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Li S, Ma Y, Yang X, Zhang L, Xu Y, Yuan X, Agathokleous E, Xu Y, Feng Z. Phenology- and light-based parameterization of stomatal conductance model for urban woody species in northern China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119658. [PMID: 39053756 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Surface ozone (O3) poses a significant threat to urban vegetation health, and assessing the O3 risk across woody species is of vital importance for maintaining the health of urban infrastructure. In the present study, Jarvis-type stomatal conductance model was parameterized for ten urban species in northern China. Incorporating the effects of time of day and diurnal O3 concentration significantly enhanced the model performance. For different plant functional types (greening trees, greening shrubs, and orchard-grown trees), three parameterizations were established to estimate stomatal O3 uptake (POD1, phytotoxic O3 dose over an hourly threshold of 1 nmol m-2 s-1). The differences in POD1 between greening trees and shrubs were primarily due to the difference in their stomatal sensitivity to light. Orchard-grown trees displayed the lowest O3 removal capacity (lowest value of POD1) because of their shorter growing season despite of high stomatal conductance. These results indicated that plant phenology and light responsiveness determined stomatal O3 uptake, and the three parameterizations developed here could be applicable to various urban species in northern regions. Among climatic factors for O3 risk assessment, O3 concentration was the most important factor determining annual variation of POD1, which was primarily driven by air temperature. However, when O3 pollution decreased, O3 concentration exhibited less dependence on temperature and more dependence on light. These findings provide crucial insights for urban policy-makers and environmental scientists aiming to mitigate O3 pollution effects and enhance urban vegetation health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China; Center for Plant Water-use and Nutrition Regulation and College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanze Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xilai Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; National Meteorological Centre, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yansen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang G, Kobayashi K, Wu H, Shang B, Wu R, Zhang Z, Feng Z. Ethylenediurea (EDU) protects inbred but not hybrid cultivars of rice from yield losses due to surface ozone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68946-68956. [PMID: 34286427 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rising concentration of ground-level ozone (O3) reduces crop yield via increased oxidative stress. Application of ethylenediurea (EDU) protects plants from O3 and could thereby serve as a means to estimate the crop yield losses due to ambient O3 (AO3). However, no study but a few exceptions has ever compared the yield loss estimates from EDU application with those from O3 elevation experiments. Here, we estimated yield loss to AO3 in rice cultivars across the 3 types, indica, japonica, and hybrid, by an EDU application in the field, and compared the yield losses with those estimated with dose-response relationships based on O3 elevation experiments. Relative yield loss (RYL) in the EDU application was estimated at 16% across the rice types on an assumption of a 100% efficiency for protection of crop yield by EDU. This estimate of RYL was close to the 15% RYL estimated from the O3 elevation experiments when a common sensitivity to O3 is assumed across the cultivars. The rice yield loss due to AO3 was thus consistent between the two approaches supporting the idea of EDU application for the yield loss estimation. When only hybrids are focused, however, the RYL from EDU application (16%) was much lower than the 34% RYL from the O3 elevation experiments, which indicates only a 37% yield protection by EDU in the hybrid rice. The incomplete protection by EDU and its genetic variability indicates the need to quantify the efficiency of protection from AO3-induced yield loss as estimated with O3 manipulating experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | | | - Hengchao Wu
- College of Wetland, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Bo Shang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Rongjun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Zujian Zhang
- Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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Emberson L. Effects of ozone on agriculture, forests and grasslands. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2020; 378:20190327. [PMID: 32981434 PMCID: PMC7536038 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The damage and injury that ground level ozone (O3) causes vegetation has become increasingly evident over the past half century with a large body of observational and experimental evidence demonstrating a variety of effects at ambient concentrations on crop, forest and grassland species and ecosystems. This paper explores the use of experimental data to develop exposure-response relationships for use in risk assessment studies. These studies have typically identified the USA mid-West, much of Europe, the Indo Gangetic Plain in South Asia and the Eastern coastal region of China as global regions where O3 is likely to threaten food supply and other ecosystems. Global risk assessment modelling estimates yield losses of staple crops between 3 to 16% causing economic losses of between US$14 to 26 billion in the year 2000. Changes in anthropogenic emissions of O3 precursors in recent decades have modified O3 concentration profiles (peaks versus background O3) and global distributions with the Northern Hemisphere seeing increases in O3 levels of between 1 and 5 ppb/decade since the 1950s and the emergence of Asia as the region with the highest O3 concentrations. In the future, O3 mitigation could focus on methane (CH4) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions; these will differentially influence global and local/regional O3 concentrations and influence daily and seasonal profiles. The consequent effects on vegetation will in part depend on how these changes in O3 profile alter the exceedance of detoxification thresholds for plant damage. Adaptation options may play an important role in enhancing food supply while mitigation strategies are being implemented. An improved understanding of the mechanisms by which O3 affects plants, and how this might influence detoxification thresholds and interactions with other environmental variables such as water stress and nutrients, would help develop O3 deposition and impact models to support the development of crop, land-surface exchange and ultimately earth system models for holistic assessments of global change. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Air quality, past present and future'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Emberson
