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Luo Y, Li K, Hu Y, Chen T, Hu J, Feng J, Feng J. Boosting the Performance of Low-Platinum Fuel Cells via a Hierarchical and Interconnected Porous Carbon Support. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4811-4817. [PMID: 38241134 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The design of a low-platinum (Pt) proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can reduce its high cost. However, the development of a low-Pt PEMFC is severely hindered by the high oxygen transfer resistance in the catalyst layer. Herein, a carbon with interconnected and hierarchical pores is synthesized as a support for the low-Pt catalyst to lower the oxygen transfer resistance. A H2-air fuel cell assembled by Pt/hierarchical porous carbon shows 1610 mW/cm2 peak power density, 2230 mA/cm2 current density at 0.60 V, and only 18.4 S/m local oxygen transfer resistance with 0.10 mgPt/cm2 Pt loading at the cathode, which far exceeds those of various carbon black supports and commercially used Pt/C catalysts. Both the experimental and simulation results have shown the advancement of hierarchical pores toward the high efficiency of oxygen transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, 109 De Ya Road, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
- Department of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yijie Hu
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, 109 De Ya Road, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Jianqiang Hu
- Department of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, 109 De Ya Road, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Junzong Feng
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, 109 De Ya Road, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
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Shi C, Long Z, Wu C, Dai H, Li Z, Qiao H, Liu K, Fan QH, Wang K. Multi-Pleated Alkalized Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-Based Sandwich-Like Structure Composite Nanofibers for High-Performance Sodium/Lithium Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303802. [PMID: 37519121 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The volume expansion of CoFe2 O4 anode poses a significant challenge in the commercial application of lithium/sodium-ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs). However, metal-organic-frameworks (MOF) offer superior construction of heterostructures with refined interfacial interactions and lower ion diffusion barriers in Li/Na storage. In this study, the CoFe2 O4 @carbon nanofibers derived from MOF are produced through electrospinning, in situ growth followed by calcination, which are then confined within an MXene-confined MOF-derived porous CoFe2 O4 @carbon composite architecture under alkali treatment. The CoFe2 O4 nanofibers anchor on the alkalized MXene that is decorated with the NaOH solution to form a multi-pleated structure. The sandwich-like structure of the composite effectively alleviates the volume expansion and shortens the Li/Na-ion diffusion path, which displays high capacity and outstanding rate performance as anode materials for LIBs/SIBs. As a consequence, the obtained CoFe2 O4 @carbon@alkalized MXene composite anode shows satisfied rate performance at current density of 10 A g-1 for LIBs (318 mAh·g-1 ) and 5 A g-1 for SIBs (149 mAh g-1 ). The excellent cycling performance is further demonstrated at a high current density, where it maintains a discharge capacity of 807 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1 after 400 cycles for LIBs and 130 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 even after 1000 cycles for SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhiwen Long
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Caiqin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Han Dai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhengchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441053, China
| | - Qi Hua Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering & Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Keliang Wang
- Fraunhofer USA, Inc., Center for Midwest, Division for Coatings and Diamond Technologies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Al-Senani GM, Nasr M, Zayed M, Ali SS, Alshaikh H, Abd El-Salam HM, Shaban M. Fabrication of PES Modified by TiO 2/Na 2Ti 3O 7 Nanocomposite Mixed-Matrix Woven Membrane for Enhanced Performance of Forward Osmosis: Influence of Membrane Orientation and Feed Solutions. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:654. [PMID: 37505020 PMCID: PMC10383846 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Water treatment is regarded as one of the essential elements of sustainability. To lower the cost of treatment, the wastewater volume is reduced via the osmotic process. Here, mixed-matrix woven forward osmosis (MMWFO) PES membranes modified by a TiO2/Na2Ti3O7 (TNT) nanocomposite were fabricated for treating water from different sources. Various techniques were used to characterize the TNT nanocomposite. The crystal structure of TNT is a mix of monoclinic Na2Ti3O7 and anorthic TiO2 with a preferred orientation of (2-11). The SEM image shows that the surface morphology of the TNT nanocomposite is a forked nano-fur with varying sizes regularly distributed throughout the sample. The impact of TNT wt.% on membrane surface morphologies, functional groups, hydrophilicity, and performance was investigated. Additionally, using distilled water (DW) as the feed solution (FS), the effects of various NaCl concentrations, draw solutions, and membrane orientations on the performance of the mixed-matrix membranes were tested. Different water samples obtained from various sources were treated as the FS using the optimized PES/TNT (0.01 wt.%) MMWFO membrane. Using textile effluent as the FS, the impact of various NaCl DS concentrations on the permeated water volume was investigated. The results show that the MMWFO membrane generated with the TNT nanocomposite at a 0.01 wt.% ratio performed better in FO mode. After 30 min of use with 1 M NaCl and various sources of water as the FS, the optimized MMWFO membrane provided a steady water flow and exhibited antifouling behavior. DW performed better than other water types whenever it was used owing to its greater flow (136 LMH) and volume reduction (52%). Tap water (TW), textile industrial wastewater (TIWW), gray water (GW), and municipal wastewater (MW) showed volume reductions of 41%, 34%, 33%, and 31.9%, respectively. Additionally, when utilizing NaCl as the DS and TIWW as the FS, 1 M NaCl resulted in more permeated water than 0.25 M and 0.5 M, yet a higher volume reduction of 41% was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadah M Al-Senani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat Nasr
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Zayed
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Sahar S Ali
- Chemical Engineering and Pilot-Plant Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Hind Alshaikh
- Chemistry Department, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 344, Jeddah 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanafy M Abd El-Salam
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaban
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, P.O. Box 170, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
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Loganathan L, Yap SP, Lau BF, Nagapan M. Mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of mortars containing spent mushroom substrate as partial fine aggregate replacement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:69176-69191. [PMID: 37133663 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27256-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Replacing conventional fine aggregates with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is aimed at developing a sustainable lightweight masonry mortar. It is also an alternative solution for the current improper mushroom waste disposals. Density, workability, compressive strength, specific strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, sorptivity, and equivalent CO2 emission in relation to sand reduction in mortars containing 2.5-15.0% (by volume) SMS passing through a 4.75-mm sieve were investigated. As the percentages of replacement increased from 2.5 to 15.0%, the density of the SMS mortar reduced up to 34.8%, with corresponding compressive strengths of 24.96 to 3.37 MPa. Mixes with up to 12.5% SMS met the minimum compressive and flexural strengths as stated in the ASTM C129 standard. In addition, the equivalent CO2 emission of the mixes reduced 15.09% as the SMS content increased while cost-effectiveness increases up to 98.15% until 7.5% SMS replacement. In conclusion, the use of SMS as fine aggregates up to 12.5% is a viable mix design strategy for producing sustainable lightweight mortar with a lower carbon emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loginy Loganathan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon Poh Yap
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Beng Fye Lau
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Moganraj Nagapan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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