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Soleimani Z, Haghshenas R, Farzi Y, Taherkhani A, Shokri Varniab Z, Naserinjad M, Abedinjad P, Salehyan S, Maeiyat A, Gorgani F, Mirzaei S, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Naddafi K, Yunesian M, Mesdaghina A, Farzadfar F. Reference values for metal(loid)s concentrations in the urine samples of healthy Iranian adults: Results from the first nationally representative human biomonitoring study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127424. [PMID: 38507981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study measured the concentrations of arsenic (As), aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) in the urine samples of the Iranian adult population. METHODS This nationally representative study was conducted on 490 participants in six provinces of Iran who were selected based on the clustering method. Participants included healthy Iranian adults aged above 25 years without a history of illness and non-smokers. Fasting urine sampling, body composition, and demographic measurements were performed for each participant. Urine samples were analyzed by acid digesting method using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The analysis included descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression using Python programming language. RESULTS The geometrical mean (with corresponding reference values, µg/l) concentrations of metal(loid)s in urine for women, men, and both were 198.2 (625.3), 163.5 (486.1), and 192.5(570.4) for Al, 15.6(51.7), 28.8(71.1), and 21.9 (61.64) for As, 18.5(55.2), 20.7(56.5), and 19.22(55.75) for Pb, 17.9(57.6), 17.9 (53.9), and 17.9(56) for Ni, 13.95(47.5), 20.3(62.2) and 16(51.6) for Cr, 3.5(12.2), 2.9(11.5), and 3.3(12) for Hg, 0.74(2.7), 0.95 (3.6), and 0.81(3.1) for Cd. There was a direct relationship between the concentration of metal(loid)s and demographic indicators and body composition (P<0.05). Moreover, there was a direct relationship between the concentration of As, Cr, Hg, Ni, and Pb with age and wealth index (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The concentrations found could be used as the reference range for As, Al, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, and Pb for human biomonitoring studies on the Iranian adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Soleimani
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rosa Haghshenas
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Farzi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Taherkhani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shokri Varniab
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Naserinjad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Abedinjad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samet Salehyan
- Health and Work Environment Group, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abdullah Maeiyat
- Environmental Health Group, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gorgani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saham Mirzaei
- Institute of methodologies for Environmetal Analysis, Italian National Research Council, 85050 Potenza, Italy
| | - Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghina
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang Y, Zou B, Zuo X, Zou H, Zhang B, Tian R, Feng H. A remote sensing analysis method for soil heavy metal pollution sources at site scale considering source-sink relationships. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174021. [PMID: 38897476 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Conventional methods for identifying soil heavy metal (HM) pollution sources are limited to area scale, failing to accurately pinpoint sources at specific sites due to the spatial heterogeneity of HMs in mining areas. Furthermore, these methods primarily focus on existing solid waste polluted dumps, defined as "direct pollution sources", while neglecting existing HM pollution hotspots generated by historical anthropogenic activities (e.g., mineral development, industrial discharges), defined as "potential pollution sources". Addressing this gap, a novel remote sensing analysis method is proposed to identify both direct and potential pollution sources at site scale, considering source-sink relationships. Direct pollution sources are extracted using a supervised classification algorithm on high-resolution multispectral imagery. Potential pollution sources depend on the spatial distribution of HM pollution, mapped using a machine learning model with hyperspectral imagery. Additionally, a source identification algorithm is developed for gridded pollution source analysis. Validated through a case study in a cadmium (Cd)-polluted mine area, the proposed method successfully extracted 21 solid waste polluted dumps with an overall accuracy approaching 90 % and a Kappa coefficient of 0.80. Simultaneously, 4167 HM pollution hotspots were identified, achieving optimal inversion accuracy for Cd (Rv2 = 0.91, RMSEv = 4.27, and RPDv = 3.02). Notably, the spatial distribution patterns of these identified sources exhibited a high degree of similarity. Further analysis employing the identification algorithm indicated that 3 polluted dumps and 258 pollution hotspots were pollution sources for a selected high-value point of Cd content. This innovative method provides a valuable methodological reference for precise prevention and control of soil HM pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bin Zou
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Xuegang Zuo
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haijing Zou
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Rongcai Tian
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huihui Feng
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Feng Z, Chen W, Meng Y, Lu H, Shi X, Zhang J. Spatial variability and source analysis of soil heavy metals: A case study of the key planting area of special agricultural products in Cangxi County, China. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303387. [PMID: 38728351 PMCID: PMC11086846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in farmland soil represents a considerable risk to ecosystems and human health, constituting a global concern. Focusing on a key area for the cultivation of special agricultural products in Cangxi County, we collected 228 surface soil samples. We analyzed the concentration, spatial distribution, and pollution levels of six heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Hg) in the soil. Moreover, we investigated the sources and contribution rates of these heavy metals using Principal Component Analysis/Absolute Principal Component Scores (PCA/APCS) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) models. Our findings indicate that none of the six metals exceeded the pollution thresholds for farmland soils. However, the mean concentrations of Cr and Ni surpassed the background levels of Sichuan Province. A moderate spatial correlation existed between Pb and Ni, attributable to both natural and anthropogenic factors, whereas Zn, Cu, Hg, and Cr displayed a strong spatial correlation, mainly due to natural factors. The spatial patterns of Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni were similar, with higher concentrations in the northern and eastern regions and lower concentrations centrally. Hg's spatial distribution differed, exhibiting a broader range of lower values. The single pollution index evaluation showed that Cr and Ni were low pollution, and the other elements were no pollution. The average value of comprehensive pollution index is 0.994, and the degree of pollution is close to light pollution. Predominantly, higher pollution levels in the northern and eastern regions, lower around reservoirs. The PCA/APCS model identified two main pollution sources: agricultural traffic mixed source (65.2%) and natural parent source (17.2%). The PMF model delineated three sources: agricultural activities (32.59%), transportation (30.64%), and natural parent sources (36.77%). Comparatively, the PMF model proved more accurate and reliable, yielding findings more aligned with the study area's actual conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Feng
- College of Geography and Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Wende Chen
- College of Geography and Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Yichen Meng
- College of Geography and Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixia Lu
- College of Geography and Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Shi
- College of Geography and Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- College of Geography and Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
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Liu H, Ma J, Taj R, Xu M, Lou F, Liu W, Xu Y, Xu J, Xu Y, Liu D. Quantitative assessment of ecological risk from pollution source based on geostatistical analysis and APCS-MLR model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34953-34961. [PMID: 38714620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
The safety of human health and agricultural production depends on the quality of farmland soil. Risk assessment of heavy metal pollution sources could effectively reduce the hazard of soil pollution from various sources. This study has identified and quantitatively analyzed pollution sources with geostatistical analysis and the APCS-MLR model. The potential ecological risk index was combined with the APCS-MLR model which has quantitatively calculated the source contribution. The results revealed that As, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu were enriched in soil. Geostatistical analysis and the APCS-MLR model have apportioned four pollution sources. The Mn and Ni were attributed to natural sources; As and Cr were from agricultural activities; Cu and Zn were originated from natural sources; Cd and Pb were derived from atmospheric deposition. Atmospheric deposition and agricultural activities were the largest contributors to ecological risk of heavy metals in soil, which accounted for 56.21% and 36.01% respectively. Atmospheric deposition and agricultural activities are classified as priority sources of pollution. The combination of source analysis receptor model and risk assessment is an effective method to quantify source contribution. This study has quantified the ecological risks of soil heavy metals from different sources, which will provide a reliable method for the identification of primary harmfulness sources of pollution for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Raheela Taj
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Meizhen Xu
- Chengbang Ecoenvironment Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Lou
- Chengbang Ecoenvironment Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaonan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou Y, Ding D, Zhao Y, Li Q, Jiang D, Lv Z, Wei J, Zhang S, Deng S. Determining priority control toxic metal for different protection targets based on source-oriented ecological and human health risk assessment around gold smelting area. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133782. [PMID: 38387175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Determining the priority control source and pollutant is the key for the eco-health protection and risk management around gold smelting area. To this end, a case study was conducted to explore the pollution characteristics, source apportionment, ecological risk and human health risk of toxic metals (TMs) in agricultural soils surrounding a gold smelting enterprise. Three effective receptor models, including positive matrix factorization model (PMF), ecological risk assessment (ERA), and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) have been combined to apportion eco-human risks for different targets. More than 95.0% of samples had a Nemerow pollution index (NPI) > 2 (NPImean=4.27), indicating moderately or highly soil TMs contamination. Four pollution sources including gold smelting activity, mining source, agricultural activity and atmosphere deposition were identified as the major sources, with the contribution rate of 17.52%, 44.16%, 13.91%, and 24.41%, respectively. For ecological risk, atmosphere deposition accounting for 30.8% was the greatest contributor, which was mainly loaded on Hg of 51.35%. The probabilistic health risk assessment revealed that Carcinogenic risks and Non-carcinogenic risks of all population were unacceptable, and children suffered from a greater health risk than adults. Gold smelting activity (69.2%) and mining source (42.0%) were the largest contributors to Carcinogenic risks and Non-carcinogenic risks, respectively, corresponding to As and Cr as the target pollutants. The priority pollution sources and target pollutants were different for the eco-health protection. This work put forward a new perspective for soil risk control and management, which is very beneficial for appropriate soil remediation under limited resources and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Da Ding
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Qun Li
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Dengdeng Jiang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zhengyong Lv
- NJSOIL Ecology & Environmental Co, Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Shengtian Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
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Li M, Yao J, Wang Y, Sunahara G, Duran R, Liu J, Liu B, Liu H, Ma B, Li H, Pang W, Cao Y. Contrasting response strategies of sulfate-reducing bacteria in a microbial consortium to As 3+ stress under anaerobic and aerobic environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133052. [PMID: 38056257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The sulfate-reducing efficiency of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is strongly influenced by the presence of oxygen, but little is known about the oxygen tolerance mechanism of SRB and the effect of oxygen on the metalliferous immobilization by SRB. The performance evaluation, identification of bioprecipitates, and microbial and metabolic process analyses were used here to investigate the As3+ immobilization mechanisms and survival strategies of the SRB1 consortium under different oxygen-containing environments. Results indicated that the sulfate reduction efficiency was significantly decreased under aerobic (47.37%) compared with anaerobic conditions (66.72%). SEM analysis showed that under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, the morphologies of mineral particles were different, whereas XRD and XPS analyses showed that the most of As3+ bioprecipitates under both conditions were arsenic minerals such as AsS and As4S4. The abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Desulfovibrio, and Thiomonas anaerobic bacteria were significantly higher under anaerobic than aerobic conditions, whereas the aerobic Pseudomonas showed an opposite trend. Network analysis revealed that Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with Pseudomonas. Metabolic process analysis confirmed that under aerobic conditions the SRB1 consortium generated additional extracellular polymeric substances (rich in functionalities such as Fe-O, SO, CO, and -OH) and the anti-oxidative enzyme superoxide dismutase to resist As3+ stress and oxygen toxicity. New insights are provided here into the oxygen tolerance and detoxification mechanism of SRB and provide a basis for the future remediation of heavy metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yating Wang
