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Jiao S, Hou X, Kong W, Zhao G, Feng Y, Zhang S, Zhang H, Liu J, Jiang G. Ryegrass uptake behavior and forage risk assessment after exposing to soil with combined polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173385. [PMID: 38796010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Internalization of chemicals and the forage risks of ryegrass under the combined exposure to PAHs and Cd at environmental concentrations were studied here. The effect of soil pH was also concerned due to the widely occurred soil acidification and general alkali remediation for acidification soil. Unexpectedly, as same as the acid-treated group (pH 6.77), the alkali-treatment (pH 8.83) increased Cd uptake compared with original soil pH group (pH 7.92) for the reason of CdOH+ and CdHCO3+ formed in alkali-treated group. Co-exposure to PAHs induced more oxidative stress than Cd exposure alone due to PAHs aggregated in young root regions, such as root tips, and consequently, affecting the expression of Cd-transporters, destroying the basic structure of plant cells, inhibiting the energy supply for the transporters, even triggering programmed cell death, and finally resulting in decreased Cd uptake. Even under environmental concentrations, combined exposure caused potential risks derived from both PAHs and Cd. Especially, ryegrass grown in alkali-treated soil experienced an increased forage risks despite the soil meeting the national standards for Cd at safe levels. These comprehensive results reveal the mechanism of PAHs inhibiting Cd uptake, improve the understanding of bioavailability of Cd based on different forms, provide a theoretical basis to formulate the safety criteria, and guide the application of actual soil management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingwang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ganghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Guo S, Wei C, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. The distribution and retained amount of benzo[a]pyrene at the micro-zones of mangrove leaf cuticles: Results from a novel analytical method. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117589. [PMID: 34426385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant leaf cuticles play a critical role in the accumulation and transport of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The relationship between the distribution and retained amount of PAHs on the leaf cuticles and the leaves micro-zone structures is still unclear. In this study, a confocal microscopic fluorescence spectral analysis (CMFSA) system with a spatial resolution of 200 nm was established as a direct and noninvasive means to determine the microscopic distribution and quantify the retained amount of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) at Aegiceras corniculatum (Ac), Kandelia obovata (Ko) and Avicennia marina (Am) leaf cuticle micro-zones (0.096 mm2). The linear ranges for the established method were 10-1900 ng spot-1 for Ac, 15-1700 ng spot-1 for Ko and 30-1800 ng spot-1 for Am, and the detection limits were 0.06 ng spot-1 for Ac, 0.06 ng spot-1 for Ko and 0.07 ng spot-1 for Am. Notably, B[a]P formed clusters and unevenly distributed at the leaf cuticles. On the adaxial cuticles, B[a]P was mainly accumulated unevenly along the epidermis cell wall, and it was also distinctively distributed in the secretory cells around salt glands for Ac and Am. On the abaxial leaf cuticles, B[a]P was concentrated in the salt glands and stomata apart from being unevenly distributed in the epidermis cell wall. Moreover, the amount of B[a]P retained presented a negative correlation with the polarity of leaf cuticles, which resulted in the amount of B[a]P retained on the adaxial leaf cuticles being significantly higher than that on abaxial leaf cuticles. Our results provide a potential in situ method for investigating the distribution and retained amount of PAHs at plant leaf surface micro-zones, which would contribute to further studying and understanding the mechanism of migration and transformation of PAHs by plant leaves from a microscopic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chaoxian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Wei C, Ren P, Cen Q, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Simultaneous determination of dissolved phenanthrene and its metabolites by derivative synchronous fluorescence spectrometry with double scans method in aqueous solution. Talanta 2019; 195:339-344. [PMID: 30625553 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive derivative synchronous fluorescence spectrometry with double scans (DS-DSFS) method was developed for simultaneous determination of dissolved Phenanthrene (Phe) and its metabolites 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2NA) and salicylic acid (SA) in aqueous solution. The value of 69 nm was selected as the optimal Δλ conditions for Phe and 1H2NA, and the Δλ value of 55 nm was selected for SA. The overlapping fluorescence emission spectra of Phe, 1H2NA and SA were resolved by DS-DSFS. The signals detected at wavelength of 296 nm for Phe, 352 nm for 1H2NA and 307 nm for SA vary linearly when the concentrations in the range of 4.0-1.0 × 103 μg L-1, 4.0-1.2 × 103 μg L-1 and 4.0-8.0 × 102 μg L-1, respectively. The detection limits were 0.08, 0.07 and 0.88 μg L-1 for Phe, 1H2NA and SA, with the relatively standard deviations less than 5.0%. The established method was successfully applied in the determination of Phe and the metabolites during the biodegradation of dissolved Phe in the lab. It was evidenced that the method has potential for the in situ investigation of PAH biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Pei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Qiulin Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China.
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