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Abderrahmane A, Kharbach A, Azzine H, Lkoul A, Bouchriti Y, Cherrat Z, Ezzahir N, Boukrim M, Sine H. [Tentatives de suicide au Maroc: une revue systématique]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2022; 70:243-251. [PMID: 35927118 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a widespread phenomenon that affects persons of all ages, and it has become a major public health problem in Morocco. OBJECTIVES This study aims to describe the epidemiological profile of suicide attempters in Morocco, as well as the identification of associated factors. METHODS The present work is a systematic review that was conducted according to the recommendations of the "Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (2009)", including articles dealing with suicide attempts in Morocco that meet the usual inclusion criteria. The PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases were searched; articles had to be written in English or French. Additional studies were manually identified through via Google Scholar. Quality assessment of the included studies was carried out according to the NIH Assessment Tool. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020165493). RESULTS Twenty studies were selected. Adults and adolescents are the age groups most affected by suicide. That said, the phenomenon mainly concerns children over 10 years of age. In some studies, more than 90% of the cases involve females, and they are more numerous in urban than in rural settings, and single individuals are more affected than married people. As for children and adolescents, most of them had divorced parents, and more than 50% of suicidal persons of all ages had a low socio-economic level. Although females are more likely than males to commit suicide, males are more exposed to death due to the violent means used. CONCLUSIONS Because of the alarming rate of suicide in our country, nationwide prevention strategies are called for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achbani Abderrahmane
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco; Laboratory of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Kharbach
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Agadir, Morocco; Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology (LBRCE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Hajar Azzine
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Abdelmajid Lkoul
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Youssef Bouchriti
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Agadir, Morocco; Applied Geosciences and Environment Team, Faculty of Agadir Sciences, IBN ZOHR University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Zakariae Cherrat
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Agadir, Morocco; Laboratory of Community health, preventive medicine and hygiene, Department of public health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Ezzahir
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Boukrim
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco; Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology (LBRCE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hasnaa Sine
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco; Medical Biology, Human and Experimental Pathology and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Cheffi N, Chakroun-Walha O, Sellami R, Ouali R, Mnif D, Guermazi F, Issaoui F, Lajmi M, Benamar B, Damak J, Rekik N, Masmoudi J. Validation of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) in the Tunisian dialect. Public Health 2021; 202:100-105. [PMID: 34936977 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) is one of the most frequently used depression assessment scales. In Tunisia, psychiatrists commonly use this scale in a Tunisian dialect. However, to the best of our knowledge, this scale has never been validated in Tunisia. This study aims to investigate the reliability and the validity of the HDRS among Tunisian patients who have been hospitalised for a suicide attempt. A secondary objective is to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the study population. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study performed in the emergency department. METHODS Patients who were hospitalised for a suicide attempt were eligible for inclusion in this study. The Tunisian version of the HDRS was developed using a forward-backward translation procedure. Psychometric properties of the Tunisian version of the HDRS were tested, including (i) construct validity with a confirmatory one-factor analysis; (ii) internal validity with Pearson correlations and Cronbach alpha coefficients; and (iii) external validity by correlations with the Patient Health Quality-9 (PHQ-9) scale. We used the Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to analyse the correlation between the total HDRS score and the presence of depression according to the PHQ-9. RESULTS In total, 101 participants were enrolled in this study. The principal component analysis (PCA) type factor analysis with varimax rotation found a high-grade correlation between HDRS individual items and the total score. The total variance, explained by five factors, was 64.4%. Cronbach's standardised alpha coefficient was 0.86 for the overall scale. Correlations between the total HDRS score and the PHQ-9 score, and its various items, were significant. The ROC curve analysis showed good sensitivity (80.8%) and specificity (91.1%). CONCLUSION The Tunisian version of the HDRS is an acceptable instrument to screen depression in individuals who have attempted suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cheffi
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - O Chakroun-Walha
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - R Sellami
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - R Ouali
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - D Mnif
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - F Guermazi
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - F Issaoui
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Lajmi
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - B Benamar