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Robert Duran
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS, 5254 Pau, France
| | - Jianli Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS, 5254 Pau, France
| | - Houquan Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Li
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wancheng Pang
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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Zhang S, Gao W, Xie L, Zhang G, Wei Z, Li J, Song C, Chang M. Malonic acid shapes bacterial community dynamics in compost to promote carbon sequestration and humic substance synthesis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141092. [PMID: 38169202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of malonic acid (MA) into compost as a regulator of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle has the potential to increase carbon sequestration. However, the influence of MA on the transformation of the microbial community during the composting process remains unclear. In this investigation, MA was introduced at different stages of chicken manure (CM) composting to characterize the bacterial community within the compost using high-throughput sequencing. We assess the extent of increased carbon sequestration by comparing the concentration of total organic carbon (TOC). At the same time, this study examines whether increased carbon sequestration contributes to humus formation, which was elucidated by evaluating the content and composition of humus. Our results show that the addition of MA significantly improved carbon sequestration within the compost, reducing the carbon loss rate (C loss (%)) from 64.70% to 52.94%, while increasing HS content and stability. High throughput sequencing and Random Forest (RF) analysis show that the introduction of MA leads to a reduction in the diversity of the bacterial communities, but enhanced the ability of bacterial communities to synthesize humus. Furthermore, the addition of MA favors the proliferation of Firmicutes. Also, the hub of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) within the community co-occurrence network shifts from Proteobacteria to Firmicutes. Remarkably, our study finds a significant decrease in negative correlations between bacteria, potentially mitigating substrate consumption due to negative interactions such as competition. This phenomenon contributes to the improved retention of TOC in the compost. This research provides new insights into the mechanisms by which MA regulates bacterial communities in compost, and provides a valuable theoretical basis for the adoption of this innovative composting strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wenfang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Lina Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Jie Li
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Caihong Song
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Mingkai Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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Zhang H, Li Y, Li R, Wu W, Abdelrahman H, Wang J, Al-Solaimani SG, Antoniadis V, Rinklebe J, Lee SS, Shaheen SM, Zhang Z. Mitigation of the mobilization and accumulation of toxic metal(loid)s in ryegrass using sodium sulfide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168387. [PMID: 37952661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of soils contaminated with toxic metal(loid)s (TMs) and mitigation of the associated ecological and human health risks are of great concern. Sodium sulfide (Na2S) can be used as an amendment for the immobilization of TMs in contaminated soils; however, the effects of Na2S on the leachability, bioavailability, and uptake of TMs in highly-contaminated soils under field conditions have not been investigated yet. This is the first field-scale research study investigating the effect of Na2S application on soils with Hg, Pb and Cu contents 70-to-7000-fold higher than background values and also polluted with As, Cd, Ni, and Zn. An ex situ remediation project including soil replacement, immobilization with Na2S, and safe landfilling was conducted at Daiziying and Anle (China) with soils contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn. Notably, Na2S application significantly lowered the sulfuric-nitric acid leachable TMs below the limits defined by Chinese regulations. There was also a significant reduction in the DTPA-extractable TMs in the two studied sites up to 85.9 % for Hg, 71.4 % for Cu, 71.9 % for Pb, 48.1 % for Cd, 37.1 % for Zn, 34.3 % for Ni, and 15.7 % for As compared to the untreated controls. Moreover, Na2S treatment decreased the shoot TM contents in the last harvest to levels lower than the TM regulation limits concerning fodder crops, and decreased the TM root-to-shoot translocation, compared to the untreated control sites. We conclude that Na2S has great potential to remediate soils heavily tainted with TMs and mitigate the associated ecological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - You Li
- Key laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Weilong Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Hamada Abdelrahman
- Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550082 Guiyang, PR China
| | - Samir G Al-Solaimani
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Guan TX, Lu ZP, Yue M, Li BG, Fu AG, Zhang XD, Li ZH. Accumulation of livestock manure-derived heavy metals in the Hexi Corridor oasis agricultural alkaline soil and bioavailability to Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) after 4-year continuous application. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122969. [PMID: 37989408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Hexi Corridor is one of the most important base of vegetable producing areas in China. Livestock manure (LM) applied to agricultural field could lead to soil heavy metal (HM) pollution. Previous studies have focused on HM pollution following LM application in acidic polluted soils; however, fewer studies have been conducted in alkaline unpolluted soils. A 4-year field vegetable production experiment was conducted using pig manure (PM) and chicken manure (CM) at five application rates (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 t ha-1) to elucidate potential risks of HMs in an alkaline unpolluted soil in the Hexi Corridor oasis agricultural area and HM uptake by Chinese cabbage. The results showed that LM application caused a significant build-up of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ni content in topsoil by 30.6-99.7%, 11.4-51.7%, 1.4-31.3%, 5.6-44.9%, 14%-40.8%, respectively. The Cd, Cu, Zn could potentially exceed the soil threshold in next 8-65 years after 15-60 t ha-1 LM application. Under LM treatment, the soil DTPA-extractable Cu, Zn, Fe, the acid-extractable fraction of Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, Ni, and the Oxidable fraction of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni significantly increased, but the DTPA-extractable Pb, Cd, the acid-extractable fraction of Pb, and the reducible fraction of Cd significantly decreased. Cu and Zn could migrate to the deeper soil and relatively increase in DTPA-extracted Cu, Zn were found in 20-40 cm soil depth after LM application. The pH and SOM could influence the bioavailability of HMs in soil. The bioaccumulation factor and transfer factor (TF) values were <1 except Mn (TF > 1). HMs in leaf did not approach the threshold for HM toxicity due to the "dilution effect". Recommend the type of manure was the PM and the annual PM application rate was 30 t ha-1 to ensure a 20-year period of clean production in alkaline unpolluted Fluvo-aqiuc vegetable soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xia Guan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China
| | - Zhao-Ping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Bao-Guo Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ai-Gen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhong-Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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10
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Cao Z, Guan M, Lin X, Zhang W, Xu P, Chen M, Zheng X. Spatial and variety distributions, risk assessment, and prediction model for heavy metals in rice grains in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7298-7311. [PMID: 38157175 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, 6229 brown rice grains from three major rice-producing regions were collected to investigate the spatial and variety distributions of heavy metals in rice grains in China. The potential sources of heavy metals in rice grains were identified using the Pearson correlation matrix and principal component analysis, and the health risks of dietary exposure to heavy metals via rice consumption were assessed using the hazard index (HI) and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) method, respectively. Moreover, 48 paired soil and rice samples from 11 cities were collected to construct a predicting model for Cd accumulation in rice grains using the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. The results indicated that Cd and Ni were the main heavy metal pollutants in rice grains in China, with approximately 10% of samples exceeding their corresponding maximum allowable limits. The Yangtze River basin had heavier pollution of heavy metals than the Southeast Coastal Region and Northeast Plain, and the indica rice varieties had higher heavy metal accumulation abilities compared with the japonica rice. The Cu, Pb, and Cd mainly originated from anthropogenic sources, while As, Hg, Cr, and Ni originated from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The mean HI and TCR values of dietary exposure to heavy metals via rice consumption ranged from 2.92 to 4.31 and 9.74 × 10-3 to 1.44 × 10-2, respectively, much higher than the acceptable range, and As and Ni were the main contributor to the HI and TCR for Chinese adults and children, respectively. The available Si (ASi), total Cd (TCd), available Mo (AMo), and available S (AS) were the main soil factors determining grain Cd accumulation. A multiple linear stepwise regression model was constructed based on ASi, TCd, AMo, and AS in soils with good accuracy and precision, which could be applied to predict Cd accumulation in rice grains and guide safe rice production in contaminated paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Cao
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Meiyan Guan
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wanyue Zhang
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Mingxue Chen
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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11
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Liu X, Peng C, Zhou Z, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Xiao X. Impacts of land use/cover and slope on the spatial distribution and ecological risk of trace metals in soils affected by smelting emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 196:53. [PMID: 38110584 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The soil contamination around smelting sites shows high spatial heterogeneity. This study investigated the impacts of distance, land use/cover types, land slopes, wind direction, and soil properties on the distribution and ecological risk of trace metals in the soil around a copper smelter. The results demonstrated that the average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were 248.0, 16.8, 502.4, 885.6, and 250.2 g mg kg-1, respectively, higher than their background values. The hotspots of trace metals were primarily distributed in the soil of smelting production areas, runoff pollution areas, and areas in the dominant wind direction. The concentrations of trace metals decreased with the distance to the smelting production area. An exponential decay regression revealed that, depending on the metal species, the influence distances of smelting emissions on trace metals in soil ranged from 450 to 1000 m. Land use/cover types and land slopes significantly affected trace element concentrations in the soil around the smelter. High concentrations of trace metals were observed in farmland, grassland, and flatland areas. The average concentrations of trace metals in the soil decreased in the order of flat land > gentle slope > steep slope. Soil pH values were significantly positively correlated with Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As, and SOM was significantly positively correlated with Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soil. Trace metals in the soil of the study area posed a significant ecological risk. The primary factors influencing the distribution of ecological risk, as determined by the Ctree analysis, were land slope, soil pH, and distance to the source. These results can support the rapid identification of high-risk sites and facilitate risk prevention and control around smelting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Ziruo Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhichao Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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12
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Han L, Fan Y, Chen R, Zhai Y, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Li R, Xia L. Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Mining Soils Based on Fractions: A Case Study in Southern Shaanxi, China. TOXICS 2023; 11:997. [PMID: 38133398 PMCID: PMC10748273 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
With rapid economic development, soil heavy metal (HM) pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern. Because the toxicity of HMs differs dramatically among various fractions, risk assessments based on these fractions are of great significance for environmental management. This study employed a modified Hakanson index approach to evaluate the possible ecological impacts of soil HMs in a gold mine tailings pond in Shaanxi Province, China. A modified Hakanson-Monte Carlo model was built to perform a probabilistic risk assessment. The results showed that: (1) the exceedance rates of chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn) were 68.75% and 93.75%, respectively. Moreover, the overall concentrations of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) were higher than the background soil environmental values in China. (2) HMs with the lowest oxidizable fraction were mostly present in the residual fraction. The oxidizable portions of Cr, Cu, and Pb and the reducible and residual fractions of As were notably distinct. (3) The risk degrees of Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn were low; those of As and Pb were very high and moderate; and the comprehensive ecological hazard index was very high. This study offers a solid scientific foundation for ecological risk notification and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Han
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yamin Fan
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China;
| | - Yunmeng Zhai
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhao Liu
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Risheng Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group, Xi’an 710075, China; (R.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Longfei Xia
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group, Xi’an 710075, China; (R.L.); (L.X.)
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13
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Chen Z, Imran M, Jing G, Wang W, Huang B, Li Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lu Q, Zhang Z, Antoniadis V, Shaheen SM, Bolan N, Rinklebe J. Toxic elements pollution risk as affected by various input sources in soils of greenhouses, kiwifruit orchards, cereal fields, and forest/grassland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122639. [PMID: 37778487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing food demand has led to more intensive farming, which threatens our ecosystem and human health due to toxic elements accumulation. This study aimed to estimate the vulnerability of different agricultural systems with unequal high fertilizer input practices regarding toxic element pollution in the greenhouse, kiwifruit orchard, cereal field, and forest/grassland. Soil samples were collected from 181 sites across Shaanxi Province, China, and analyzed for selected characteristics and toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn). The contamination factor (CFx) represents the ratio of the measured value of the toxic element in the soil over the soil background values. The CFx values of all the toxic elements were above background values, while Cd and Hg contamination levels were more severe than those of Zn, Cu, As, Cr, and Pb. Kiwifruit orchards and greenhouse soils were contaminated with Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn, but cereal fields and forest/grassland soils were contaminated with As, Cd, Hg, and Hg. Overall, the cumulative pollution load (PLI) of toxic elements indicated moderate contamination. The cumulative ecological risk (RI) results indicated that greenhouse (178.81) and forest/grassland (156.25) soils were at moderate ecological risks, whereas kiwifruit orchards (120.97) and cereal field (139.72) soils were at low ecological risks. According to a Pearson correlation analysis, Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn were substantially linked with soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), and total potassium (TK). The primary sources of toxic elements were phosphate and potash fertilizers, manure, composts, and pesticides in a greenhouse, kiwifruit orchards, and cereal fields, whereas, in forest/grassland soils parent material and atmospheric deposition were the sources identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF). Furthermore, the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) demonstrated that agriculture inputs largely influenced toxic elements accumulation. We conclude that high fertilizer inputs in greenhouse soils should be considered carefully so that toxic element pollution may be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Guanghua Jing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Weixi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yingmei Li
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yizhe Yang
- Shaanxi Province Cultivated Land Quality and Agricultural Environment Protection Workstation, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Qiangqiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource &Biotech Application, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China; Xi 'an Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
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14
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Chen D, Yang S, Jiang Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Tian H. Spatial distribution, ecological risk and health risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soil from Ankang basin, Shaanxi Province. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22580. [PMID: 38046143 PMCID: PMC10687698 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to assess the heavy metal pollution features, ecological dangers, and health risk status posed to human beings by soils in the Ankang Basin, a study was conducted. This involved the collection of 38 surface soil samples, followed by the determination of elemental levels of arsenic, mercury, copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel, and zinc. The concentrations of arsenic, mercury, copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel, and zinc were quantified through the collection of 38 surface soil samples. The data obtained from the study was subjected to analysis and evaluation utilizing various academic methodologies, including the geo-accumulation index method, potential ecological risk assessment method, human health risk assessment model, and Monte Carlo simulation method. The findings indicated that the concentrations of the eight heavy metals in the soil above the background levels, with only Cadmium (Cd) marginally surpassing the threshold set for controlling soil pollution risks. The ground accumulation index revealed a higher degree of soil pollution with mercury, cadmium, copper, and zinc components. According to the possible ecological risk index, the presence of mercury and cadmium elements poses significant ecological hazards. The geographical distribution analysis suggests that these risks mostly stem from the combined impacts of human activities and the topographical and geomorphological characteristics of the river valley. The findings of the human health risk assessment indicated that the non-carcinogenic risk fell within acceptable limits. Additionally, it was observed that the carcinogenic risk associated with arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and nickel was comparatively greater for children as compared to adults. The results of the Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the non-carcinogenic hazards have a negligible effect on human health. However, it was seen that arsenic and nickel have a greater likelihood of presenting a substantial carcinogenic risk to humans, particularly in relation to the pediatric population, hence exerting a more pronounced impact on their health. In general, it is observed that conventional deterministic risk assessments tend to overstate the potential health risks associated with a given situation. Conversely, the utilization of Monte Carlo simulations has been found to effectively mitigate uncertainties in health risk assessments. It has been observed that children exhibit a higher vulnerability to both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health impacts resulting from exposure to heavy metals present in soil, in comparison to adults. It is recommended that residents prioritize the surveillance of soil heavy metals in relation to potential impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daokun Chen
- Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710100 China
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001 China
| | - Shengfei Yang
- Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710100 China
| | - Zhiyang Jiang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001 China
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710100 China
| | - Zhanbin Wang
- Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710100 China
| | - Hui Tian
- Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710100 China
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15
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Sun Y, Yang J, Li K, Gong J, Gao J, Wang Z, Cai Y, Zhao K, Hu S, Fu Y, Duan Z, Lin L. Differentiating environmental scenarios to establish geochemical baseline values for heavy metals in soil: A case study of Hainan Island, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165634. [PMID: 37474065 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal distributions exhibit regional heterogeneity due to the complex characteristics of parent materials and soil formation processes, emphasizing the need for appropriate regional standards prior to assessing soil risks. This study focuses on Hainan Island and employs the Multi-purpose Regional Geochemical Survey dataset to establish heavy metal geochemical baseline and background values for soil using an iterative method. Geographical detector analysis reveals that parent materials are the primary factor influencing heavy metal distribution, followed by soil types and land use. Heavy metal geochemical baseline values are established for the island's three environments and administrative regions. Notably, a universal geochemical baseline value cannot adequately represent regional variations in heavy metal distribution, with parent materials playing a crucial role in various scenarios. Locally applicable values based on parent material are the most representative for Hainan Island. This study provides a reference framework for developing region-specific environmental baseline values for soil heavy metal assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China; UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, PR China; Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China.
| | - Kai Li
- Radiation Environmental Monitoring Center of GDNGB, Guangzhou 510800, PR China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Jianweng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Zhenliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China.
| | - Yongwen Cai
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Keqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China.
| | - Shuqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Yangang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Zhuang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Lujun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, PR China
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16
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Yang H, Li R, Li J, Guo Y, Gao T, Guo D, Zhang Q. Changes of heavy metal concentrations in farmland soils affected by non-ferrous metal smelting in China: A meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122442. [PMID: 37634567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Long-term human smelting activities have resulted in substantial heavy metals (HMs) pollution of farmland soils around smelting sites, and the safety of farmland products is critical for human health. The current study focuses on HMs in farmland soils surrounding a single smelter, therefore the impact of smelting on a national scale needs to be investigated further. This study was based on 116 papers and 1143 sets of relevant data for meta-analysis, and a hierarchical mixed-effects model was used to quantify the changes of HMs concentrations in farmland soils affected by non-ferrous metal smelting on a national scale, as well as their relationships with relevant explanatory variables in China. Results showed that: (i) non-ferrous metal smelting substantially increased farmland soils HMs concentrations (323%), with each HM concentration increasing in the following order: Cd (2753%) > Pb (562%) > Hg (455%) > Zn (228%) > Cu (158%) > As (107%) > Ni (52%); (ii) the highest increase of HMs in vegetable fields (361%), but not significant in comparison to other farmland categories, and the increase of Pb, Zn, Cu and As concentrations were significantly different in different types of smelting areas; (iii) the increase of Hg was significantly higher in the northern region than in the southern region, and the opposite increase of Cu; (iv) the soil depth from 0 to 40 cm was significantly affected by smelting, and the increase of multiple HMs were significantly positively correlated with soil pH and negatively correlated with distance; (v) the other explanatory variables (farmland category and soil organic matter) were not significantly related to the effect of smelting. The results can provide some reference for protecting and restoring farmland soils around smelting areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiXin Yang
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - RongRong Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - JiaSheng Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - YuRu Guo
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - TianShu Gao
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - DongGang Guo
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - QuanXi Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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17
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Han B, Yang F, Shen S, Mu M, Zhang K. Effects of soil habitat changes on antibiotic resistance genes and related microbiomes in paddy fields. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165109. [PMID: 37385504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The changes of paddy soil habitat profoundly affect the structure and function of soil microorganisms, but how this process drives the growth and spread of manure- derived antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) after entering the soil is unclear. Herein, this study explored the environmental fate and behavior of various ARGs in the paddy soil during rice growth period. Results showed that most ARG abundances in flooded soil was lower than that in non-flooded soil during rice growth (decreased by 33.4 %). And soil dry-wet alternation altered microbial community structure in paddy field (P < 0.05), showing that Actinobacteria and Firmicutes increased in proportion under non-flooded conditions, and Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria evolved into the dominant groups in flooded soil. Meanwhile, the correlation between ARGs and bacterial communities was stronger than that with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in both flooded and non-flooded paddy soils. Furthermore, soil properties, especially oxidation reduction potential (ORP), were proved to be an essential factor in regulating the variability of ARGs in the whole rice growth stage by structural equation model, with a direct influence (λ = 0.38, P < 0.05), following by similar effects of bacterial communities and MGEs (λ = 0.36, P < 0.05; λ = 0.29, P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that soil dry-wet alternation effectively reduced the proliferation and dissemination of most ARGs in paddy fields, providing a novel agronomic measure for pollution control of antibiotic resistance in farmland ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjun Han
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shizhou Shen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China; Dali, Yunnan, Agro-Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Dali, China
| | - Meirui Mu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China; Dali, Yunnan, Agro-Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Dali, China.
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18
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Laishram RJ, Singh TB, Alam W. A comprehensive health risk assessment associated with bioaccumulation of heavy metals and nutrients in selected macrophytes of Loktak Lake, Manipur, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105329-105352. [PMID: 37713085 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The Loktak Lake, a Ramsar site in Northeast India, is known for its rich biodiversity that includes a variety of macrophyte species, most of which have not been studied for their phytoremediation capacities and potential toxicity via consumption of the edible species. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment was conducted to evaluate the accumulation of selected heavy metals and nutrients in 10 dominant macrophyte species growing in Loktak Lake and to assess the potential health risks associated with consumption of the edible plants. The concentrations of nutrients such as total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and heavy metals such as copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) were found to be in the order of plant > sediment > water. The bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) revealed high efficiency of most plants to accumulate heavy metals and nutrients in their tissues from the lake water and sediments, indicating their potential to be used as phytoremediators. Translocation factors (TFs) were also estimated to determine the efficiency of the plants to translocate elements from root to shoot. Colocasia esculenta and Polygonum perfoliatum exhibited the highest BAF values, whereas Colocasia esculenta, Hedychium flavum, Phragmites karka, and Oenanthe javanica exhibited the highest TF values for most elements. Target hazard quotients (THQs) revealed potential health risks associated with one or more heavy metals in the plants, except for Zn, whose THQ values were below the level of concern in all the edible plant species. The hazard index (HI) signifying potential non-carcinogenic health risk from the combined effects of all the heavy metals was highest for Polygonum perfoliatum, indicating a potentially higher risk to health if this edible macrophyte is regularly consumed in higher quantities and may pose long-term health effects to the exposed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranu Jajo Laishram
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Manipur University (A Central University), Canchipur, Indo-Myanmar Road, Imphal, 795003, Manipur, India
| | - Tensubam Basanta Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region (ICAR RC NEH), Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, Manipur, India
| | - Wazir Alam
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Manipur University (A Central University), Canchipur, Indo-Myanmar Road, Imphal, 795003, Manipur, India.
