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Geng X, Haig J, Lin B, Tian C, Zhu S, Cheng Z, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zheng M, Li J, Zhong G, Zhao S, Bird MI, Zhang G. Provenance of Aerosol Black Carbon over Northeast Indian Ocean and South China Sea and Implications for Oceanic Black Carbon Cycling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13067-13078. [PMID: 37603309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol black carbon (BC) is a short-lived climate pollutant. The poorly constrained provenance of tropical marine aerosol BC hinders the mechanistic understanding of extreme climate events and oceanic carbon cycling. Here, we collected PM2.5 samples during research cruise NORC2016-10 through South China Sea (SCS) and Northeast Indian Ocean (NEIO) and measured the dual-carbon isotope compositions (δ13C-Δ14C) of BC using hydrogen pyrolysis technique. Aerosol BC exhibits six different δ13C-Δ14C isotopic spaces (i.e., isotope provinces). Liquid fossil fuel combustion, from shipping emissions and adjacent land, is the predominant source of BC over isotope provinces "SCS close to Chinese Mainland" (53.5%), "Malacca Strait" (53.4%), and "Open NEIO" (40.7%). C3 biomass burning is the major contributor to BC over isotope provinces "NEIO close to Southeast Asia" (55.8%), "Open NEIO" (41.3%), and "Open SCS" (40.0%). Coal combustion and C4 biomass burning show higher contributions to BC over "Sunda Strait" and "Open SCS" than the others. Overall, NEIO near the Bay of Bengal, Malacca Strait, and north SCS are three hot spots of fossil fuel-derived BC; the first two areas are also hot spots of biomass-derived BC. The comparable δ13C-Δ14C between BC in aerosol and dissolved BC in surface seawater may suggest atmospheric BC deposition as a potential source of oceanic dissolved BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jordahna Haig
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Boji Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chongguo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Sanyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhineng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Junyi Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mei Zheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guangcai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shizhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Michael Ian Bird
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Salim SN, Adhikari A, Shaikh AA, Menon HB, Kumar NVPK, Rajeev K. Aerosol-boundary layer dynamics and its effect on aerosol radiative forcing and atmospheric heating rate in the Indian Ocean sector of Southern Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159770. [PMID: 36309254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study examines the thermodynamic structure of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) and its effect on the aerosol dynamics in the Indian Ocean sector of Southern Ocean (ISSO) between 30°S-67°S and 57°E-77°E. It includes observations of aerosols and meteorology collected during the Xth Southern Ocean Expedition conducted in December 2017. The results revealed the effect of frontal-region-specific air-sea coupling on the thermodynamic structure of MABL and its role in regulating aerosols in ISSO. The MABL over the subtropical front was unstable and formed a well-evolved mixed layer (≈2400 m) capped by low-level inversions (≈660 m). Convective activities in the Sub-Antarctic Frontal region were associated with the Agulhas Retroflection Current, which supported the formation of a well-developed mixed layer (≈1860 m). The mean estimates of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and black carbon (BC) mass concentrations were 0.095 ± 0.006 and 50 ± 14 ng m-3, respectively, and the resultant clear sky direct shortwave radiative forcing (DARF) and atmospheric heating rate (HR) were 1.32 ± 0.11 W m-2 and 0.022 ± 0.002 K day-1, respectively. In the polar front (PF) region, frequent mid-latitude cyclones led to highly stabilized MABL, supported low-level multi-layered clouds (>3-layers) and multiple high-level inversions (strength > 0.5 K m-1 > 3000 m). The clouds were mixed-phased with temperatures less than -12 °C at 3000 m altitude. Interestingly, there was higher loading of dust and BC aerosols (276 ± 24 ng m-3), maximum AOD (0.109 ± 0.009), clear sky DARF (1.73 ± 0.02 W m-2), and HR (0.029 ± 0.005 K day-1). This showed an accumulation of long-range advected anthropogenic aerosols within baroclinic-boundaries formed over the PF region. Specifically, in the region south of PF, weak convection caused weakly-unstable MABL with a single low-level inversion followed by no clouds/single-layer clouds. Predominant clean maritime air holding a small fraction of dust and BC accounted for lower estimates of AOD (0.071 ± 0.004), BC concentrations (90 ± 55 ng m-3) and associated clear sky DARF and HR were 1.16 ± 0.06 W m-2 and 0.019 ± 0.001 K day-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neha Salim
- Remote Sensing Laboratory, Goa University, 403206, India; School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, 403206, India
| | - Arjun Adhikari
- Remote Sensing Laboratory, Goa University, 403206, India; School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, 403206, India
| | - