1
|
Sorrentino GP, Guimaraes R, Cornelio A, Zanoletti A, Valentim B, Bontempi E. Mitigating CO 2 emissions through an industrial symbiosis approach: Leveraging cork ash carbonation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32893. [PMID: 39027456 PMCID: PMC11254608 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores for the first time the potential use of carbonation as a method for managing cork ash, a byproduct of biomass waste incineration. Additionally, the cork ash was combined with fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration to leverage the carbonation reaction's ability to stabilize heavy metals. The findings suggest that subjecting biomass ash to carbonation can lead to the formation of mineral carbonates, effectively capturing CO2 and reducing its release into the atmosphere. The combination of various alkaline wastes and the stabilization of leachable heavy metals through carbonation reactions also opens opportunities for synergies between different industrial sectors. Finally, the study proposes a route for the obtained materials valorisation via 'end of waste': the reuse of the resulting materials as substitutes for natural resources, particularly in applications like building materials and polymer composites, can further enhance carbon dioxide savings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Pasquale Sorrentino
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Renato Guimaraes
- Earth Science Institute–Porto Pole, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Antonella Cornelio
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zanoletti
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Bruno Valentim
- Earth Science Institute–Porto Pole, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhai Y, Liu F, Hu Y, Wang L, Lu X, Yu Z, Liu H, Zhang R. Regional CO 2 accounting and market layout of incinerator fly ash management in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163336. [PMID: 37030374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from solid waste incinerator fly ash (IFA) management attracts growing interests since China's zero-waste plan and carbon peak/neutral goals. Herein, provincial GHG emissions from four demonstrated IFA reutilization technologies in China were estimated after analyzing IFA spatial-temporal distribution. Results indicate that technologies transition (landfilling-to-reutilization) could reduce GHG except for glassy slag production. IFA to cement option could potentially realize negative GHG emissions. Spatial GHG variation drivers in IFA management were recognized as provincial-different IFA composition and power emission factors. IFA management options were recommended provincially after weighting local development goals related to GHG reduction and economic benefits. Baseline scenario analysis shows that China's IFA industry would reach carbon peak in 2025 (5.02 Mt). 2030's GHG reduction potential (6.12 Mt) is equivalent to that of absorbed CO2 by 340 million trees annually. Overall, this research could contribute to illustrating future market layout complying with carbon peaking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Zhai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province (KLaCER), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yifan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province (KLaCER), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hanqiao Liu
- School of Energy and Safety Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ganesapillai M, Mehta R, Tiwari A, Sinha A, Bakshi HS, Chellappa V, Drewnowski J. Waste to energy: A review of biochar production with emphasis on mathematical modelling and its applications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14873. [PMID: 37089283 PMCID: PMC10119570 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
United Nations charter to build a sustainable future has paved the way for the introduction of the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) at a global forum. In particular, SDG 11 is aligned with the idea of developing cities and communities that provide quality human life, by attaining net-zero discharge and self-sustainability. In line with the efforts of the global community, biochar has emerged as a viable solution due to its ability to convert waste into value. Finding applications in a spectrum of domains, biochar is being studied for use as an adsorbent, a co-catalyst to promote industrial-grade reactions and as a feed for fuel cells. Moreover, the inclusion of biochar as a soil enhancement material advocates the implementation of closed-loop nutrient cycles. Hence, it is imperative to have a proper understanding of the biomass characteristics, the hydrothermal treatment and the process parameters to be adopted for the production of char in order to identify biomass feedstock based on the application. The current work provides insight into the key factors and conditions employed for the production of biochar based on the plethora of applications. In order build a basic framework to aid in the production of char, the development of a statistical correlation was undertaken to determine the feed and optimum process parameters for the production of biochar based on its applications.
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu L, Chen Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang A, Chen H, Xue G. Discovering dominant ammonia assimilation: Implication for high-strength nitrogen removal in full scale biological treatment of landfill leachate. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137256. [PMID: 36395888 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate containing high-strength nitrogen is generated in domestic waste landfilling. The integration of anoxic and aerobic process (AO) based on nitrification and denitrification, has been a mainstream process of biological nitrogen removal (BNR). But the high-strength organics as well as aerobic effluent reflux might change the biochemical environment designed and operated as AO. In view of the nitrogen balance in a full scale landfill leachate treatment plant with two-stage AO, we found that approximately 90% removal of total nitrogen (TN) and ammonia (NH4+-N) focused on primary anoxic and aerobic stage. Meanwhile, the less nitrate and nitrite in the aerobic effluent were incapable of sustaining denitrification or anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox). The high reflux flow from aerobic to anoxic process enabled the similar microbial community and functional genes in anoxic and aerobic process units. However, the functional genes involving ammonia assimilation in all process units showcased the highest abundance compared to those correlated with other BNR pathways, including nitrification and denitrification, assimilatory and dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrogen fixation and anammox. The ammonia assimilation dominated the removals of TN and NH4+-N, rather than other BNR mechanism. The insight of dominant ammonia assimilation is favorable for illustrating the authentic BNR mechanism of landfill leachate in AO, thereby guiding the optimization of engineering design and operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yueling He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Gang Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| |
Collapse
|