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19
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Xie L, Li P, Mu D. Spatial distribution, source apportionment and potential ecological risk assessment of trace metals in surface soils in the upstream region of the Guanzhong Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116527. [PMID: 37394166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The health of ecosystems and safety of agricultural products are correlated with trace metal pollutionin in the soil, which eventually affects mankind. For this research, topsoil (0-20 cm) was sampled from 51 locations in the upstream area of the Guanzhong Basin to determine the level of pollution, spatial distribution characteristics and origins of 15 trace metals (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Cd, Pb). The pollution index and potential ecological risk index were adopted for the accurate analyses of contamination degree and ecological risk that trace elements cause. The identification of potential sources of trace metals pollution was carried out using the APCS-MLR model and multivariate statistical analysis. Findings demonstrated that the most contaminated elements in the topsoil of the designated areas were Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb, and the average levels of all trace metal elements exceeded their respective local background values. However, most of the sampling points showed slight pollution, and a few demonstrated moderate and severe pollution. The southern, south-western and eastern parts in the research zone were relatively seriously contaminated, especially near Baoji City and Wugong County. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Se were mainly caused by combination of agricultural and industrial production, the primary sources of Mn, Y, and Zr were the process of mining and industrial production, Cd and Pb originated mainly from traffic emission and agricultural pollution, and Cr mainly came from mining and metal smelting processes. Meanwhlie, some unknown pollution sources were also disclosed. This study has a reliable reference value for determining the source of trace metals in this region. To further determine the pollution sources of trace elements, long-term monitoring and management is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Xie
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiyue Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Dawei Mu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
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20
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Wang Z, Lu X, Yu B, Yang Y, Wang L, Lei K. Ascertaining priority control pollution sources and target pollutants in toxic metal risk management of a medium-sized industrial city. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 887:164022. [PMID: 37172841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Re-suspended surface dust (RSD) often poses higher environmental risks due to its specific physical characteristics. To ascertain the priority pollution sources and pollutants for the risk control of toxic metals (TMs) in RSD of medium-sized industrial cities, this study took Baotou City, a representative medium-sized industrial city in North China, as an example to systematically study TMs pollution in RSD. The levels of Cr (242.6 mg kg-1), Pb (65.7 mg kg-1), Co (54.0 mg kg-1), Ba (1032.4 mg kg-1), Cu (31.8 mg kg-1), Zn (81.7 mg kg-1), and Mn (593.8 mg kg-1) in Baotou RSD exceeded their soil background values. Co and Cr exhibited significant enrichment in 94.0 % and 49.4 % of samples, respectively. The comprehensive pollution of TMs in Baotou RSD was very high, mainly caused by Co and Cr. The main sources of TMs in the study area were industrial emissions, construction, and traffic activities, accounting for 32.5, 25.9, and 41.6 % of the total TMs respectively. The overall ecological risk in the study area was low, but 21.5 % of samples exhibited moderate or higher risk. The carcinogenic risks of TMs in the RSD to local residents and their non-carcinogenic risks to children cannot be ignored. Industrial and construction sources were priority pollution sources for eco-health risks, with Cr and Co being the target TMs. The south, north and west of the study area were the priority control areas for TMs pollution. The probabilistic risk assessment method combining of Monte Carlo simulation and source analysis can effectively identify the priority pollution sources and pollutants. These findings provide scientific basis for TMs pollution control in Baotou and constitute a reference for environmental management and protection of residents' health in other similar medium-sized industrial cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenze Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yufan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kai Lei
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China
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21
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Zhang C, Cai X, Xia Z, Jin X, Wu H. Contamination characteristics of heavy metals in a small-scale tanning area of southern China and their source analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:5655-5668. [PMID: 33015724 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tanning industry has been identified as a significant source of heavy metals; however, heavy metals contamination in farmland soil due to small-scale tanning activities remains unstudied. Here, samples from topsoil, profile soil, water and sediments in the vicinity of a small-scale tanning area in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, were collected to explore the contamination characteristics and source apportionment of Cd, Cr, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn. The results show that the farmland soil was mainly contaminated by Cr and its content was 33.40-3830.00 mg kg-1. The highest level of Cr, Cd and Hg was above their thresholds, while the average contents of Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg exceeded the corresponding background levels. Moreover, enrichment of Cr in soil profiles and stream sediments were also observed, whose concentrations varied from 11.50 to 2590.00 mg kg-1 and 738.00 to 11,200.00 mg kg-1, respectively. Concentrations of Cr in top soils and soil profiles from farmland surrounding the stream were significantly higher than those from other areas, and the soils surrounding the stream were moderately to heavily polluted. The multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the heavy metals originated from traffic (Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg, and Pb), agriculture (Cr and Cd) and nature (As). Source apportionment with PMF model results showed that the relative contribution rates of heavy metals by traffic, tanning, agriculture, other industrial activities and natural sources were 16.00%, 18.88%, 20.88%, 22.04% and 22.20%, respectively. These findings indicate that small-scale tanning activities could also lead to heavy metal accumulation in the surrounding environment, which requires decision-makers to pay more attention and to develop effective remediation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolan Zhang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xianquan Cai
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhilin Xia
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiaodan Jin
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Guangxi, Nanning, 530022, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Guangxi, Nanning, 530022, China.
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22
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Anh NN. Attribution of sources to heavy metal accumulation in the anthropogenically impacted Bach Dang River Estuary, Vietnam. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115244. [PMID: 37421915 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, concentrations of 10 heavy metals (Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb) were determined in superficial sediments from 20 sites within the Bach Dang Estuary, Vietnam. An integrated approach including correlation analysis, principal components analysis and positive matrix factorization was successfully applied to identify possible sources of these heavy metals. The results of this study identified four sources of the heavy metals, namely: natural geogenic, mixed anthropogenic, marine transportation and antifouling paint related sources, contributing 34.33 %, 14.80 %, 23.02 % and 27.86 % to the total metal concentrations, respectively. From an environmental impact perspective, these findings could provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of sediment metal pollution. Accordingly, the use of more environmental friendly antifouling paints should be encouraged to minimize metal accumulation in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ngoc Anh
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources (IMER), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 246 Dang Nang Street, Haiphong City, Viet Nam.
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23
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Banerjee S, Ghosh S, Jha S, Kumar S, Mondal G, Sarkar D, Datta R, Mukherjee A, Bhattacharyya P. Assessing pollution and health risks from chromite mine tailings contaminated soils in India by employing synergistic statistical approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163228. [PMID: 37019224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in the agricultural soil can generate a detrimental effect on the ecosystem and poses a threat to human health. The present work evaluates the PTEs concentration, source identification, probabilistic assessment of health hazards, and dietary risk analysis due to PTEs pollution in the region of the chromite-asbestos mine, India. To evaluate the health risks associated with PTEs in soil, soil tailings and rice grains were collected and studied. The results revealed that the PTEs concentration (mainly Cr and Ni) of total, DTPA-bioavailable, and rice grain was significantly above the permissible limit in site 1 (tailings) and site 2 (contaminated) as compared with site 3 (uncontaminated). The Free ion activity model (FIAM) was applied to detect the solubility of PTEs in polluted soil and their probable transfer from soil to rice grain. The hazard quotient values were significantly higher than the safe (FIAM-HQ < 0.5) for Cr (1.50E+00), Ni (1.32E+00), and, Pb (5.55E+00) except for Cd (1.43E-03), Cu (5.82E-02). Severity adjustment margin of exposure (SAMOE) results denote that the PTEs contaminated raw rice grain has high health risk [CrSAMOE: 0.001; NiSAMOE: 0.002; CdSAMOE: 0.007; PbSAMOE: 0.008] for humans except for Cu. The Positive matrix factorization (PMF) along with correlation used to apportion the source. Self-organizing map (SOM) and PMF analysis identified the source of pollution mainly from mines in this region. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) revealed that TCR (total carcinogenic risk) cannot be insignificant and children were the maximum sufferers relative to adults via ingestion-pathway. In the spatial distribution map, the region nearer to mine is highly prone to ecological risk with respect to PTEs pollution. Based on appropriate and reasonable evaluation methods, this work will help environmental scientists and policymakers' control PTEs pollution in agricultural soils near the vicinity of mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Banerjee
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India
| | - Saibal Ghosh
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India
| | - Sonam Jha
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India
| | - Gourav Mondal
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India
| | - Dibyendu Sarkar
- Stevens Institute of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Ocean Engineering, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Rupali Datta
- Department of Biological Science, Michigan Technological University, MI, USA
| | - Abhishek Mukherjee
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India.
