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Rojas-Hucks S, Rodriguez-Jorquera IA, Nimpstch J, Bahamonde P, Benavides JA, Chiang G, Pulgar J, Galbán-Malagón CJ. South American National Contributions to Knowledge of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Wild Animals: Current and Future Directions. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120735. [PMID: 36548568 PMCID: PMC9781241 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human pressure due to industrial and agricultural development has resulted in a biodiversity crisis. Environmental pollution is one of its drivers, including contamination of wildlife by chemicals emitted into the air, soil, and water. Chemicals released into the environment, even at low concentrations, may pose a negative effect on organisms. These chemicals might modify the synthesis, metabolism, and mode of action of hormones. This can lead to failures in reproduction, growth, and development of organisms potentially impacting their fitness. In this review, we focused on assessing the current knowledge on concentrations and possible effects of endocrine disruptor chemicals (metals, persistent organic pollutants, and others) in studies performed in South America, with findings at reproductive and thyroid levels. Our literature search revealed that most studies have focused on measuring the concentrations of compounds that act as endocrine disruptors in animals at the systemic level. However, few studies have evaluated the effects at a reproductive level, while information at thyroid disorders is scarce. Most studies have been conducted in fish by researchers from Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and Colombia. Comparison of results across studies is difficult due to the lack of standardization of units in the reported data. Future studies should prioritize research on emergent contaminants, evaluate effects on native species and the use of current available methods such as the OMICs. Additionally, there is a primary focus on organisms related to aquatic environments, and those inhabiting terrestrial environments are scarce or nonexistent. Finally, we highlight a lack of funding at a national level in the reviewed topic that may influence the observed low scientific productivity in several countries, which is often negatively associated with their percentage of protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rojas-Hucks
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
| | | | - Jorge Nimpstch
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Paulina Bahamonde
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados—HUB Ambiental UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360004, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile
| | - Julio A. Benavides
- Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Gustavo Chiang
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
| | - José Pulgar
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
| | - Cristóbal J. Galbán-Malagón
- GEMA, Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580000, Chile
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Baos R, Cabezas S, González MJ, Jiménez B, Delibes M. Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) as sentinel species for the long-term biomonitoring of the Guadiamar River after the Aznalcóllar mine spill. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149669. [PMID: 34525684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Accidents at mines involving stored tailings have produced catastrophic environmental damage. In April 1998 the dam of the Aznalcóllar mine tailings pond in the surroundings of the Doñana National Park (southwestern Spain) broke, discharging into the Guadiamar River more than 6 million m3 of toxic mud and acidic water with high concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic. We used the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) as sentinel species to assess the potential impact of the toxic spill on the river ecosystems and their recovery with time by studying the spatial and temporal variation (1999-2003, 2006) of selected trace element (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As) concentrations in feces. Throughout the sampling period, the highest heavy metal and As levels were found in the most spill-affected reaches of the Guadiamar River (i.e., the Middle and, to a lesser extent, the Lower reaches), pointing out the mining accident as the main origin of the contamination. Overall, levels of trace elements decreased with the time elapsed since the toxic spill, except for Cd (F1,352 = 0.29, P = 0.59). However, rebounds for some elements (Pb, As, and Cu) were also observed, especially in the Middle and Lower reaches of the river, which might be attributed to the residual contamination in abiotic compartments and/or new inputs from industrial and agricultural activities in the nearby areas. Concentrations were relatively high when compared to those reported for both our reference area (Guadalete River) and other metal-polluted zones. We found that the estimated amounts of Pb and As ingested during the first years after the spill in the Guadiamar Middle reach would be high enough to cause reproductive issues. This could affect the local population recovery, although evidence on distribution range and numbers suggests otherwise, with thriving populations at regional scale. Our results support the role of otters as sentinel species for biomonitoring contaminants and thus to evaluate fluvial ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Baos
- Department of Conservation Biology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain.