- Environment and Geography Department, University of York, Environment Building, Heslington, York, North Yorkshire YO10 5NG, UK
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Shao Z, Zhang Y, Mu H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yang L. Ozone-induced reduction in rice yield is closely related to the response of spikelet density under ozone stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136560. [PMID: 31945520 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Six modern rice cultivars, including three indica and three japonica cultivars were exposed to 100 ppb ozone (8 h per day) and control conditions throughout cropping season in 2016 to 2017 at Yangzhou, China. Ozone decreased plant height and inhibited tillering development as well as panicle number per plant of all cultivars, but had no effect on the productive tiller ratio. Ozone significantly decreased spikelet number per panicle, spikelet number per plant, fully-filled grain percentage and fully-filled grain weight, resulting in yield decrease by 39.3% on average for all cultivars and by 42.6 and 34.4% in the indica and the japonica groups, respectively. The response of aboveground biomass to ozone was similar to that of yield, albeit with a lower decrease, which led to a 7.6% decrease in harvest index. In terms of grain positions (grains attached to the upper primary rachis: superior spikelet (SS); grains attached to the lower secondary rachis: inferior spikelet (IS), and the remaining grains: medium spikelet (MS)), the ozone-induced change in yield traits (yield, spikelet number per panicle, spikelet number per plant, fully-filled grain percentage, and empty grain percentage) followed the order IS > MS > SS, as indicated by the significant interaction between ozone and grain position. Although ozone had negative effects on all yield traits, only ozone-induced reduction in spikelet density (spikelet number per panicle and or spikelet number per plant) was significantly correlated to yield loss. Grain yield showed significant ozone by cultivar and ozone by year interactions, indicating ozone impacts on rice yield varied with meteorological conditions and cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaisheng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yanliu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Hairong Mu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Lianxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Zhao H, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Li T. Evaluating the effects of surface O 3 on three main food crops across China during 2015-2018. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113794. [PMID: 31864924 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to tackle China's severe air pollution issue, the government has released the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan" (known simply as the "Action Plan") since 2013. A recent study reported a decreased trend in PM2.5 concentrations over 2013-2017, but O3 pollution has become more serious. However, the effects of surface O3 on crops are unclear after the implementation of the "Action Plan". Here, we evaluated the potential negative effects of surface O3 on three main food crops (winter wheat, maize and rice) across China during 2015-2018 using nationwide O3 monitoring data and AOT40-yield response functions. Results suggested that mean O3 concentration, AOT40 and relative yield loss in China showed an overall upward trend from 2015 to 2018. During winter wheat, maize, single rice, double-early rice, and double-late rice growing seasons, mean O3 concentration in recent years ranged from 38.6 to 46.9 ppb, 40.2-43.9 ppb, 39.3-42.2 ppb, 33.8-40.0 ppb, and 35.9-39.1 ppb, respectively, and AOT40 mean values ranged from 8.5 to 14.3 ppm h, 10.5-13.4 ppm h, 9.8-11.9 ppm h, 5.2-9.2 ppm h, and 8.0-9.5 ppm h, respectively. O3-induced yield reductions were estimated to range from 20.1 to 33.3% for winter wheat, 5.0-6.3% for maize, 7.3-8.8% for single rice, 3.9-6.8% for double-early rice and 5.9-7.1% for double-late rice. O3-induced production losses for winter wheat, maize, single rice, double-early rice, and double-late rice totaled 39.5-88.2 million metric tons, 12.6-21.0 million metric tons, 9.5-11.3 million metric tons, 1.2-1.8 million metric tons, and 2.2-2.7 million metric tons, respectively, and the corresponding economic losses totaled 14.3-32.0 billion US$, 3.9-6.5 billion US$, 3.9-4.6 billion US$, 0.5-0.7 billion US$, and 0.9-1.1 billion US$, respectively. Our results suggested that the government should take effective measures to reduce O3 pollution and its effects on agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Youfei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- School of Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Agathokleous E, Belz RG, Calatayud V, De Marco A, Hoshika Y, Kitao M, Saitanis CJ, Sicard P, Paoletti E, Calabrese EJ. Predicting the effect of ozone on vegetation via linear non-threshold (LNT), threshold and hormetic dose-response models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:61-74. [PMID: 30172135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The nature of the dose-response relationship in the low dose zone and how this concept may be used by regulatory agencies for science-based policy guidance and risk assessment practices are addressed here by using