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24
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Ong MC, Yong JC, Shaari H, Joseph B, Shazili NAM, Pradit S, Adiana G. The application of chemometrics in metals source of identification in Brunei Bay surface sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:3777-3787. [PMID: 36574138 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01456-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Brunei Bay is a unique ecosystem which offers a vast biodiversity. This study was carried out to define the source of metals in the surface sediment of Brunei Bay to ensure the bay's health. The secondary data were analysed using chemometrics analysis to verify the possible factors that influence metals distribution in Brunei Bay sediment. Samples were collected several times during 2013 to 2014 using Ponar grab at 16 stations within the bay. Samples were then dried, pre-treated, digested and analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) in the laboratory. Overall, the mean concentration of metal, sediment pH and clay fraction were significantly changed during different sampling periods, as the changes were presumed affected by seasonal changes. The Pearson correlation has pointed that metals were dominantly derived by natural input; however, the total organic carbon was proven to be derived by anthropogenic sources. Moreover, the principal component analysis has verified that the distribution of metals in the bay's sediment was dominantly influenced by natural processes. However, the utilization and manipulation of marine resources are slightly affecting the bay's ecosystem which may deteriorate the ecosystem health soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chuan Ong
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology (OPEC) Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jaw Chuen Yong
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology (OPEC) Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hasrizal Shaari
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Bidai Joseph
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology (OPEC) Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azhar Mohamed Shazili
- Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Siriporn Pradit
- Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Prince of Songkla University, 5th Floor, Academic Building, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Ghazali Adiana
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology (OPEC) Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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25
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Yang L, Ge S, Liu J, Iqbal Y, Jiang Y, Sun R, Ruan X, Wang Y. Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s Contamination in Topsoil around a Lead and Zinc Smelter in Henan Province, Central China. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050427. [PMID: 37235242 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A total of 137 farmland soil samples were collected around a lead/zinc smelter within 64 km2. The concentration, spatial distribution, and potential source of nine heavy metal(oid)s (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in soils and their potential ecological risk were investigated in detail. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr and Zn in these soils were higher than their background value in Henan Province, and the average content of Cd was 2.83 times of the risk screening values in the national standard of China (GB 15618-2018). According to the distribution of different heavy metal(oid)s in soils, Cd and Pb in soil decrease gradually with the increase of distance from the smelter to the surrounding area. This indicates that the Pb and Cd originate from smelters via airborne practices according to the typical air pollution diffusion model. The distribution of Zn, Cu, and As were similar to Cd and Pb. However, Ni, V, Cr, and Co were mainly affected by soil parent materials. The potential ecological risk of Cd was higher than those of other elements, and the risk grade of the other eight elements was mainly low. The polluted soils with significantly high and high potential ecological risk covered 93.84% of all the studied regions. This should be of serious concern to government. The results of a principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) show that Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, and As were the elements mainly stemmed from smelter and other types of plants, with a contribution rate of 60.08%, while Co, Cr, Ni, and V are mainly caused by nature, with a contribution rate of 26.26%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shiji Ge
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Younas Iqbal
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Ruiling Sun
- Puyang Branch of Municipal Bureau of Ecological Environment, Puyang 457100, China
| | - Xinling Ruan
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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26
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Navaretnam R, Soong AC, Goo AQ, Isa NM, Aris AZ, Haris H, Looi LJ. Human health risks associated with metals in paddy plant (Oryza sativa) based on target hazard quotient and target cancer risk. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2309-2327. [PMID: 35947312 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paddy plants (Oryza sativa) contaminated with metals could be detrimental to human health if the concentrations of metals exceed the permissible limit. Thus, this study aims to assess the risk of the concentrations of As, Se, Cu, Cr, Co, and Ni and their distributions in various parts (roots, stems, leaves, and grains) of paddy plants collected from Sekinchan, Malaysia. Both soil and plant samples were digested according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Method 3050B and the metal concentrations were determined by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The highest mean translocation factor (TF) was from soil to roots (TF roots/soil ranged from 0.12 to 6.15) and the lowest was from leaves to grain (TF grain/leaves ranged from 0.06 to 0.87). Meanwhile, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for all metals was less than 1.0 indicating that paddy plants only absorb metals from the soil but do not accumulate in the grains. The average daily intake for As (1.15 ± 0.25 µg/kg/day) has exceeded the limit proposed by ATSDR and IRIS USEPA (0.30 µg/kg/day). Target cancer risk (TR) of 1.10 × 10-3 for As through rice consumption indicates that the potential cancer risk exists in one out of 1000 exposed individuals. The results from this study could serve as a reference for researchers and policymakers to monitor and formulate strategies in managing As and other metals in paddy plants, especially in Southeast Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raneesha Navaretnam
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ai Cheng Soong
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - An Qi Goo
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorain Mohd Isa
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Hazzeman Haris
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ley Juen Looi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Luo Y, Wang Z, Zhang ZL, Zhang JQ, Zeng QP, Tian D, Li C, Huang FY, Chen S, Chen L. Contamination characteristics and source analysis of potentially toxic elements in dustfall-soil-crop systems near non-ferrous mining areas of Yunnan, southwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163575. [PMID: 37075998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the dustfall-soil-crop system pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and agricultural production. However, there is still a knowledge gap in terms of better understanding the distinctive sources of PTEs by integrating various models and technologies. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the concentrations, distribution, and sources of seven PTEs in a dustfall-soil-crop system (424 samples in total) near a typical non-ferrous mining area, using absolute principal component score/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microscopy techniques. Our results showed that the mean values of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the soils were 211, 14, 105, 91, 65, 232, and 325 mg/kg, respectively. These values were significantly higher than the background soil values in Yunnan. Except for Ni and Cr, all elements in the soil were significantly higher than the screening values of agricultural lands in China. The spatial distribution of PTE concentrations was similar among the three media. The ACPS/MLR, XRD, and microscopy analyses further indicated that soil PTEs mainly originated from industrial activities (37 %), vehicle emissions and agricultural activities (29 %), respectively. Dustfall PTEs mainly originated from vehicle emissions and industrial activities, accounting for 40 % and 37 %, respectively. Crop PTEs mainly originated from vehicle emissions and soil (57 %), and agricultural activities (11 %), respectively. PTEs seriously threaten the safety of agricultural products and the ecological environment once they settle from the atmosphere to soil and crop leaves, further accumulate in crops, and spread through the food chain. Therefore, our study provides scientific evidence for government regulators to control PTE pollution and reduce their environmental risks in dustfall-soil-crop systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Zhen-Long Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Zeng
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Duan Tian
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Feng-Yu Huang
- School of Environment and Resources, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 615000, China
| | - Shu Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Ma J, Lanwang K, Liao S, Zhong B, Chen Z, Ye Z, Liu D. Source Apportionment and Model Applicability of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil Based on Three Receptor Models. TOXICS 2023; 11:265. [PMID: 36977030 PMCID: PMC10054124 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of the source of heavy metal pollution and its quantification are the prerequisite of soil pollution control. The APCS-MLR, UNMIX and PMF models were employed to apportion pollution sources of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni of the farmland soil in the vicinity of an abandoned iron and steel plant. The sources, contribution rates and applicability of the models were evaluated. The potential ecological risk index revealed greatest ecological risk from Cd. The results of source apportionment illustrated that the APCS-MLR and UNMIX models could verify each other for accurate allocation of pollution sources. The industrial sources were the main sources of pollution (32.41~38.42%), followed by agricultural sources (29.35~31.65%) and traffic emission sources (21.03~21.51%); and the smallest proportion was from natural sources of pollution (11.2~14.42%). The PMF model was easily affected by outliers and its fitting degree was not ideal, leading to be unable to get more accurate results of source analysis. The combination of multiple models could effectively improve the accuracy of pollution source analysis of soil heavy metals. These results provide some scientific basis for further remediation of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Kaining Lanwang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Shiyan Liao
- Department of Applied Engineering, Gandong University, Fuzhou 344000, China
| | - Bin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Hangzhou Zhonglan Shunong Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China
- Jingning Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Zhengqian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China
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Zhou H, Chen Y, Yue X, Ren D, Liu Y, Yang K. Identification and hazard analysis of heavy metal sources in agricultural soils in ancient mining areas: A quantitative method based on the receptor model and risk assessment . JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130528. [PMID: 37055956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Industry in ancient mining areas caused significant heavy metal pollution (HMP) in agricultural soils. This study measured the hazards of specific sources of heavy metals (HMs) in an ancient mining areas agricultural soil. Firstly, we identified the major pollution sources based on the PMF model. Then, the proposed single-factor pollution load index (SPLIzone) and ecological load index (SELIzone) analyzed the integrated pollution and ecological risks of various elements. Finally, the source-specific soil contamination levels and ecological risks were quantified by combining the source assignment and single-factor assessment processes. SPLIzone and SELIzone showed that Cu and Cd were the most contaminated elements. Five factors were determined as the major sources of HMs, including mining, natural, smelting industry, agricultural and traffic sources. The mining sources contributed the most soil contamination (33.73%). However, the largest contributor to ecological risk was the smelting industrial (42.18%). Lower soil contamination may contain higher ecological risk. Smelting industrial and traffic are the most critical sources that need to be controlled at present. This study proposes a quantitative method for assessing the hazards of HM sources, which provides a beneficial reference for the study and management of HMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemei Yue
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Dajun Ren
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanzhong Liu
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Ke Yang
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
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30
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Juang KW, Chu LJ, Syu CH, Chen BC. Coupling phytotoxicity and human health risk assessment to refine the soil quality standard for As in farmlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38212-38225. [PMID: 36580243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a field experiment was conducted to investigate arsenic (As) concentrations in soils and in grains of 15 rice varieties in a contaminated site in Taiwan. The studied site was divided into two experimental units, namely plot A and plot B. The results showed that mean total As concentrations were 70.94 and 61.80 mg kg-1 in plot A and plot B, respectively, and thus greater than or approximate to the soil quality standard for total As in Taiwan (60 mg kg-1). The As levels in rhizosphere soil in plot A (19.71-32.33 mg kg-1) were much higher than in plot B (6.41-8.60 mg kg-1); however, As accumulation in brown rice did not significantly differ between the plots. These results implied that a significant variation in the bioconcentration factor (BCF) value of As existed among different rice genotypes, and a negative correlation was observed between BCF value and rhizosphere As level in the soil. In phytotoxicity, the median values of the ecological risk indicator were 104.85 and 103.89 in plot A and plot B, respectively, indicating considerable risk. In human health risk assessment, the median and 97.5%-tile values for cancer risk for both male and female residents were markedly higher than the acceptable risk (1 × 10-4). Furthermore, non-cancer and cancer risks were higher for males than females, mainly due to the greater rice ingestion rate of males. Sensitivity analysis showed that total As concentration in soil was the main factor affecting health risks, suggesting that priority should be given to the reduction of soil As levels. To better manage the phytotoxicity of As on rice, as well as the health risk to residents resulting from exposure to As-contaminated soils, the soil quality standard for As in farmland soils should be set between 5 and 10 mg kg-1. The methodology developed in this study could also be applied to provide the basis for refining and revising the soil quality standard for heavy metals in farmland in other regions and countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Juang
- Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jia Chu
- Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Natural Biotechnology, Nanhua University, 622 No. 55, Sec. 1, Nanhua Rd., Dalin Township, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Syu
- Agricultural Chemistry Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Ching Chen
