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Knøfler IH, Andersson KE, Becker RL, Christiansen S, Nielsen NJ, Christensen JH. Is Fucus a suitable biomonitoring organism for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination? A study from the Faroe Islands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26699-26712. [PMID: 38453760 PMCID: PMC11052821 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate seaweed as a biomonitoring organism, Fucus was sampled in the Faroe Islands. Nineteen PAHs, including the EPA 16, and four groups of alkylated PAHs were quantified using GC-MS analysis of extracts obtained using a modified QuEchERS method with ultrasonication in acetonitrile, back-extraction into hexane, and Florisil® cleanup. Samples from the harbor of Tórshavn collected at high tide were the most polluted with PAH concentrations between 1.3 × 102 and 1.7 × 102 ng/g wet weight. All samples contained a factor 10 higher concentrations of alkylated PAHs compared to their parent compounds. These results suggest that Fucus might be suitable as a biomonitoring organism for PAH pollution. Differences between samples collected in close proximity and on different days were observed (same range of RSD 14-120% and 60-102%, respectively), suggesting that water exchange, tide levels, and direct exposure to surface diesel pollution have a strong influence on pollutant uptake in Fucus. The findings stress the need for further evaluation of the sampling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Huusmann Knøfler
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Evald Andersson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Richard Leonard Becker
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sigurd Christiansen
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Faroe Islands, Vestara Bryggja 15, FO-100, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Nikoline J Nielsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jan H Christensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Caronni S, Quaglini LA, Franzetti A, Gentili R, Montagnani C, Citterio S. Does Caulerpa prolifera with Its Bacterial Coating Represent a Promising Association for Seawater Phytoremediation of Diesel Hydrocarbons? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2507. [PMID: 37447068 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropic diesel-derived contamination of Mediterranean coastal waters is of great concern. Nature-based solutions such as phytoremediation are considered promising technologies to remove contaminants from marine environments. The aim of this work was to investigate the tolerance of the Mediterranean autochthonous seaweed Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskal) Lamouroux to diesel fuel and its hydrocarbon degradation potential. Changes in C. prolifera traits, including its associated bacterial community abundance and structure, were determined by fluorescence microscopy and next-generation sequencing techniques. Thalli of C. prolifera artificially exposed to increasing concentration of diesel fuel for 30 days and thalli collected from three natural sites with different levels of seawater diesel-derived hydrocarbons were analysed. Gas chromatography was applied to determine the seaweed hydrocarbon degradation potential. Overall, in controlled conditions the lower concentration of diesel (0.01%) did not affect C. prolifera survival and growth, whereas the higher concentration (1%) resulted in high mortality and blade damages. Similarly, only natural thalli, collected at the most polluted marine site (750 mg L-1), were damaged. A higher abundance of epiphytic bacteria, with a higher relative abundance of Vibrio bacteria, was positively correlated to the health status of the seaweed as well as to its diesel-degradation ability. In conclusion, C. prolifera tolerated and degraded moderate concentrations of seawater diesel-derived compounds, especially changing the abundance and community structure of its bacterial coating. The protection and exploitation of this autochthonous natural seaweed-bacteria symbiosis represents a useful strategy to mitigate the hydrocarbon contamination in moderate polluted Mediterranean costal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Caronni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Lara A Quaglini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Gentili
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Montagnani
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Citterio
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Ryzhik IV, Pugovkin DV, Salakhov DO, Klindukh MP, Voskoboynikov GM. Physiological changes and rate of resistance of Acrosiphonia arcta (Dillwyn) Gain upon exposure to diesel fuel. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10177. [PMID: 36033327 PMCID: PMC9404261 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in the morpho-physiological state of green alga Acrosiphonia arcta upon exposure to diesel fuel (DF) at concentrations of 20; 100; 1,000; 2,000; 3,000 of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) were studied. The main physiological stress markers, such as enzymes of the antioxidant system (AOS), non-enzymatic antioxidants (carotenoids) and free amino acids (as components of plant metabolome) were measured. In general, all concentrations of the petroleum product used changed the activity of the antioxidant system, changed the intensity of physiological processes (photosynthesis, free amino acid synthesis) and also affected the structure of microbiomes inhabiting the surface of algae. It was shown that the concentration of DF within 1 mg/l (20 MPC) was not lethal as plants were able to maintain physiological activity and the observed changes were reversible. Although DF exposure caused decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, proline concentration and photosynthetic rate, increases in catalase activity and pigment concentration were observed. After the effects of stress disappeared, most physiological parameters were restored, except for carotenoid content. Higher DF concentrations (100 MPC and higher) caused injury to cell structures and damage to the pigment apparatus. The restoration of functions after the termination of exposure to stress was not achieved. Epiphytic bacterial communities actively responded both to the introduction of a toxicant and to the changing physiological parameters of algae by the change in the numbers of cultured heterotrophic bacteria. The results of this study showed that the concentration of petroleum products in the water decreased to values not exceeding MPC in the presence of algae in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Ryzhik
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirskaya Str., 17, Murmansk, 183010, Russia.,Murmansk Arctic State University, Kapitana Egorova Str., 15, Murmansk, 183038, Russia
| | - D V Pugovkin
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirskaya Str., 17, Murmansk, 183010, Russia
| | - D O Salakhov
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirskaya Str., 17, Murmansk, 183010, Russia
| | - M P Klindukh
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirskaya Str., 17, Murmansk, 183010, Russia
| | - G M Voskoboynikov
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirskaya Str., 17, Murmansk, 183010, Russia
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Wegeberg S, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Geertz-Hansen O, Wiktor J, Bogø-Wilms L, Larsen MB, Renvald L, Gustavson K. Coastline in-situ burning of oil spills in the Arctic. Studies of the environmental impacts on the littoral zone community. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113128. [PMID: 34826660 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In-situ burning (ISB) has been an oil combat technique studied since the 1950s. However, burning of the oil on the sea surface along the coastline, coastline ISB (cISB), is novel and was tested for the first time in the Arctic along a rocky coast in the summer 2017. A light crude oil was burned and effects of the cISB operation on the littoral zone communities investigated. The impact on macroalgal vegetation and associated fauna was analysed in three littoral zone levels. The analyses revealed limited effects on the littoral community, and that variation between sample plots and years in macroalgal biomass and coverage, as well as fauna biomass and abundance was higher than the impact from cISB. Therefore, it is concluded that cISB in the Arctic along a rocky shore may be an oil spill response option with relatively low environmental side effects for the specific oil type used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole Geertz-Hansen
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, GL-3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Jozef Wiktor
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstanco'w Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Lonnie Bogø-Wilms
- Greenland Oil Spill Response, Aqqusinersuaq 48A, GL-3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | | | - Lars Renvald
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Li N, Liu Y, Liang Z, Lou Y, Liu Y, Zhao X, Wang G. Influence of fuel oil on Platymonas helgolandica: An acute toxicity evaluation to amino acids. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116226. [PMID: 33360349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is highly likely that the toxicity of water accommodated fractions (WAF) will influence marine microalgae, and consequently lead to potential risk for the marine ecological environment. However, it was often neglected whether WAF can influence the transformation of relative compounds in organisms. The metabolism of amino acids (AAs) can be used to track physiological changes in microalgae because amino acids are the basis of proteins and enzymes. In this study, using marine Chlorophyta Platymonas helgolandica as the test organism, the effects of different concentrations of WAF on AA compositions and stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of individual AAs of Platymonas helgolandica were investigated. The results showed that the WAF of #180 fuel oil had an obvious suppressing effect on the growth and chlorophyll a content of microalgae. The growth inhibitory rate at 96 h was 80.66% at a WAF concentration of 0.50 mg L-1 compared with the control. Furthermore, seven among the 16 AAs, including alanine, cysteine, proline, aspartic acid, lysine, histidine and tyrosine, had relatively high abundance. Under the glycolysis pathway, the cysteine abundance was higher than control, meaning that the biosynthesized pathway of alanine through cysteine as a precursor could be damaged. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) was an important synthesis precursor of alanine (leucine) and aromatic AA family (Phenylalanine and tyrosine), and played an important role in δ13CAAs fractionation under the WAF stress. Under the TCA pathway, to protect cell metabolism activities under WAF stress, the δ13C value of threonine and proline abundance in microalgae with the increase in WAF stress. Therefore, δ13CAAs fractionation can be used as a novel method for toxicity evaluation of WAF on future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhengyu Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Yadi Lou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinda Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Guoguang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
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