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Fang C, Fang L, Di S, Yu Y, Wang X, Wang C, Jin Y. Characterization of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD)-induced cardiotoxicity in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163595. [PMID: 37094682 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is a type of p-phenylenediamine (PPD), which is widely used in the manufacture of rubber tires owing to its excellent antiozonant properties. In this study, the developmental cardiotoxicity of 6PPD was evaluated in zebrafish larvae, and the LC50 was approximately 737 μg/L for the larvae at 96 h post fertilization (hpf). In the 6PPD treatment of 100 μg/L, the accumulation concentrations of 6PPD were up to 2658 ng/g in zebrafish larvae, and 6PPD induced significant oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in the early developmental stages of zebrafish. Transcriptome analysis showed that 6PPD exposure could potentially cause cardiotoxicity in larval zebrafish by affecting the transcription of the genes related to the calcium signal pathway and cardiac muscle contraction. The genes related to calcium signaling pathway (slc8a2b, cacna1ab, cacna1da, and pln) were verified by qRT-PCR, which were significantly downregulated in larval zebrafish after exposing to 100 μg/L of 6PPD. Simultaneously, the mRNA levels of the genes related to cardiac functions (myl7, sox9, bmp10, and myh71) also respond accordingly. H&E staining and heart morphology investigation indicated that cardiac malformation occurred in zebrafish larvae exposed to 100 μg/L of 6PPD. Furthermore, the phenotypic observation of transgenic Tg (myl7: EGFP) zebrafish also confirmed that 100 μg/L of 6PPD exposure could change the distance of atria and ventricles of the heart and inhibit some key genes (cacnb3a, ATP2a1l, ryr1b) related to cardiac function in larval zebrafish. These results revealed the toxic effects of 6PPD on the cardiac system of zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanlin Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liya Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Yundong Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Wang K, Che W, Duan M, Wang C, Li X, He L. Effects of Broflanilide on Oxidative Stress and Expression of Apoptotic Genes in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Gill. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:91. [PMID: 37156957 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03733-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Broflanilide exerted negative impacts on the gill of zebrafish. Thus, in this study, zebrafish gill was used to assess the apoptosis toxicity of broflanilide by determining the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and apoptosis-related genes. The results found that the minimum threshold for the content and time of broflanilide affecting enzyme content and gene expression was 0.26 mg/L after 24 h exposure. After 96 h exposure, broflanilide could cause apoptosis and exerted significantly increased contents of ROS and MDA, while inhibiting the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx at 0.26 and 0.57 mg/L. Broflanilide also had adverse effects on apoptosis-related genes, such as tumor protein p53 (p53), associated × (Bax), B-cell lymphama-2 (Bcl-2), caspase-3, caspase-9, and apoptotic protease activating factor-1(apaf-1), at 0.26 mg/L and 0.57 mg/L after 96 h exposure, respectively. These results provide new insight into the potential toxicity mechanisms of broflanilide in zebrafish gills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Wunan Che
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Manman Duan
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuwei Li
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu He
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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3
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Accumulation, metabolites formation and elimination behavior of rac-glufosinate-ammonium and glufosinate-P in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Food Chem X 2022; 15:100383. [PMID: 36211745 PMCID: PMC9532730 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish samples were purified with diatomaceous earth, CH2Cl2 and Oasis PRiME HLB SPE column. The bioaccumulation of glufosinate in zebrafish is enantioselective. The accumulation of glufosinate-P in zebrafish was greater than that of rac-glufosinate. The elimination half-life of glufosinate in zebrafish is less than 2.3 d. NAG and MPP produced in fish was not over 4% of the parent culture concentration.
An efficient trace detection method for the determination of residues of the glufosinate enantiomers and metabolites in zebrafish by HPLC–Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry was developed. After the purification of dichloromethane and Oasis PRiME HLB SPE column, the recovery ranges from 77% to 104%, with RSD < 10.03%. The limits of quantitation in zebrafish were 0.006–0.02 mg/kg. The results revealed zebrafish absorbed glufosinate slowly, reaching a steady state in 10–14 days, and the bioaccumulation factor (BCF) of D/L-glufosinate-ammonium was less than 0.3. L-glufosinate-ammonium accumulated preferentially in zebrafish. The residue of the metabolite N-acetyl glutamate (NAG) was smaller than that of 3-methyl phosphonic acid (MPP). D/L-glufosinate-ammonium had an elimination half-life of less than 2.3 days during the elimination phase. The bioaccumulation and elimination behavior of glufosinate-ammonium in zebrafish aquatic system was shown in this work, which offered scientific data for assessing the food safety of rac-glufosinate-ammonium and glufosinate-P (pure L-glufosinate-ammonium) in fish.
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Inui H, Ito T, Miwa C, Haga Y, Kubo M, Itoh T, Yamamoto K, Miyaoka M, Mori T, Tsuzuki H, Mise S, Goto E, Matsumura C, Nakano T. Differences in Enantioselective Hydroxylation of 2,2',3,6-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB45) and 2,2',3,4',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (CB91) by Human and Rat CYP2B Subfamilies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10204-10215. [PMID: 35801261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were commercially banned half a century ago, contamination of the environment and organisms by PCBs is still observed. PCBs show high persistence and bioaccumulation, resulting in toxicity. Among PCBs, chiral PCBs with more than three chlorine atoms at the ortho-position exhibit developmental and neurodevelopmental toxicity. Because toxicity is dependent on the atropisomer, atropisomer-specific metabolism is vital in determining toxicity. However, structural information on enantioselective metabolism remains elusive. Cytochrome P450 (CYP, P450) monooxygenases, particularly human CYP2B6 and rat CYP2B1, metabolize separated atropisomers of 2,2',3,6-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB45) and 2,2',3,4',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB91) to dechlorinated and hydroxylated metabolites. Docking studies using human CYP2B6 predict 4'-hydroxy (OH)-CB45 from (aR)-CB45 as a major metabolite of CB45. Di-OH- and dechlorinated OH-metabolites from human CYP2B6 and rat CYP2B1 are also detected. Several hydroxylated metabolites are derived from CB91 by both P450s; 5-OH-CB91 is predicted as a major metabolite. CB91 dechlorination is also detected by identifying 3-OH-CB51. A stable conformation of PCBs in the substrate-binding cavity and close distance to P450 heme are responsible for high metabolizing activities. As hydroxylation and dechlorination change PCB toxicity, this approach helps understand the possible toxicity of chiral PCBs in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Inui
- Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Terushi Ito
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chiharu Miwa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Haga
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, 3-1-18 Yukihiracho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Itoh
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyaoka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Harunobu Tsuzuki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shintaro Mise
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Erika Goto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chisato Matsumura
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, 3-1-18 Yukihiracho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Research Center for Environmental Preservation, Osaka University, 2-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Ren B, Zhao T, Li Y, Liang H, Zhao Y, Chen H, Li L, Liang H. Enantioselective bioaccumulation and toxicity of the novel chiral antifungal agrochemical penthiopyrad in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:113010. [PMID: 34826729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides has been extensively used in agricultural production, which are not easily degrade in the environment and have various toxic effects on aquatic organisms. However, the toxic effects information to non-target organisms were mostly at the racemate level, which were poorly understood at the enantiomers level. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the enantioselective bioaccumulation behavior and toxic effects of penthiopyrad in zebrafish. Significant enantioselective bioaccumulation was observed when exposed to penthiopyrad at two dose levels: S-(+)-penthiopyrad was preferentially accumulated. Moreover, S-(+)-penthiopyrad caused oxidative stress in zebrafish liver. The results of real-time RT-PCR analyses revealed that exposure to penthiopyrad also enantioselectivity interfered with the expression of mitochondrial respiratory complexes, mtDNA synthesis, lipid metabolism and apoptosis-related genes. S-(+)-penthiopyrad significantly decreased most of the expression of the above gene, which showed higher toxic effects. We inferred that the toxicity mechanism of penthiopyrad was caused by lipid metabolism disorder and mitochondrial dysfunction in zebrafish, and further leads to apoptosis even DNA damage. This study provides more accurate data to investigate the environmental impact of penthiopyrad at the enantiomer level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Hanlin Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yuexing Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Haiyue Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
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6
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Chen X, Zheng J, Teng M, Zhang J, Qian L, Duan M, Zhao F, Zhao W, Wang Z, Wang C. Bioaccumulation, Metabolism and the Toxic Effects of Chlorfenapyr in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8110-8119. [PMID: 34270249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorfenapyr is widely used as an insecticide/miticide. Tralopyril, the active metabolite of chlorfenapyr, is used as an antifouling biocide in antifouling systems, and negatively affects aquatic environments. However, it is unclear whether tralopyril is a metabolite of chlorfenapyr in aquatic vertebrates, and there is little data on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of chlorfenapyr to aquatic vertebrates. In this study, the bioaccumulation and elimination of chlorfenapyr in zebrafish were assessed, and tralopyril, the active metabolite of chlorfenapyr, was determined. The effects of chronic exposure to chlorfenapyr on zebrafish