- Department of Natural Biotechnology, Nanhua University, 622 No. 55, Sec. 1, Nanhua Rd., Dalin Township, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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31
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Guo G, Wang Y, Zhang D, Li K, Lei M. Human health risk apportionment from potential sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils and associated uncertainty analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:881-897. [PMID: 35348989 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating heavy metal pollution level in the soils and apportioning the source-specific health risk of heavy metals are critical for proposing environmental protection and remediation strategies to protection human health. This study explored heavy metal pollution and associated source-specific health risks in a typical rural industrial area, southwestern China. A total of 105 topsoil samples were collected and the concentrations of heavy metals, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, were determined. Pollution load index and enrichment factors were used to evaluate the pollution level of heavy metals. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to apportion the heavy metals and the associated source-specific health risks to adults and children were estimated via combining the PMF model with the health risk assessment. The results indicated that the soils were highly polluted by multiple heavy metals, especially for Cd, with the EF values of 24.94 and 22.55 in the upstream and downstream areas, respectively. Source apportionment results showed that atmospheric deposition, smelting activities, fertilizer and sewage application, and agrochemical utilization were the main anthropogenic sources, with the contributions of 37.11%, 23.69%, 19.69%, and 19.51%, respectively. Source-specific risk assessment identified atmospheric deposition as the priority source for the non-carcinogenic (NCR) and carcinogenic risks (CR) in the study area, with the contribution of 43.71% and 52.52% for adults, and 44.29% and 52.58% for children, respectively. Moreover, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks posed to children (NCR: 2.84; CR: 1.31 × 10-4) from four sources was higher than those posed to adults (NCR: 0.29; CR: 5.86 × 10-5). The results of source-specific health risk assessment provided the valuable information on the priority sources for pollution preventing and risk controlling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Degang Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Li C, Wu J, Li D, Jiang Y, Wu Y. Study on the Correlation between Life Expectancy and the Ecological Environment around the Cities along the Belt and Road. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2147. [PMID: 36767514 PMCID: PMC9915909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The impact of building the Belt and Road on the ecological environment and the health of the related cities along this belt deserves more attention. Currently, there are few relevant pieces of research in this area, and the problem of a time lag between the ecological environment and health (e.g., life expectancy, LE) has not been explored. This paper investigates the aforementioned problem based on five ecological indicators, i.e., normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, gross primary production (GPP), land surface temperature (LST), and wet, which were obtained from MODIS satellite remote-sensing products in 2010, 2015, and 2020. The research steps are as follows: firstly, a comprehensive ecological index (CEI) of the areas along the Belt and Road was calculated based on the principle of component analysis; secondly, the changes in the trends of the five ecological indicators and the CEI in the research area in the past 11 years were calculated by using the trend degree analysis method; then, the distributions of the cold and hot spots of each index in the research area were calculated via cold and hot spot analysis; finally, the time lag relationship between LE and the ecological environment was explored by using the proposed spatiotemporal lag spatial crosscorrelation analysis. The experimental results show that ① there is a positive correlation between LE and ecological environment quality in the study area; ② the ecological environment has a lagging impact on LE, and the impact of ecological indicators in 2010 on LE in 2020 is greater than that in 2015; ③ among the ecological indicators, GPP has the highest impact on LE, while LST and Wet have a negative correlation with LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-6786-8305
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Guo J, Wei Z, Zhang C, Li C, Dai L, Lu X, Xiao K, Mao X, Yang X, Jing Y, Zhang J, Chen W, Qi S. Characteristics and DGT Based Bioavailability of Cadmium in the Soil-Crop Systems from the East Edge of the Dongting Lake, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:30. [PMID: 36612351 PMCID: PMC9819749 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of heavy metals (including the cadmium, Cd) in agricultural soils has become an increased issue, posing a threat to the crop safety and human health. In order to evaluate the contamination characteristics and bioavailability of Cd in the soil−crop systems from the East edge of the Dongting Lake, four kinds of agricultural products for typical crops (rice, peanut, sweet potato, and corn) and corresponding rhizosphere soils were collected and analyzed for the Cd concentrations. The technique of diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) was applied to evaluate the Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere soils. Concentrations of Cd ranged from 0.04 to 2.95 mg/kg (average 0.24 mg/kg) with 73.9% sites above the background levels, especially for paddy soils. Cd concentrations in the agricultural products ranged from 0.01 to 2.19 mg/kg (average 0.18 mg/kg), with Cd enrichment observed in the peanut samples. No obvious correlations (R2 < 0.25) were observed between the Cd concentrations in the agricultural products and total Cd concentrations in the rhizosphere soils, this indicated that the total Cd concentrations in the soils cannot predict the concentrations in the agricultural products of crops. While the DGT measured Cd concentrations showed good correlations (R2 = 0.64−0.90) with the concentrations in the most agricultural products of crops, which may be used to evaluate the safety of the soil and further safety of the agricultural products of crops. Overall, DGT showed a good potential for prediction of heavy metal bioavailability in soil since the DGT technique can simulate the sustained supply of heavy metals from solid to liquid in the soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Zhiying Wei
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Cong Li
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
| | - Liangliang Dai
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
| | - Kaiqi Xiao
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
| | - Xiong Mao
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
| | - Xiuwen Yang
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Yiming Jing
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
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Heavy metal ecological-health risk assessment under wheat-maize rotation system in a high geological background area in eastern China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17912. [PMID: 36289431 PMCID: PMC9606110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A high geological background can increase the ecological and health risks associated with crop production; therefore, it is essential to assess the heavy metals and their impact. In this study, ecological and health risk impacts of heavy metal contamination, in combination with positive matrix factorization was assessed for an area with high geological background with wheat-maize cropping system, to provide a quantitative understanding of the effects of heavy metals, enabling its prevention and control. This study revealed that the comprehensive ecological risk (RIwheat-maize) is 56.21 (low), with industries being the biggest contributors (34.22%). Comprehensive health risk (non-carcinogenic) assessment showed that industrial (40.98-49.30%) and natural (23.96-37.64%) factors were the primary (particularly of Cd and Zn) and secondary (particularly of Cr and Ni) contributors, respectively in eastern China. Comprehensive health risk (HIwheat-maize) for children and adults were 0.74 and 0.42, respectively, indicating that non-carcinogenic risks were at an acceptable level. Soil ingestion was the primary pathway for health risks (62.23-73.00%), especially for children. Based on soil heavy metal sources and crop systems, source-ecological risk assessment and source-health risk assessment were used to provided valuable insights on making strategies to protect human health in high geological background areas.
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Yang X, Cheng B, Gao Y, Zhang H, Liu L. Heavy metal contamination assessment and probabilistic health risks in soil and maize near coal mines. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1004579. [PMID: 36311573 PMCID: PMC9606824 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1004579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Coal mining activities have continuously introduced heavy metals into the soil-crop system, causing increasing damage to crops. This study integrated the analysis of the heavy metal contamination status and human health risk in soil and maize near coal mines to help formulate control strategies for soil quality, maize production, and safe consumption. Method This study was carried out on maize agricultural land near a coal mining plant. Heavy metal contamination was assessed by the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and bioaccumulation factor (BCF). The Monte Carlo simulation was used to estimate the probabilistic health risk of heavy metals exposure in soil and maize. The relationship between the concentration of heavy metal in the soil and that in maize was further visualized by correlation analysis and random forest analysis. Results The results revealed that the mean concentrations of soil Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Sn, Zn, Pb, and Hg were all above the local background level. Ni was the most severely polluted heavy metal in maize and had a concentration higher than the risk control standard for corn in China (NY 861-2004). The Igeo values of all heavy metals were low, and EF values showed enrichment in V, Cr, Ti, Ni, and As. The assessment of probabilistic health risk exposed by heavy metals in soil and maize indicated that 1.16 and 1.46% of residents exceeded the carcinogenic risk level due to heavy metal exposure from soil and maize, respectively. Children were the most sensitive to maize and soil heavy metal exposure in the contaminated area. Ingestion of heavy metals was associated with the highest health risk to residents, followed by dermal contact and inhalation. As and Cr in soil and Cr and Ni in maize had the greatest impact on human health risk. Furthermore, maize heavy metals were affected the most by soil Cr, Cd, and V. Conclusion These results may provide useful information for human carcinogenic risk associated with soil and maize heavy metal exposure due to coal mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Yang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Academic Affairs Office, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,*Correspondence: Xiujuan Yang
| | - Bijun Cheng
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Liangpo Liu
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Sheng D, Meng X, Wen X, Wu J, Yu H, Wu M. Contamination characteristics, source identification, and source-specific health risks of heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater of an arid oasis region in Northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156733. [PMID: 35716754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid)s accumulation in groundwater has posed serious ecological and health concerns worldwide. Source-specific risk apportionment is crucial to prevent and control potential heavy metal(loid)s pollution in groundwater. However, there is very limited comprehensive information on the health risk apportionment for groundwater heavy metal(loid)s in arid regions. Thus, the Zhangye Basin, a typical arid oasis region in Northwest China, was selected to investigate the contamination characteristics, possible pollution sources, and source-specific health risks of groundwater heavy metal(loid)s. The heavy metal pollution index (HPI), the Nemerow index (NI), and the contamination degree (CD) were adopted to assess the pollution level of heavy metal(loid)s; then source-specific health risk was apportioned integrating the absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) with health risk assessment. Noticeable accumulation of Mn, Fe, and As was observed in this region with especially Fe/As in 12.68%/2.11% of the samples revealing significant enrichment. Approximately 3.5% of the groundwater samples caused moderate or higher pollution level based on the HPI. The APCS-MLR model was more physically applicable for the current research than the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. Industrial-agricultural activity factor (12.56%) was the major source of non-cancer (infants: 59.15%, children: 64.87%, teens: 64.06%, adults: 64.02%) and cancer risks (infants: 77.36%, children: 77.35%, teens: 77.40%, adults: 77.41%). Industrial-agricultural activities should be given priority to control health risks of heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater. These findings provide fundamental and significant information for mitigating health risks caused by heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater of typical arid oasis regions by controlling priority sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrui Sheng
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Meng
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Wen
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Wu
- Yantai Research Institute, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai, Shandong 264006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haijiao Yu
- School of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276005, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, People's Republic of China
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Zhang F, Wang Y, Liao X. Recognition method for the health risks of potentially toxic elements in a headwater catchment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156287. [PMID: 35636553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spatial association of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil-crop-groundwater systems is poorly recognised. In this study, the contents of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in paddy soils, rice and groundwater in the Xiancha River catchment were determined. The intrinsic effects of PTEs in soils on their spatial distribution in groundwater and rice were explored. Also, the potential sources and health risks of PTEs in multi-media were investigated. Results showed that the mean contents of As and Cd in soils were 23.86 and 0.26 mg kg-1, respectively. In groundwater, the maximum (average) content of As reached 6.55 (1.84) μg L-1. Moreover, As contents in soils and groundwater showed a sound spatial correlation (q = 0.81), and this is supported by the result of the soil column experiment, indicating homology and the strong vertical migration capacity of As. The non-homologous patterns of Pb, Cu and Cd contaminations in soil-groundwater system suggested that geogenic processes influenced the distribution of these PTEs. Cd presented a poor spatial correlation in soil-rice system, as multiple factors controlled its transfer process. Multivariate statistical analysis results demonstrated that As, Cu and Pb in soils mainly came from agricultural sources, whereas high Cd levels were from mining activities. Additionally, direct consumption of As-contaminated groundwater and Cd-contaminated rice posed significant health risks to local residents. This study, which proposes a risk recognition method used to investigate target PTEs in multi-media, may serve as a valuable reference for further research involving catchments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengsong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Zhongke-Ji'an Institute for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Ji'an 343000, China.