the effects of surface ozone (O3) on plants as a key example for dynamic ecosystems sustainability. This paper evaluates the current use of the linear non-threshold (LNT) dose-response model for O3. The LNT model has been typically applied in limited field studies which measured damage from high exposures, and used to estimate responses to lower concentrations. This risk assessment strategy ignores the possibility of biological acclimation to low doses of stressor agents. The upregulation of adaptive responses by low O3 concentrations typically yields pleiotropic responses, with some induced endpoints displaying hormetic-like biphasic dose-response relationships. Such observations recognize the need for risk assessment flexibility depending upon the endpoints measured, background responses, as well as possible dose-time compensatory responses. Regulatory modeling strategies would be significantly improved by the adoption of the hormetic dose response as a formal/routine risk assessment option based on its substantial support within the literature, capacity to describe the entire dose-response continuum, documented explanatory dose-dependent mechanisms, and flexibility to default to a threshold feature when background responses preclude application of biphasic dose responses. CAPSULE The processes of ozone hazard and risk assessment can be enhanced by incorporating hormesis into their principles and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Forest Research and Management Organization, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8516, Japan; Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
| | - Regina G Belz
- University of Hohenheim, Agroecology Unit, Hans-Ruthenberg Institute, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Vicent Calatayud
- Instituto Universitario CEAM-UMH, Charles R. Darwin 14, Parc Tecnològic, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Alessandra De Marco
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment (ENEA), C.R. Casaccia, S. Maria di Galeria, Rome 00123, Italy.
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- National Council of Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy.
| | - Mitsutoshi Kitao
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Forest Research and Management Organization, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8516, Japan.
| | - Costas J Saitanis
- Lab of Ecology and Environmental Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, 260 route du Pin Montard, BP 234, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06904, France.
| | - Elena Paoletti
- National Council of Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Yang N, Wang X, Zheng F, Chen Y. The response of marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.) to ozone: impacts on plant growth and leaf physiology. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:151-164. [PMID: 27981402 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1750-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Progressively increasing ozone (O3) concentrations pose a potential threat to the value of marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.), a plant widely used in urban landscaping. The response of marigold to elevated O3 has been reported earlier, but the mechanisms underlying the O3 effect have not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we exposed marigold "Moonsong Deep Orange" plants to elevated O3, including ambient non-filtered air (NF) plus 60 ppb (NF+60) and 120 ppb (NF+120) O3, to assess visible injury and the possible physiological consequences of this pollutant. Yellow lesions appeared after 4 days under NF+120 treatment and 12 days under NF+60 treatment, with 85.6% and 36.8% of the leaves being injured at harvest time, respectively. Compared with NF, NF+60 inhibited leaf photosynthesis, stem-diameter growth, and biomass production significantly, while the parameters were decreased more by NF+120. Although the stomatal conductance decreased under elevated O3 exposure, the O3 flux into leaves increased by 28.0-104.8% under NF+60 treatment and 57.5-145.6% under NF+120 treatment. The total ascorbic acid (ASA) content increased due to elevated O3 exposure, while the reduced ASA content did not, resulting in a decreased ratio of reduced to total ASA. A lower level of jasmonic acid (JA) was observed under elevated O3 exposure. In conclusion, the impacts of elevated O3 on marigold plants may be ascribed to increased O3 flux into leaves and reduced protective capacity of leaves to convert oxidized to reduced ASA and synthesize endogenous JA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Region Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Region Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Feixiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Region Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Region Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Danh NT, Huy LN, Oanh NTK. Assessment of rice yield loss due to exposure to ozone pollution in Southern Vietnam. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 566-567:1069-1079. [PMID: 27265741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The study domain covered the Eastern region of Southern of Vietnam that includes Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and five other provinces. Rice production in the domain accounted for 13% of the national total with three crop cycles per year. We assessed ozone (O3) induced rice production loss in the domain for 2010 using simulated hourly surface O3 concentrations (WRF/CAMx; 4km resolution). Simulated O3 was higher in January-February (largely overlaps the first crop) and September-December (third crop), and lower in March-June (second crop). Spatially, O3 was higher in downwind locations of HCMC and were comparable with observed data. Relative yield loss (RYL) was assessed for each crop over the respective growing period (105days) using three metrics: AOT40, M7 and flux-based O3 dose of POD10. Higher RYL was estimated for the downwind of HCMC. Overall, the rice production loss due to O3 exposure in the study domain in 2010 was the highest for the first crop (up to 25,800metrictons), the second highest for the third crop (up to 21,500tons) and the least for the second crop (up to 6800tons). The low RYL obtained for the second crop by POD10 may be due to the use of a high threshold value (Y=10nmolm(-2)s(-1)). Linear regression between non-null radiation POD0 and POD10 had similar slopes for the first and third crop when POD0 was higher and very low slope for the second crop when POD0 was low. The results of this study can be used for the rice crop planning to avoid the period of potential high RYL due to O3 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngo Thanh Danh