liver and brain oxidative damage, apoptosis, immune response, and metabolome were investigated. These results showed that chlorfenapyr has a high bioaccumulation in zebrafish, with bioaccumulation factors of 864.6 and 1321.9 after exposure to 1.0 and 10 μg/L chlorfenapyr for 21 days, respectively. Chlorfenapyr at these concentrations also rapidly accumulated in zebrafish, reaching 615.5 and 10336 μg/kg on the second and third days of exposure, respectively. Chlorfenapyr was degraded to tralopyril in zebrafish; therefore, both chlorfenapyr and tralopyril should be considered when evaluating the risk of chlorfenapyr to aquatic organisms. In addition, chronic exposure caused oxidative damage, apoptosis, and immune disorders in zebrafish liver. Chronic exposure also altered the levels of endogenous metabolites in liver and brain. After 9 days of depuration, some indicators of oxidative damage, apoptosis, and immunity returned to normal levels, but the concentration of endogenous metabolites in zebrafish liver was still altered. Overall, these results provide useful information for evaluating the toxicity and environmental fate of chlorfenapyr in aquatic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Chen
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junyue Zheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Le Qian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Manman Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentian Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- The Institute of Plant Production, Jilin Academy of Agriculture Science, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Ren B, Jia B, Zhang X, Wang J, Li Y, Liang H, Liang H. Influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on enantioselective bioaccumulation and oxidative stress toxicity of indoxacarb in zebrafish(Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128872. [PMID: 33176913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely used in various fields with the rapid development of nanotechnology. Pesticides have an irreplaceable role in agricultural production, which leads to their massive utilization and their inevitably penetrate into the aquatic environment. However, limited information is available regarding the impact of CNTs on the toxicity and enrichment of chiral compounds to organisms. Using zebrafish as a model to study whether the enantioselective bioaccumulation and oxidative stress of chiral pollutants may be altered in the presence of MWCNTs. Significant enantioselective bioaccumulation was observed in zebrafish with the preferential accumulation of R-(-)-indoxacarb during the 28-day bioaccumulation. The combined exposure of MWCNTs does not affect the enantioselectivity of zebrafish bioaccumulation, but increase the bioaccumulation amount of R-(-)-indoxacarb by 65%. Moreover, the average degradation half-life of indoxacarb enantiomers was 1.30 days. The indoxacarb causes oxidative stress toxicity in zebrafish liver and exhibited enantioselectivity, while the addition of MWCNTs did not significantly change the enantioselectivity of oxidative stress toxicity of indoxacarb, but enhanced the toxicity 20% with increased MWCNTs concentrations. This study suggests that the risk of the co-presence of nanomaterials and chiral pesticides in aquatic environments should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Institute for Drug Control, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hanlin Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
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Qian L, Qi S, Wang Z, Magnuson JT, Volz DC, Schlenk D, Jiang J, Wang C. Environmentally relevant concentrations of boscalid exposure affects the neurobehavioral response of zebrafish by disrupting visual and nervous systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124083. [PMID: 33011634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Boscalid is a persistent fungicide that is frequently detected in surface waters and may be neurotoxic to aquatic organisms. Herein, we evaluated the effects of environmentally relevant boscalid concentrations to zebrafish to explore its potentially neurotoxic mechanisms of effect. Behavioral responses (swimming, phototaxis, and predation), histopathology, transcriptomics, biochemical parameter analysis and gene expression of larval and adult zebrafish following boscalid treatment were assessed. We found that boscalid significantly inhibited the locomotor ability and phototactic response of larvae after an 8-d exposure, and altered the locomotor activity, predation trajectories and ability in adults after a 21-d exposure. It was noted that predation rates of zebrafish were significantly decreased by 30% and 100% after exposure to 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L boscalid, respectively. Adverse alterations in the cell differentiation of eyes and brain injury were also observed in both larvae and adults following boscalid exposure. The expression of genes related to neurodevelopment, neurotransmission, eye development, and visual function, in conjunction with RNA-Seq results, indicated that boscalid may impair visual phototransduction and nervous system processes in larval zebrafish. Conclusively, boscalid exposure may affect the neurobehavioral response of zebrafish by impairing proper visual and nervous system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Qian
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - David C Volz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Jiazhen Jiang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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9