| | - Yonglu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Zhang X, Peng L, Wang J, Li C. Decorating metal organic framework on nickel foam for efficient Cu 2+ removal based on adsorption and electrochemistry. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3239-3247. [PMID: 33881964 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1921043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater has a great significance to human health and environment protection. Metal organic framework possesses high surface area, rich porosity, tunable pore size and abundant active sites. However, the intrinsic aggregation and fragility of MOF nanoparticles make its poor adsorption and undesirable reusage. Herein, a facile and unique hot-pressing method is adopted to decorate the MOF nanoparticles on nickel foam (ZIF-8/NF), which simultaneously serves as self-supporting substrate of ZIF-8 nanoparticles and electrode of a self-powered multifunctional purification system. In adsorption, the ZIF-8/NF composite presents high Cu2+ removal rate of 49.5% with the concentration of 10 mg/100 ml. More importantly, integrating with electrochemistry, the Cu2+ removal rate of the ZIF-8/NF composite reaches 54.7% in 5 min. The superior performance is attributed to the comprehensive effects of ion exchange, chemical bonding and physical adsorption. Moreover, the low-cost, fast and scalable preparation contributes to commercially fabricate MOF nanoparticles on self-supported substrate to treat wastewater with high efficiency and good recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lichong Peng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaona Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Congju Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhou Y, Jiang D, Ding D, Wu Y, Wei J, Kong L, Long T, Fan T, Deng S. Ecological-health risks assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals in agricultural soils around a super-sized lead-zinc smelter with a long production history, in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119487. [PMID: 35597487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Smelting activities are considered as the primary cause of heavy metal (HM) accumulation in soils, and the human health around the smelter has been a great concern worldwide. In this study, a total of 242 agricultural soil samples were collected around a large scale Pb/Zn smelter in China, and eight HMs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) were analyzed to assess HMs status, ecological -health risks, and identify source. Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate the probabilistic health risks, and positive matrix factorization (PMF) was employed to identify sources. The results revealed the average contents of five heavy metals (Cd 5.28 mg/kg, Pb 203.36 mg/kg, Hg 0.39 mg/kg, Zn 293.45 mg/kg, Cu 37.14 mg/kg) are higher than their background values in Hunan province. Cd had the highest mean pollution index (PI) of 41.8 and the greatest average ecological risk index (Er) of 1256.34, indicating that Cd was the primary enriched pollutant and had a higher ecological risk than other HMs. The mean hazard index (HI) through exposure to eight HMs was 2.95E-01 and 9.74E-01 for adults and children, respectively, with 35.94% of HI values for children exceeding the risk threshold of 1. Moreover, the mean total cancer risks (TCR) were 2.75E-05 and 2.37E-04 for adults and children, respectively, with 75.48% of TCR values for children exceeding the guideline value of 1E-04. In addition, the positive matrix factorization results showed smelting activities, natural sources, agricultural activities and atmospheric deposition were the three sources in soils, with the contribution rate of 48.62%, 22.35%, and 29.03%, respectively. The uncertainty analysis of the PMF indicated that the three-factor solution is reliable. This work will provide scientific reference for the comprehensive prevention of soil HM pollution adjacent to the large smelter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Dengdeng Jiang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Da Ding
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yunjing Wu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Lingya Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Tao Long
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Tingting Fan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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40
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Ke W, Zeng J, Zhu F, Luo X, Feng J, He J, Xue S. Geochemical partitioning and spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils contaminated by lead smelting. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119486. [PMID: 35595002 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) pollution is a universal and complex problem at lead smelting sites. Further understanding on the distribution, coexistence relationship and occurrence form of multi-metals in soils should be taken prior to restoration on the contaminated sites. In this study, 222 soil samples in a typical abandoned lead smelting site were investigated to understand the spatial distribution and geochemical partitioning of HMs. The results showed that soil quality was seriously threatened by As, Pb and Cd, which expressed high spatial heterogeneity. Integration of sequential extraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and mineral liberation analysers were employed to qualify the geochemical partitioning of HMs. The data showed that Pb and As were mainly partitioned in the reducible phase and residue phase, where the maximum of As were 18% and 79%, and the maximum of Pb were 31% and 64%, respectively, whilst Cd was mainly partitioned with residue phase (about 25%) and weakly acid soluble phase (about 18%). Paulmooreite was the major important mineral host for Pb and As, whereas Cd predominantly existed in willemite. These minerals containing HMs could usually with Fe reside in the octahedral layer of clay minerals such as montmorillonite, and may also reside in the interlayer. Quartz, montmorillonite and goethite were closely associated with HMs minerals in contaminated soils, which limited vertical migration of HMs and potential risks to groundwater. The results enhanced the understanding of spatial distribution and occurrence behavior of HMs, whilst providing potential benefits to heavy metal stabilization and risks control at abandoned non-ferrous metal smelting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshun Ke
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Jiaqing Zeng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Feng Zhu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Xinghua Luo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Jingpei Feng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Jin He
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
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41
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Guan Q, Liu Z, Shao W, Tian J, Luo H, Ni F, Shan Y. Probabilistic risk assessment of heavy metals in urban farmland soils of a typical oasis city in northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155096. [PMID: 35398134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies lacked quantitative evaluation studies of the probability of ecology and human health risks from soil heavy metals. This study assessed heavy metal risk level by collecting topsoil samples from a typical oasis city (Wuwei) in northwest China and then quantitatively evaluating the ecological risk from heavy metals by incorporating the uncertainty of health risk model parameters into the risk assessment. This study found that anthropogenic activities have influenced the accumulation of heavy metals in the study area and that the risk of contamination of soil heavy metals was characterized as light to moderate contamination and low ecological risk. On this basis, the species sensitivity distribution curves of heavy metals were constructed using species acute toxicity data, the predicted no effect concentrations of heavy metals were derived, and a probabilistic ecological risk evaluation was conducted. The results show that the current soil environmental quality standards in China are not effective in protecting species diversity. In addition, the probability of ecological risk for Cr, Ni and As in the study area was 63.3%, 23.8% and 7.1%, however, traditional pollution assessment methods underestimate the hazard of Cr. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that the probability of the carcinogenic risk of Cr (adults: 79.4%; children: 94.5%) and As (adults: 78.9%; children: 94.0%) is high, the probability of the total carcinogenic risk exceeding 1E-06 is 99.0%, the probability of the non-carcinogenic risk is low, and the slope factor and reference dose can significantly affect the evaluation of human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Guan
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhan Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenyan Shao
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haiping Luo
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fei Ni
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuxin Shan
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Identification of heavy metal pollutants and their sources in farmland: an integrated approach of risk assessment and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12196. [PMID: 35842500 PMCID: PMC9288480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation and assessment of farmland pollution require an efficient method to identify heavy metal (HM) pollutants and their sources. In this study, heavy metals (HMs) in farmland were determined efficiently using high-precision X-ray fluorescence (HDXRF) spectrometer. The potential ecological risk and health risk of HMs in farmland near eight villages of Wushan County in China were quantified using an integrated method of concentration-oriented risk assessment (CORA) and source-oriented risk assessment (SORA). The CORA results showed that Cd in farmland near the villages of Liuping (LP) and Jianping (JP) posed a "very high" potential ecological risk, which is mainly ascribed to soil Cd (single potential ecological risk index ([Formula: see text]) of Cd in villages LP and JP, [Formula: see text] = 2307 and 568 > 320). A "moderate" potential ecological risk was present in other six villages. The overall non-carcinogenic risk (hazard index (HI) = 1.2 > 1) of HMs for children in village LP was unacceptable. The contributions of HMs decrease in the order of Cr > As > Cd > Pb > Ni > Cu > Zn. The total carcinogenic risk (TCR = 2.1 × 10-4 > 1.0 × 10-4) of HMs in village LP was unacceptable, with HMs contributions decreasing in the order of Cr > Ni > Cd > As > Pb. Furthermore, three source profiles were assigned by the positive matrix factorization: F1: agricultural activity; F2: geological anomaly originating from HMs-rich rocks; F3: the natural geological background. According to the results of SORA, F2 was the highest contributor to PER in village LP, up to 64.4%. Meanwhile, the contributions of three factors to HI in village LP were 19.0% (F1), 53.6% (F2), and 27.4% (F3), respectively. It is worth noting that TCR (1.2 × 10-4) from F2 surpassed the threshold of 1.0 × 10-4, with an unacceptable carcinogenic risk level. As mentioned above, the HM pollutants (i.e., Cd and Cr) and their main sources (i.e., F2) in this area should be considered. These results show that an integrated approach combining risk assessments with the determination of HM concentration and identification of HM source is effective in identifying HM pollutants and sources and provides a good methodological reference for effective prevention and control of HM pollution in farmland.