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - J Damak
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University Hospital Hedi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - N Rekik
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - J Masmoudi
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
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Boudabous J, Hadjkacem I, Bouaziz I, Khemakhem K, Ben Touhemi D, Walha A, Ayadi H, Moalla Y. Conduites addictives chez l’adolescent en population clinique : étude tunisienne comparative sur deux périodes avant et après la révolution. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ben Khelil M, Zgarni A, Belghith M, Harzallah H, Zhioua M, Hamdoun M. Trends of juvenile and adolescent suicides in North Tunisia: a 12-year study. Public Health 2021; 194:223-231. [PMID: 33962100 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics for suicide methods and factors over a 12-year period among child suicides in Northern Tunisia and to compare juvenile and adolescent suicides. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS We included all child and adolescent suicide cases that took place in the North of Tunisia over a 12 year period (2005-2016). Data were collected from medical records and judicial inquiries and were classified into three sections: sociodemographic data, the circumstances of suicide, and the autopsy findings. Data were then compared between the 'juvenile suicide group' and 'the adolescent suicide group', according to the WHO definition. RESULTS Casualties were equally males and females, mostly adolescents (74.5%), aged 15 years old on average. Hanging was the most frequent suicidal method. A peak of frequency was observed in 2014. CONCLUSION Our results suggested to focus, among other preventive measures, on the role of media coverage of child suicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ben Khelil
- Faculty of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Legal Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - A Zgarni
- Faculty of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Belghith
- Department of Legal Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - H Harzallah
- Faculty of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Legal Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Zhioua
- Faculty of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Legal Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Hamdoun
- Faculty of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Legal Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
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Charfi F, Harbaoui A, Skhiri A, Abbès Z, Belhadj A, Halayem S, Bouden A. [Epidemiological and clinical profile of suicide attempts in Tunisian children and adolescents after the revolution]. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 32:204. [PMID: 31312316 PMCID: PMC6620052 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.32.204.15477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Les conduites suicidaires sont en augmentation en Tunisie et touchent une population de plus en plus jeune. Le but de notre étude était de décrire le profil sociodémographique et clinique des tentatives de suicide chez l'enfant et l'adolescent. Méthodes Cette étude était transversale et descriptive, incluant 50 suicidants, recrutés au service de pédopsychiatrie de l'Hôpital Razi de la Manouba et dans deux services de réanimation et de pédiatrie de Tunis, entre juillet 2012 et juin 2013. Ont été relevés les facteurs sociodémographiques et cliniques, les antécédents de maltraitance, la scolarité, les caractéristiques de la TS, l'intentionnalité suicidaire évaluée par le Suicide Intent Scale, et les troubles psychopathologiques à l'aide du Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Résultats Le sex-ratio était de 0,56, la moyenne d'âge était de 12,4 ans avec des extrêmes de 7 à 16 ans. Un échec ou un fléchissement scolaire a concerné 86% des suicidants. Dans 38% des cas il s'agissait de récidive; des antécédents d'automutilations ont été retrouvés dans les mêmes proportions. Un contexte de maltraitance a été signalé dans 46% des cas. L'ingestion médicamenteuse était le moyen le plus fréquent, les psychotropes étant les plus représentés. Une différence significative entre le genre a été retrouvée dans le recours aux moyens suicidaires, ainsi les garçons ont eu davantage recours aux moyens physiques (p=0,04) et les filles aux intoxications (p=0,001). L'intentionnalité suicidaire était élevée dans 44%. Un épisode dépressif majeur et le trouble de l'adaptation étaient les troubles les plus fréquemment retrouvés dans respectivement 58% et 24% des cas. Conclusion Les troubles dépressifs et la maltraitance se dégagent comme des facteurs de risque des TS chez les enfants et les adolescents, ces facteurs doivent être pris en considération dans les stratégies de prévention du suicide dans cette population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Charfi
- Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Mongi Slim de La Marsa, Sidi Daoud 2046, Tunis, Tunisie.,Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Azza Harbaoui
- Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Razi, rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisie
| | - Afef Skhiri
- Institut National de la Santé, 5-7 rue Khartoum, 1002 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Zeineb Abbès
- Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.,Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Razi, rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisie
| | - Ahlem Belhadj
- Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Mongi Slim de La Marsa, Sidi Daoud 2046, Tunis, Tunisie.,Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Soumaya Halayem
- Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.,Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Razi, rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisie
| | - Asma Bouden
- Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.,Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Razi, rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisie
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