconstruct the spectrum of the natural leaf. More importantly, the spectral variance between the device and leaf is optimized from an initial 98.9 to an ideal 10.3 through the simulation model, which means, the similarity increased nearly nine-fold. As a promising spectrum reconstruction approach, it will promote the development of smart photoelectric materials in adaptive camouflage, spectral display, high-end encryption, and anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Chen Q, Zhao J, Zheng J, Xu C. Antifreezing and self-healing organohydrogels regulated by ethylene glycol towards customizable electrochromic displays. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Ding Z, Chen H, Han Y, Liu J. Molecular engineering of π-extended viologens consisting of quinoxaline-based bridges for tunable electrochromic devices. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Achieving the gray to transparent switching electrochromic properties based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole, 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene units. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Österholm AM, Nhon L, Shen DE, Dejneka AM, Tomlinson AL, Reynolds JR. Conquering residual light absorption in the transmissive states of organic electrochromic materials. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:252-260. [PMID: 34635899 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this short review, we provide an overview of our efforts in developing a family of anodically coloring electrochromic (EC) molecules that are fully transparent and colorless in the charge neutral state, and that can rapidly switch to a vibrantly colored state upon oxidation. We employ molecules with reduced conjugation lengths to center the neutral state absorption of the electrochrome in the ultraviolet, as desired for highly transparent and colorless materials. Oxidation creates radical cations that absorb light in the visible and near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, thus providing a host of accessible colors. Combining a density functional theory (DFT) computational approach fed back to the synthetic effort, target molecules are proposed, synthesized and studied, directing us to develop a complete color palette based on these high contrast ACE molecules. Utilizing pendant phosphonic acid binding substituents in concert with high surface area mesoporous indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, the electrochromes can be distributed throughout the oxide film, bringing high extent of light absorption and color density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Österholm
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
| | - Linda Nhon
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
| | - D Eric Shen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
| | - Abigail M Dejneka
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
| | - Aimée L Tomlinson
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, Georgia 30597, USA
| | - John R Reynolds
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
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Chen Q, Shi Y, Sheng K, Zheng J, Xu C. Dynamically Cross-Linked Hydrogel Electrolyte with Remarkable Stretchability and Self-Healing Capability for Flexible Electrochromic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56544-56553. [PMID: 34791876 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is desired to develop self-healing gel electrolytes for flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) due to the demand of healing damages caused during operations. We here report a hydrogel electrolyte with remarkable self-healing capability, excellent stretchability, and ionic conductivity. The hydrogel electrolyte was synthesized via one-step copolymerization of glycerol monomethacrylate (GMA) and acrylamide (AAm) in the presence of borate. Within the hydrogel electrolyte, dynamic cross-linking is expected to be formed due to the borate-didiol complexation and hydrogen-bonding interactions. As a result, the hydrogel electrolyte demonstrates an excellent self-healing efficiency of up to 97%, a fracture strain of 1155%, a fracture toughness of 136.6 kJ m-3, and a fracture stress of 13.0 kPa. Additionally, a flexible ECD based on the hydrogel electrolyte and an electrochromic layer of poly(3,4-(2,2-dimethyl-propylenedioxy)thiophene) (PProDOT-Me2) was assembled and evaluated. The device is found to be stable in both mechanical and optical properties over 1000 operation cycles. This study may provide a promising way for self-healing electrolyte gels to be utilized in a variety of flexible electrochemical devices, including ECDs, supercapacitors, and batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Shi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kai Sheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chunye Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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Zeng Z, Peng X, Zheng J, Xu C. Heteroatom-Doped Nickel Oxide Hybrids Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Novel Schiff Base Ligands toward High-Performance Electrochromism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4133-4145. [PMID: 33438396 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The tenets of coordination chemistry enable researchers to design and develop nanostructured materials based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, for the first time, we applied the Schiff base system to MOF derivatives as a strategy for the heteroatom introduction into carbon-based metal oxides toward electrochromic applications. The presented Ni-MOF thin films based on Schiff base ligands were prepared by a facile and economical reductive electrosynthesis approach, facilitating the scalable fabrication of large-size electrochromic films derived from MOFs. After the pyrolysis, the desired N-doped NiO@C (N-C@NiO) films can achieve a high cycling stability (500 cycles with 7% contrast attenuation) and coloration efficiency (80.18 cm2/C) via different pyrolysis procedures. In addition, the one-step fabricated N-C@NiO shows an excellent ability of contrast modulation (68%@580 nm) with merely 3.6% transmittance at the colored state. These improvements in electrochromic properties are attributed to hierarchical porous heterostructures and influenced by the N/C ratio and C-N bonding configuration, indicating that N-C@NiO systems derived from Schiff base MOFs are promising for low-transmittance displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zeng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohan Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Chunye Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
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Li Z, Wang B, Zhao X, Guo Q, Nie G. Intelligent electrochromic-supercapacitor based on effective energy level matching poly(indole-6-carboxylicacid)/WO3 nanocomposites. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04956e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A high-quality electrochromic-supercapacitor based on poly(indole-6-carboxylicacid)/WO3 nanocomposites can intelligently monitor the energy storage state by changing the color of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Baoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Xiaoqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Qingfu Guo
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Guangming Nie
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
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