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Qian L, Qi S, Zhang J, Duan M, Schlenk D, Jiang J, Wang C. Exposure to Boscalid Induces Reproductive Toxicity of Zebrafish by Gender-Specific Alterations in Steroidogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14275-14287. [PMID: 33138376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Boscalid is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and is frequently detected in surface water. Due to the frequent detection of boscalid, we evaluated its impact on the reproduction of adult zebrafish following a 21 d exposure to 0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/L. Following exposure to boscalid, the fertility of female zebrafish and fertilization rate of spawning eggs were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner up to a respective 87% and 20% in the highest concentration. A significant 16% reduction in the percentage of late vitellogenic oocytes was noted in ovaries, and a significant 74% reduction in the percentage of spermatids in testis was also observed after treatment with 1.0 mg/L. 17β-Estradiol (E2) concentrations decreased significantly in females (34% decrease) but significantly increased in males (15% increase) following 1.0 mg/L boscalid treatment. The expression of genes (such as era, er2b, cyp19a, and cyp19b) related to the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad-liver (HPGL) axis was significantly altered and positively correlated with E2 concentrations in female and male zebrafish (p < 0.05). Molecular docking results revealed that the binding modes between boscalid and target proteins (ER and CYP19) of zebrafish were similar to that of the reference compounds and the target proteins. The binding energies indicate that boscalid may have a weak estrogen-like binding effect or CYP19 inhibition, potentially altering the HPGL axis, thereby reducing E2 concentrations and fecundity in females. In contrast, boscalid caused significant induction of E2 steroidogenesis and subsequent feminization of gonads in males, indicating gender-specific adverse outcome pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Qian
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Duan
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jiazhen Jiang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wang J, Jia B, Li Y, Ren B, Liang H, Yan D, Xie H, Zhang X, Liang H. Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the enantioselective toxicity of the chiral insecticide indoxacarb toward zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122724. [PMID: 32387829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The mass production and usage of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have led to the inevitable release into the environment, and the effects of CNTs on the toxicity of co-existing pollutants have been well documented. However, knowledge of the effects of CNTs on the enantioselective toxicity of chiral compounds is limited. Using zebrafish as an experimental model, the enantioselective expression of the apoptosis, CYP3C and EAAT-related genes were analyzed following exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (0.05 and 0.5 mg/L), rac-/R-/S-indoxacarb (0.01 mg/L), or the combination of rac-/R-/S-indoxacarb mixed with MWCNTs for 28d. Sex-specific differences were observed in both the liver and brain of zebrafish. The expression of apoptosis and CYP3C-related genes was 16.55-44.29 times higher in the livers of males treated with R-indoxacarb than in S-indoxacarb treated groups. The EAAT-related genes were expressed at 1.38-2.56 times higher levels in the brain of females treated with R-indoxacarb than in S-indoxacarb-treated groups. In the presence of MWCNTs, the expression of caspase-3, cyp3c3, cyp3c4, eaat1a, eaat1b and eaat2 in the livers of males and brains of females treated with S-indoxacarb were 1.65-15.33 times higher than in fish treated with R-indoxacarb. Based on these results, MWCNTs affected the enantioselective toxicity of indoxacarb toward zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Bo Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hanlin Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Dongyan Yan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Haiyan Xie
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Institute for Drug Control, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
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11
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Uwimana E, Cagle B, Yeung C, Li X, Patterson EV, Doorn JA, Lehmler HJ. Atropselective Oxidation of 2,2',3,3',4,6'-Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 132) to Hydroxylated Metabolites by Human Liver Microsomes and Its Implications for PCB 132 Neurotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2019; 171:406-420. [PMID: 31268529 PMCID: PMC6760323 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Several neurotoxic congeners display axial chirality and atropselectively affect cellular targets implicated in PCB neurotoxicity. Only limited information is available regarding the atropselective metabolism of these congeners in humans and their atropselective effects on neurotoxic outcomes. Here we investigate the hypothesis that the oxidation of 2,2',3,3',4,6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 132) by human liver microsomes (HLMs) and their effects on dopaminergic cells in culture are atropselective. Racemic PCB 132 was incubated with pooled or single donor HLMs, and levels and enantiomeric fractions of PCB 132 and its metabolites were determined gas chromatographically. The major metabolite was either 2,2',3,4,4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl-3'-ol (3'-140), a 1,2-shift product, or 2,2',3,3',4,6'-hexachlorobiphenyl-5'-ol (5'-132). The PCB 132 metabolite profiles displayed inter-individual differences and depended on the PCB 132 atropisomer. Computational studies suggested that 3'-140 is formed via a 3,4-arene oxide intermediate. The second eluting atropisomer of PCB 132, first eluting atropisomer of 3'-140, and second eluting atropisomer of 5'-132 were enriched in all HLM incubations. Enantiomeric fractions of the PCB 132 metabolites differed only slightly between the single donor HLM preparations investigated. Reactive oxygen species and levels of dopamine and its metabolites were not significantly altered after a 24 h exposure of dopaminergic cells to pure PCB 132 atropisomers. These findings suggest that there are inter-individual differences in the atropselective biotransformation of PCB 132 to its metabolites in humans; however, the resulting atropisomeric enrichment of PCB 132 is unlikely to affect neurotoxic outcomes associated with the endpoints investigated in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Uwimana