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Khodadadi N, Amini A, Dehbandi R. Contamination, probabilistic health risk assessment and quantitative source apportionment of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in street dust of a highly developed city in north of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112962. [PMID: 35182599 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Street dust (SD) are the particulates that primarily originated from Earth's crust and secondary alteration and erosion of natural and anthropogenic materials. The multi-dimensional pollution and health risk assessment of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in these particles remain unknown in the majority of world urban areas. The elemental concentration, mineralogy, and micro-morphology of street dust were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), SEM-EDX, XRD, and petrographical observation. Multivariate statistical analysis combined with positive matrix factorization (PMF) and Monte-Carlo simulations were applied to source identification and health risk assessment of PTMs. A severe enrichment of Sb, Cu and Zn and moderate contamination of Sn, Pb, and Cr were observed in the samples particularly in the areas with higher loads of traffic. The results of geochemical indices showed that K, Al, Mn, and V have natural/geogenic origins. While Sb, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn showed an enrichment relative to the background values with dominant anthropogenic sources. The results were confirmed by source appointment techniques. The results of deterministic and probabilistic health risk assessment by Monte-Carlo simulations revealed the non-carcinogenic nature of As, Mn, and Pb for children mainly through skin and ingestion routes. It can be concluded that the chemical compound of street dust in Gorgan city is affected by both natural (loess deposits) and anthropogenic sources. Also, children are in the risk of exposure to PTMs in street dust more than adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arash Amini
- Geology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Reza Dehbandi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ahmadpour M, Sinkakarimi MH, Arabi MHG, Abdollahpour M, Mansour A, Asgharpour A, Islami I, Ahmadpour M, Hosseini SH, Taleshi MS, Levengood J, Hapeman P. Minerals and trace elements in a long term paddy soil-rice system in the north of Iran: Human health and ecological risk assessment. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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45
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Nádudvari Á, Cabała J, Marynowski L, Jabłońska M, Dziurowicz M, Malczewski D, Kozielska B, Siupka P, Piotrowska-Seget Z, Simoneit BRT, Szczyrba M. High concentrations of HgS, MeHg and toxic gas emissions in thermally affected waste dumps from hard coal mining in Poland. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128542. [PMID: 35248960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to provide numerous environmental research approaches to understand the formation of mineral and organic mercury compounds in self-heating coal waste dumps of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB). The results are combined with environmental and health risk assessments. The mineralogy comprised accessory minerals in the fine fraction of thermally affected waste, i.e., Hg sulfides, most likely cinnabar or metacinnabar. Moreover, other metals, e.g., Pb, Zn and Cu, were found as sulfide forms. Apart from Hg, the ICP-ES/MS data confirmed the high content of Mn, Zn, Pb, Hg, Cr and Ba in these wastes. The high concentration of available Hg resulted in elevated MeHg concentrations in the dumps. There were no correlations or trends between MeHg concentrations and elemental Hg, TS, TOC, and pH. Furthermore, we did not detect microbial genes responsible for Hg methylation. The organic compounds identified in waste and emitted gases, such as organic acids, or free methyl radicals, common in such burn environments, could be responsible for the formation of MeHg. The concentration levels of gases, e.g., benzene, formaldehyde, NH3, emitted by the vents, reached or surpassed acceptable levels numerous times. The potential ecological and human health risks of these dumps were moderate to very high due to the significant influence of the high Hg concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Nádudvari
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Cabała
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Leszek Marynowski
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Mariola Jabłońska
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Maria Dziurowicz
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dariusz Malczewski
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Barbara Kozielska
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Power and Environmental Engineering, Department of Air Protection, 22B Konarskiego St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Piotr Siupka
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Zofia Piotrowska-Seget
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Bernd R T Simoneit
- Oregon State University, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Mirosław Szczyrba
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 60 Będzińska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Cao H, Wang Z, Liao X, Li Y, Zhu Y. Research on the Regional Environmental Impact and Risk Assessment Affected by Mineral Resource Development: A Case Study of the Taojia River Watershed in Hunan. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.918446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mining and production of mineral resources can directly lead to soil and water pollution, posing a serious threat to human health. In this study, the Taojia River basin, a tributary of the Xiangjiang River, was selected as the study area. Based on the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, and Zn) in 653 soil/substrate samples collected from 342 points in the study area in 2013 and 2021, the changes in soil heavy metal concentrations in the region were systematically analyzed to assess their environmental risks and impacts on regional environmental quality. The results showed that from 2013 to 2021, the As, Pb, and Zn pollution in regional soil, tailing sand, and surface water was reduced, while the Cd pollution increased. The average soil As, Pb, and Zn concentrations decreased from 3,750, 2,340, and 1,180 mg/kg to 457, 373, and 387mg/kg, respectively, while the Cd concentration increased from 0.11to 1.91 mg/kg; additionally, the overall distribution trend of heavy metal concentrations was high in the south, low in the north, and gradually decreased from upstream to downstream. The single evaluation index of heavy metal pollution risk showed that the percentages of medium to heavy pollution points in the soil As, Pb, and Zn were 84, 57, and 28%, respectively, in 2013, and this index decreased to 38, 37, and 25%, respectively, in 2021. The regional environmental quality was closely related to the intensity of mineral resource development. From 2000 to 2010, frequent mining development activities led to an increase in the area of construction land and a continuous decrease in the area of arable land, grassland, and vegetation cover in the region. During 2010–2020, the area of construction land decreased, and the vegetation coverage increased. The comprehensive evaluation index showed that the overall soil pollution risk in the watershed decreased, and the proportion of heavily polluted points decreased from 80 to 65%. It was shown by principal component analysis and factor analysis that mining development activities were the largest source of heavy metal pollution, in addition to mixed sources of tailings, solid waste, agriculture, and traffic emission sources. The results provide a scientific basis for the management and risk control of heavy metal pollution in the Taojia River basin.
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Du Z, Lin D, Li H, Li Y, Chen H, Dou W, Qin L, An Y. Bibliometric Analysis of the Influencing Factors, Derivation, and Application of Heavy Metal Thresholds in Soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116561. [PMID: 35682145 PMCID: PMC9180750 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of threshold levels of heavy metals in soil is essential for the assessment and management of soil environmental quality. This study reviewed the influencing factors, the derivation, and application aspects of heavy metals' threshold values comprehensively by a combination of bibliometric analysis and scientific knowledge mapping. A total of 1106 related studies were comprehensively extracted from the Web of Science database during the period from 2001 to 2020. The results showed that the publication output has been growing strongly. An analysis on the subject, journal, country, and institution was carried out to demonstrate the development and evolution of this research branch during the two decades. According to high-frequency keywords analysis, external factors (e.g., soil physicochemical properties) and internal factors (e.g., crop genotype) can affect heavy metal threshold values in the soil-crop system. The current methods mainly include the Point model (e.g., evaluation factor method), the Probability model (e.g., species sensitivity distribution method), and the Empirical model (e.g., ecological environment effect method). A threshold study can be applicable to the risk assessment for soil heavy metal contamination in order to determinate the soil pollution degree and its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. Moreover, challenges and prospects of the study of heavy metal threshold values are proposed, indicating that research should focus on the relationships between human health risks and the established threshold values of heavy metals in the soil, long-term field trials and bioavailability of heavy metals for the derivation of the thresholds, and the establishment of more scientific and rational soil environmental benchmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Du
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; (Z.D.); (D.L.); (Y.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Dasong Lin
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; (Z.D.); (D.L.); (Y.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Haifeng Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100097, China;
| | - Yang Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; (Z.D.); (D.L.); (Y.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Hongan Chen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; (Z.D.); (D.L.); (Y.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Weiqiang Dou
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Li Qin
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; (Z.D.); (D.L.); (Y.L.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yi An
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; (Z.D.); (D.L.); (Y.L.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (Y.A.)
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Chen Z, Xu J, Duan R, Lu S, Hou Z, Yang F, Peng M, Zong Q, Shi Z, Yu L. Ecological Health Risk Assessment and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Surface Soil Based on a High Geochemical Background: A Case Study in Southwest China. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10060282. [PMID: 35736891 PMCID: PMC9228051 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10060282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A total of 28,095 surface soil samples were collected in areas with high natural background levels; the potential ecological risk is generally low, and the high-risk area is small and mainly affected by lead−zinc mines. The contribution to the potential ecological risk factor (RI) is as follows: Hg > Cd > As > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Zn, with noncarcinogenic chronic risks of Cr > As > Cd > Pb > Ni > Cu > Hg > Zn; furthermore, dermal contact is the main pathway of exposure causing health risks. The total carcinogenic risks caused by heavy metals were as follows: Cr > Cd > As > Pb; and the risks posed by Cr, Cd, and As were higher than the threshold value (1.0 × 10−4); people face a higher threat to heavy metals in soils in Zhenxiong, Ludian, Huize, Weixin, and Zhaoyang. The evaluation result of the EPA PMF model shows that the soil heavy metals are mainly composed of five sources, of which basalt, Permian, and Triassic carbonate rock parent material constitute the natural background source, while the mining activities of lead−zinc mines and the emissions of coal burning by residents constitute the anthropogenic source. The contribution was ranked in order of lead−zinc mining (26.7%) > Triassic carbonate (23.7%) > basalt (20.9%) > coal burning and automobile emissions (16.1%) > Permian carbonate (12.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwan Chen
- School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
- Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ruichun Duan
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China; (R.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Shansong Lu
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China; (R.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhaolei Hou
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China; (F.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Min Peng
- Institute of Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China; (F.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Qingxia Zong
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zeming Shi
- School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
- Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Z.S.)
| | - Linsong Yu
- School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
- Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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49
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Source Identification and Apportionment of Potential Toxic Elements in Soils in an Eastern Industrial City, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106132. [PMID: 35627668 PMCID: PMC9140723 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The extensive pattern of economic growth has an inestimable negative impact on the ecological environment, which causes the soil pollution problem to become increasingly prominent. In order to improve the effectiveness and rationality of prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in regional soil, it is necessary to understand the current situation of pollution, identify pollution sources and clarify future pollution risks. In this paper, an industrially developed city in eastern China was taken as the study region. The positive matrix factorization model (PMF) model and Unmix model was applied to identify and apportion the pollution sources of soil potential toxic elements after evaluating the ecological risk of soil potential toxic elements. The PMF model identified six factors, including single source and composite source. The Unmix model also identified six sources, including sources of nature, industrial discharge and traffic emissions. The comparison between the two models showed that Hg and Ni pollution, as well as Cr enrichment in the study region, were related to the industrial discharge from enterprises and factories. Cd pollution was related to traffic emission sources. Cu and Zn pollution were related to the multiple sources mixed with soil parent material, traffic emissions and industrial discharge from electronic enterprises. Pb pollution was related to natural sources (e.g., soil pH) but also to industrial sources (e.g., industrial wastes discharge). Enrichment was related to soil parent material and agricultural inputs. Our study also implies that soil heavy metal pollution or enrichment in the study region was mainly from anthropogenic sources and supplemented by natural sources.
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Jiang Y, Wen H, Zhang Q, Yuan L, Liu L. Source apportionment and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soil from mining areas in northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1551-1566. [PMID: 33791898 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil contaminated with toxic elements from mining activities is a public health concern. In order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the status and potential risks of inorganic toxic elements in soil resulting from mining activities, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, and Cd were selected to evaluate a total of 42 soil samples collected from Gannan mining areas in northwestern China. The concentrations of As and Cd were much higher than their respective background values, while the concentrations of the other elements fluctuated around their background values. Results of combined multivariate statistical analyses and the distribution patterns of the individual pollutants imply that the toxic elements were originated from different sources even for one element in different sampling locations. The pollution index values indicated that As and Cd have a moderate to high pollution levels. The geo-accumulation indexes (Igeo) indicated that Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, and Ni are likely of geologic origin, while As and Cd have been significantly affected by anthropogenic activities. Potential ecological risk indexes further showed that soils from mining areas within the study area pose a high potential ecological risk, and As and Cd were major risk contributors. Based on the calculated Hazard Index, the ingestion of soil particles appeared to be the main exposure route resulting in a higher risk, followed by dermal contact. The potential health risks of children and adults for As were greater than the safe level. The carcinogenic risk associated with As for local residents was also higher than the accepted levels, indicating a serious health risk to local residents. These results suggest that proper management strategies and various remediation practices should be implemented in the Gannan mining area in northwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jiang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Hong Wen
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Longmiao Yuan
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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