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Reinholdt Jensen DM, Sandoval S, Aubin JB, Bertrand-Krajewski JL, Xuyong L, Mikkelsen PS, Vezzaro L. Classifying pollutant flush signals in stormwater using functional data analysis on TSS MV curves. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 217:118394. [PMID: 35430466 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollution levels in stormwater vary significantly during rain events, with pollutant flushes carrying a major fraction of an event pollutant load in a short period. Understanding these flushes is thus essential for stormwater management. However, current studies mainly focus on describing the first flush or are limited by predetermined flush categories. This study provides a new perspective on the topic by applying data-driven approaches to categorise Mass Volume (MV) curves for TSS into distinct classes of flush tailored to specific monitoring location. Functional Data Analysis (FDA) was used to investigate the dynamics of MV curves in two large data sets, consisting of 343 measured events and 915 modelled events, respectively. Potential links between classes of MV curves and combinations of rain characteristics were explored through a priori clustering. This yielded correct class assignments for 23-63% of the events using different combinations of MV curve clustering and rainfall characteristics. This suggests that while global rainfall characteristics influence flush, they are not sufficient as sole explanatory variables of different flush phenomena, and additional explanatory variables are needed to assign MV curves into classes with a predictive power that is suitable for e.g. design of stormwater control measures. Our results highlight the great potential of the FDA methodology as a new approach for classifying, describing, and understanding pollutant flush signals in stormwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Marie Reinholdt Jensen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, Bygning 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), Aarhus, Denmark and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China.
| | - Santiago Sandoval
- University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, EA 7429, F-69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France; University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland (HES-SO), HEIA-Fr, ITEC, Boulevard de Pérolles 80, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Aubin
- University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, EA 7429, F-69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
| | | | - Li Xuyong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Peter Steen Mikkelsen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, Bygning 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Luca Vezzaro
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, Bygning 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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Integrated Underground Mining Hazard Assessment, Management, Environmental Monitoring, and Policy Control in Pakistan. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132413505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the significance of underground mining in Pakistan, resulting in the employment of operational staff to undertake the primary tasks of this sector, such as explosions, rock excavation, mineral research, mining-supporting walls, and mine compactivity. Occupational accidents and illnesses arise due to the activities mentioned above because the working circumstances are not optimal. The decision-matrix risk-assessment (DMRA) approach, in which incidents are evaluated according to their severity and probability, was also utilized to improve working conditions, including public health and environment protection. To assess the risks and to select which actions should continue in the same manner, we highlighted hazards that need control measures and, as the last option, those that must be stopped. By taking into account the results of the study, corrective actions were proposed that can help avoid the occurrence of the presented accidents through applying occupational safety and health regulations issued by the Department of Minerals and Mines, which is a governmental entity responsible for both the issuing and the compliance to those regulations. The current study also outlined the requirements that must be reported under mining-related laws.
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Rodak CM, Jayakaran AD, Moore TL, David R, Rhodes ER, Vogel JR. Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1552-1586. [PMID: 32663352 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes over 280 studies published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and management of urban stormwater runoff. A summary of quantity and quality concerns is provided in the first section of the review, serving as the foundation for the following sections which focus on the control and treatment of stormwater runoff. Finally, the impact of stormwater control devices at the watershed scale is discussed. Each section provides a self-contained overview of the 2019 literature, common themes, and future work. Several themes emerged from the 2019 literature including exploration of substrate amendments for improved water quality effluent from stormwater controls, the continued study of the role of vegetation in green infrastructure practices, and a call to action for the development of new models which generate reliable, computationally efficient results under the physical, chemical, biological, and social complexity of stormwater management. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Over 280 studies were published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and treatment of urban stormwater. Studies on bioretention and general stormwater characteristics represented the two most common subtopics in 2019. Trends in 2019 included novel substrate amendments, studies on the role of vegetation, and advancements in computational models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Rodak
- Civil Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Utica, New York, USA
| | - Anand D Jayakaran
- Washington Stormwater Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, Washington, USA
| | - Trisha L Moore
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Ray David
- Greeley and Hansen, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Emily R Rhodes
- Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jason R Vogel
- Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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