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Hsieh MT, Liang SHY, Yang YH, Kuo TY, Lin TY, Wang TN, Chen VCH, Wu MH. Allergic rhinitis increases the risk of incident panic disorder among young individuals: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:60-67. [PMID: 30981057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported an association between allergy and panic disorder. However, few studies have explored the relationship between allergic rhinitis and panic disorder. Previous studies were limited by cross-sectional study designs, self-reported symptoms, absence of matched controls, and lack of consideration of the influence of steroid and comorbidities. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal association between allergic rhinitis and panic disorder in a large population-based cohort of young people. METHODS In this study, 79,917 new cases of allergic rhinitis between 1998 and 2012 in individuals younger than 20 years were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. One control (nonallergic rhinitis) per case (allergic rhinitis) was randomly selected from the remaining sample, matching for age, sex, residence, and insurance premium. Both groups were followed until the end of 2013 for incidence of panic disorder. Cox regression analysis was performed, adjusting for sex, age, residence, insurance premium, systemic steroids, asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and Charlson index. RESULTS Allergic rhinitis was associated with a 2-fold increase in risk for panic disorder after adjustment for other variables. Additional independent risk factor of panic disorders were female sex, older age group, and depression. LIMITATIONS Lifestyle, substance use, smoking by the patient or family members, and psychosocial stressors were not evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Allergic rhinitis was associated with increased risk of panic disorder. Assessment and intervention of allergy rhinitis among young people with panic disorder are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsu Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Yu Kuo
- Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Tsang-Yaw Lin
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 542 No.161, Yu-Pin Rd, Caotun Township, Nantou, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsu-Nai Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C..
| | - Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 613 Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Huan Wu
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 542 No.161, Yu-Pin Rd, Caotun Township, Nantou, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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