| | - Sonia Cabezas
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - María José González
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Jiménez
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Delibes
- Department of Conservation Biology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
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Rodríguez-Estival J, Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Mateo R. Assessment of ecotoxicological risks to river otters from ingestion of invasive red swamp crayfish in metal contaminated areas: Use of feces to estimate dietary exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 181:108907. [PMID: 31740034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The invasive red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) has become a major food resource for Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in the Iberian Peninsula. Crayfish accumulate large amounts of metals, and hence otters could be at risk of exposure and intoxication through crayfish consumption. We conducted a food safety risk assessment for otters inhabiting two historical mining areas in central Spain affected by lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) pollution. Estimated daily intakes (EDI) of Pb and Hg were non-invasively calculated from the proportion of crayfish remains and metal levels in otter feces. We considered that the abdominal muscle and the carcass of crayfish differ significantly in relative weight, total metal content and bioavailability of metals to reduce the uncertainty of risk characterization. Fecal concentrations of Hg and Pb in the polluted areas were 1.878 and 6.554 μg/g d. w., respectively (13-fold and 7-fold higher compared to a non-polluted area). EDI of Hg and Pb in the polluted areas were 66.02 and 78.26 μg/kg-day, respectively (14- and 8-fold higher than in the reference area). EDI from the Hg area were above minimum levels susceptible to cause neurotoxicity in mustelids, and 6.3% were above levels susceptible to cause histopathological lessions. In the Pb area, 16.7% of EDI were consistent with levels causing reproductive effects. Metal exposure through crayfish consumption might prevent or slow the recovey of otters in these polluted environments, thus this factor should be considered in management strategies aimed to protect otter populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Rodríguez-Estival
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC - CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC - CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC - CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Di Marzio A, Lambertucci SA, Fernandez AJG, Martínez-López E. From Mexico to the Beagle Channel: A review of metal and metalloid pollution studies on wildlife species in Latin America. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108462. [PMID: 31228806 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of metals and metalloids (Hg; Cd; Cr; Cu; Pb; Ni; Zn; Fe; Mn; As; Se) generated by natural (e.g., geothermal activity) or anthropic causes (eg., industry or mining) represent a worldwide contamination problem, especially in developing countries. Exposure to high concentrations of these elements is harmful to living beings, including humans. Information on this type of contamination is scarce and fragmented, limiting research which could benefit from these data. To know the state of the research, we reviewed the studies of environmental pollution by metals and metalloids carried out on animal species in Latin America. The use of animals as biomonitors of contamination by metals and metalloids is a continuously expanding practice that allows for early detection of problems. With this work, we were able to identify the most studied areas in Latin America (Amazon, Gulf of California, coastal area between Rio de Janeiro and Florianopolis and River Plate Estuary). Moreover, we provide information on the most studied metals (Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) and wild species, which evidence the use of endangered species. The data reviewed should help researchers to direct their efforts towards sparsely researched areas and facilitate bibliographic consultation of scientific information on exposure to metals and metalloids in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Di Marzio
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - S A Lambertucci
- Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de La Conservación, Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional Del Comahue), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - A J Garcia Fernandez
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - E Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Navarro MA, Quadros J. Impacto de um desastre natural sobre o habitat e a ocorrência de Lontra longicaudis (Mustelidae, Carnivora) na Serra da Prata, Paraná, Brasil. IHERINGIA. SERIE ZOOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2017039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO Estudos com impacto de desastres naturais sobre a fauna são raros na literatura científica. Considerando Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818), informações publicadas não foram encontradas. O presente estudo buscou determinar se os deslizamentos de terra ocorridos em março de 2011 em parte das montanhas da Serra da Prata (Paraná, Brasil) afetaram de alguma forma a ocorrência da Lontra Neotropical no local impactado. Com esse propósito, a área estudada compreendeu um rio afetado (Rio Santa Cruz - RSC) da face leste dessa serra que foi comparado com outro não afetado (Rio das Pombas - RP), localizado na mesma face da serra e com características semelhantes às originais do RSC. A área de estudo está situada no Parque Nacional de Saint-Hilaire/Lange (PNSHL). Foram realizadas sete campanhas a partir do limite altitudinal do PNSHL (60 m s.n.m) para montante entre agosto de 2012 e julho de 2013. As campanhas consistiram de busca ativa por vestígios (fezes, pegadas, arranhados) e tocas de lontras ao longo de 3 km de margens e leito. Registros de outros mamíferos também foram observados. Cada evidência foi anotada em caderneta de campo, fotografada e georreferenciada. As tocas foram monitoradas ao longo das campanhas. Considerando as lontras, foram registrados 102 vestígios (11 arranhados, 11 pegadas e 80 fezes) e 17 tocas no rio não afetado (RP); e o rio afetado (RSC) apresentou apenas quatro vestígios (três pegadas, uma amostra fecal) e uma toca. Registros de outros mamíferos denotaram a presença de oito táxons no RP e 14 táxons no RSC. As diferenças conspícuas entre a quantidade de vestígios da presença das lontras indicam que o desastre natural afetou a população de lontras do RSC e mesmo dois anos após o evento as lontras retornaram apenas discretamente ao rio afetado. Por outro lado, outras espécies de mamíferos como Cuniculus paca (Linnaeus, 1758), reocuparam as margens abundantemente.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Quadros
