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Apóstolo J, Dixe MDA, Bobrowicz-Campos E, Areosa T, Santos-Rocha R, Braúna M, Ribeiro J, Marques I, Freitas J, Almeida MDL, Couto F. Effectiveness of a Combined Intervention on Psychological and Physical Capacities of Frail Older Adults: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173125. [PMID: 31466229 PMCID: PMC6747215 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults experience physical and psychological declines affecting independency. Adapted and structured combined interventions composed of cognitive stimulation and physical exercise contribute to comorbidities' reduction. Methods: Multicenter single-blinded two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial conducted to assess effectiveness of a combined intervention (CI), composed of a cognitive stimulation program (CSP) and a physical exercise program (PEP), on psychological and physical capacities of frail older adults as to on their activities of daily living. Were recruited 50 subjects from two elderly end-user organizations. Of these, 44 (65.9% females, mean age of 80.5 ± 8.47 years) were considered eligible, being randomly allocated in experimental (EG) or control group (CG). Data collected at baseline and post-intervention. EG received CI three times a week during 12 weeks. CG received standard care. Non-parametric measures were considered. Results: At baseline, groups were equivalent for study outcomes. The comparison of pre- and post-intervention data revealed that subjects receiving CI reduced depressive symptomatology and risk of fall based on gait and balance, and improved gait speed. Simultaneously, in the CG a significant decline on activities of daily living was observed. Significant results were found among biomechanical parameters of gait (BPG). EG' effect size revealed to be small (0.2 ≤ r < 0.5). CG' effect size was also small; but for activities of daily living there was an evident decrease. Conclusion: The CI is effective on managing older adults' psychological and physical capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Apóstolo
- Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), The Health Sciences Research Unit, a Collaborator of The PORTUGAL Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Centre of Excellence (PCEBP), 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Maria Dos Anjos Dixe
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (IPLeiria), 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | | | - Timóteo Areosa
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (IPLeiria), 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Rita Santos-Rocha
- Sports Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Polytechnic Institute of Santarém (IPSantarém), 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance-Faculty of Human Kinetics-University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Mónica Braúna
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (IPLeiria), 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Jaime Ribeiro
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (IPLeiria), 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques
- Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, The Health Sciences Research Unit, 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Freitas
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance-Faculty of Human Kinetics-University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lurdes Almeida
- Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, The Health Sciences Research Unit, 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa Couto
- Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, The Health Sciences Research Unit, 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Gwyther H, Bobrowicz-Campos E, Luis Alves Apóstolo J, Marcucci M, Cano A, Holland C. A realist review to understand the efficacy and outcomes of interventions designed to minimise, reverse or prevent the progression of frailty. Health Psychol Rev 2018; 12:382-404. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2018.1488601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Gwyther
- The Centre for Ageing Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | | | - Maura Marcucci
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- previously IRCCS Ca'Granda Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Cano
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carol Holland
- The Centre for Ageing Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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