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Lai Nguyen Huy
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
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Assis PILS, Alonso R, Meirelles ST, Moraes RM. DO3SE model applicability and O3 flux performance compared to AOT40 for an O3-sensitive tropical tree species (Psidium guajava L. 'Paluma'). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:10873-10881. [PMID: 25772875 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytotoxic ozone (O3) levels have been recorded in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP). Flux-based critical levels for O3 through stomata have been adopted for some northern hemisphere species, showing better accuracy than with accumulated ozone exposure above a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40). In Brazil, critical levels for vegetation protection against O3 adverse effects do not exist. The study aimed to investigate the applicability of O3 deposition model (Deposition of Ozone for Stomatal Exchange (DO3SE)) to an O3-sensitive tropical tree species (Psidium guajava L. 'Paluma') under the MRSP environmental conditions, which are very unstable, and to assess the performance of O3 flux and AOT40 in relation to O3-induced leaf injuries. Stomatal conductance (g s) parameterization for 'Paluma' was carried out and used to calculate different rate thresholds (from 0 to 5 nmol O3 m(-2) projected leaf area (PLA) s(-1)) for the phytotoxic ozone dose (POD). The model performance was assessed through the relationship between the measured and modeled g sto. Leaf injuries were analyzed and associated with POD and AOT40. The model performance was satisfactory and significant (R (2) = 0.56; P < 0.0001; root-mean-square error (RMSE) = 116). As already expected, high AOT40 values did not result in high POD values. Although high POD values do not always account for more injuries, POD0 showed better performance than did AOT40 and other different rate thresholds for POD. Further investigation is necessary to improve our model and also to check if there is a critical level of ozone in which leaf injuries arise. The conclusion is that the DO3SE model for 'Paluma' is applicable in the MRSP as well as in temperate regions and may contribute to future directives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro I L S Assis
- Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 3005, São Paulo, 01061-970, Brazil,
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Frei M. Breeding of ozone resistant rice: relevance, approaches and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 197:144-155. [PMID: 25528448 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone concentrations have been rising across Asia, and will continue to rise during the 21st century. Ozone affects rice yields through reductions in spikelet number, spikelet fertility, and grain size. Moreover, ozone leads to changes in rice grain and straw quality. Therefore the breeding of ozone tolerant rice varieties is warranted. The mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) using bi-parental populations identified several tolerance QTL mitigating symptom formation, grain yield losses, or the degradation of straw quality. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) demonstrated substantial natural genotypic variation in ozone tolerance in rice, and revealed that the genetic architecture of ozone tolerance in rice is dominated by multiple medium and small effect loci. Transgenic approaches targeting tolerance mechanisms such as antioxidant capacity are also discussed. It is concluded that the breeding of ozone tolerant rice can contribute substantially to the global food security, and is feasible using different breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Frei
- INRES Plant Nutrition, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Kinose Y, Azuchi F, Uehara Y, Kanomata T, Kobayashi A, Yamaguchi M, Izuta T. Modeling of stomatal conductance to estimate stomatal ozone uptake by Fagus crenata, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica var. crispula and Betula platyphylla. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 194:235-245. [PMID: 25150506 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To construct stomatal conductance models and estimate stomatal O3 uptake for Fagus crenata, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica var. crispula and Betula platyphylla, stomatal conductance (gs) was measured in seedlings of the four tree species. Better estimates of gs were made by incorporating the acute effects of O3 on gs into the models and the models could explain 34-52% of the variability in gs. Although the O3 concentration was relatively high in spring from April to May, COU of F. crenata, Q. serrata and Q. mongolica var. crispula were relatively low and the ratios of COU in spring to total COU in one year were 16.8% in all tree species because of low gs limited mainly by leaf pre-maturation and/or low temperature. The COU of B. platyphylla were relatively high mainly because of rapid leaf maturation and lower optimal temperature for stomatal opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kinose
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Fumika Azuchi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yui Uehara
- The Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kanomata
- The Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kobayashi
- The Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamaguchi
- The Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izuta
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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