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil
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Rheingantz ML, Santiago-Plata VM, Trinca CS. The Neotropical otterLontra longicaudis: a comprehensive update on the current knowledge and conservation status of this semiaquatic carnivore. Mamm Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Lopes Rheingantz
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ecologia; Rua Carlos Chagas Filho 373 - Prédio do CCS - Bloco A - Sala A2-102 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brasil CEP 21941-902
| | - Victor Manuel Santiago-Plata
- Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad en el Sureste, A.C.; Calle Centenario del Instituto Juárez, S/N, Col. Reforma Villahermosa Tabasco Mexico C.P. 86080
| | - Cristine Silveira Trinca
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de Biociências, Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Ecologia; Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12C, sala 134, Bairro Partenon Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brasil 90619-900
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Fernández-Martínez R, Rucandio I, Gómez-Pinilla I, Borlaf F, García F, Larrea MT. Evaluation of different digestion systems for determination of trace mercury in seaweeds by cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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de Carvalho GGA, Degaspari IAM, Branco V, Canário J, de Amorim AF, Kennedy VH, Ferreira JR. Assessment of total and organic mercury levels in blue sharks (Prionace glauca) from the south and southeastern Brazilian coast. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 159:128-34. [PMID: 24801656 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mercury occurrence was evaluated in samples of edible muscle tissue of 27 blue sharks (Prionace glauca) caught in the Atlantic Ocean, adjacent to the south and southeastern Brazilian coast, indicating a slight increase in comparison with previous data obtained for the same studied area and being higher than those fish caught at different sites of the Atlantic Ocean. Total Hg concentrations ranged from 0.46 to 2.40 mg kg(-1) with the organic Hg fraction ranging between 0.44 and 2.37 mg kg(-1). A negative correlation between total Hg concentration in muscle tissue and blue shark size was obtained, and 40% of samples analyzed had Hg concentrations higher than 1.0 mg kg(-1) Hg, the maximum concentration permitted in Brazilian predator fish. Data obtained showed that total Hg can be used as a reliable predictor of organic Hg in blue shark muscle because 95 to 98% of the total Hg measured was found to be organic mercury. The wide range of Hg concentrations obtained for our set of samples can be explained by the heterogeneity of sampled population and the large size of the studied area. Given the adverse toxicological effects of Hg on animals and humans, a regular monitoring program of Hg contamination in Brazilian marine ecosystem can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gustinelli Arantes de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Química Analítica, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Centenário, 303, 13416-000, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Lodenius M, Skarén U, Hellstedt P, Tulisalo E. Mercury in various tissues of three mustelid species and other trace metals in liver of European otter from Eastern Finland. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2014; 186:325-333. [PMID: 23974535 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mercury concentrations were monitored in European otter (Lutra lutra), European polecat (Mustela putorius) and European pine marten (Martes martes) collected in Eastern Finland during the period 1972-2008. Otters mainly eat fish, which is an important reason to monitor the bioaccumulation of mercury in this predator. In this species, the highest concentrations were found in fur followed by liver and kidney, and the mercury concentrations increased with increasing age and body weight. Males showed in general higher concentrations than females of otters. The food of European polecat consists of small mammals, frogs, birds and insects from both aquatic and terrestrial food chains. The mercury concentrations were lower than in otters without significant differences related to body weight or sex. In European pine martens, the concentrations were rather evenly distributed except for two specimens with high concentrations. Also, concentrations of some other metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were analysed from liver samples of otter. Possible adverse effects of mercury on the Finnish populations of these mustelids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lodenius
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box. 65, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland,
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Delibes M, Cabezas S, Jiménez B, González MJ. Animal decisions and conservation: the recolonization of a severely polluted river by the Eurasian otter. Anim Conserv 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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