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology and Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brianna Cagle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Coby Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Xueshu Li
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology and Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Eric V Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jonathan A Doorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology and Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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12
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Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Asenuga ER, Abiola JO, Adedapo AA, Yakubu MA. Kolaviron attenuated arsenic acid induced-cardiorenal dysfunction via regulation of ROS, C-reactive proteins (CRP), cardiac troponin I (CTnI) and BCL2. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 8:396-409. [PMID: 29992111 PMCID: PMC6035312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic acid is one of the abundant environmental pollutants present in soil, water and the air. Undoubtedly, it has found its way to the food chain in which humans and animals are the final targets thereby causing arrays of disease conditions including cardiovascular and renal dysfunction. Hence, the use of phytochemicals present in medicinal plants has gained global acceptance as chemotherapeutic agents that can prevent, ameliorate, reverse or treat diseases. From our study, arsenic acid intoxication led to significant increase in heart rate (HR), QRS, together with prolonged QT and QTc interval. However, Kolaviron (KV) at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight reversed the aforementioned electrocardiographic (ECG) changes. KV pre-treatment also ameliorated cardiorenal dysfunction via significant reduction in cardiac and renal markers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide generation, myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide contents. Immunohistochemistry revealed expressions of renal C-reactive proteins (CRP) and expressions of anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 in KV treated rats. Furthermore, cardiac troponin I (CTnI) expressions were lower in KV treated rats. Taken together, KV mitigated arsenic-acid induced cardiovascular dysfunction via up-regulation of antioxidant defense system and down-regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - John Olusoji Abiola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, NSB303, Vascular Biology Unit, Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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He Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Liu X. Stereoselective bioaccumulation of chiral PCB 91 in earthworm and its metabolomic and lipidomic responses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:421-430. [PMID: 29587213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective bioaccumulation, elimination, metabolomic and lipidomic responses of earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 91 in an earthworm-soil system were investigated. Preferential bioaccumulation of (-)-PCB 91 and elimination of (+)-PCB 91 were observed following 50 and 500 μg/kgdwt exposures. Enantiomer fraction (EF) values decreased over time during the uptake and elimination periods. Metabolomics and lipidomics techniques based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) revealed significant changes in 108 metabolites after earthworms exposure to (+)-, (-)-, and (±)-PCB 91, compared to control groups. Forty two of these metabolites were identified as amino acids, nucleosides, fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, vitamins or others. Lysophospholipids including six lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), six lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), eight lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and five lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) were also differentially expressed between exposure and control groups. Alterations in the levels of metabolites and lipids indicated stereoselective effects of chiral PCB 91 on earthworm amino acid, energy, and nucleotide metabolism, neurodevelopment and gene expression. Overall, the effects of (+)-PCB 91 were more pronounced than that of (-)- and (±)-PCB 91.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeying He
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100015, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
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14
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Chai T, Cui F, Song Y, Ye L, Li T, Qiu J, Liu X. Enantioselective Toxicity in Adult Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Induced by Chiral PCB91 through Multiple Pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5448-5458. [PMID: 29641891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to further investigate the toxic mechanism of chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 91 in adult zebrafish ( Danio rerio) exposed to racemic (rac-), (+)-, or (-)-PCB91 for 63 days. The enantioselective mortalities of adult zebrafish exposed to rac-/(+)-/(-)-PCB91 were 95.86, 50.08, and 81.50%, respectively. Tubular necrosis and cellular hypertrophy occurred in the kidneys of (-)-PCB91-treated groups, whereas demyelination and immune cell infiltration occurred in brains of the rac-, (+)-, and (-)-PCB91-treated groups. Additionally, exposure to chiral PCB91 enantioselectively induced neurotoxicity, apoptosis, and inflammation in brain tissues owing to perturbations of gene expression, protein content and sphingolipid levels. The high mortality after rac-/(+)-PCB91 exposure might be due to toxic effects on brain tissue, while the high mortality after (-)-PCB91 exposure might be due to toxic effects on kidney as well as brain tissues. Thus, our findings offer an important reference for elucidating the enantioselective toxicological mechanism of chiral PCBs in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chai
- Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science , Zhejiang A & F University , Lin'an , Zhejiang 311300 , P.R. China
| | - Feng Cui
- Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science , Zhejiang A & F University , Lin'an , Zhejiang 311300 , P.R. China
| | - Yue Song
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Linlin Ye
- Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science , Zhejiang A & F University , Lin'an , Zhejiang 311300 , P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science , Zhejiang A & F University , Lin'an , Zhejiang 311300 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Xingquan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science , Zhejiang A & F University , Lin'an , Zhejiang 311300 , P.R. China
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15
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Cui F, Chai T, Qian L, Wang C. Effects of three diamides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide) on life history, embryonic development and oxidative stress biomarkers of Daphnia magna. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 169:107-116. [PMID: 27870931 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The diamides have become one of the most promising new classes of insecticides. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of three diamides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide) to Daphnia magna. The acute toxicity test showed that the 48-h EC50 of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide were 8.5, 23.9 and 63.5 μg/L, respectively. Biochemical measurements revealed a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in D. magna after acute exposure to the three diamides. A significant decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was observed, which was consistent with the down-regulated transcription of antioxidant genes sod and gpx. Catalase (CAT) activity exhibited a significant increase while the related gene cat showed no obvious change in daphnids acutely exposed to the three diamides. The chronic test revealed that the three diamides could cause lethal and sub-lethal effects on daphnids within constricted range of concentrations at μg/L level. The 21-d EC50 of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide for mobility were 5.0, 13.6 and 36.8 μg/L, respectively. The chronic LOEC of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide based on survival, growth and reproduction of D. magna were 4.05, 10.24 and 19.36 μg/L, respectively. Moreover, these three diamides can induce severe developmental abnormalities in D. magna embryos including underdeveloped second antennae, curved tail spine and abnormal body region after acute exposure and the 48-h EC50 were 6.2, 14.1 and 30.8 μg/L for chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide respectively. Our findings indicate that even low levels of diamides can pose ecological risks to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cui
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Chai
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Qian
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Chai T, Cui F, Yin Z, Yang Y, Qiu J, Wang C. Chiral PCB 91 and 149 Toxicity Testing in Embryo and Larvae (Danio rerio): Application of Targeted Metabolomics via UPLC-MS/MS. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33481. [PMID: 27629264 PMCID: PMC5024159 DOI: 10.1038/srep33481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the dysfunction of zebrafish embryos and larvae induced by rac-/(+)-/(-)- PCB91 and rac-/(-)-/(+)- PCB149. UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry) was employed to perform targeted metabolomics analysis, including the quantification of 22 amino acids and the semi-quantitation of 22 other metabolites. Stereoselective changes in target metabolites were observed in embryos and larvae after exposure to chiral PCB91 and PCB149, respectively. In addition, statistical analyses, including PCA and PLS-DA, combined with targeted metabolomics were conducted to identify the characteristic metabolites and the affected pathways. Most of the unique metabolites in embryos and larvae after PCB91/149 exposure were amino acids, and the affected pathways for zebrafish in the developmental stage were metabolic pathways. The stereoselective effects of PCB91/149 on the metabolic pathways of zebrafish embryos and larvae suggest that chiral PCB91/149 exposure has stereoselective toxicity on the developmental stages of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chai
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Cui
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yin
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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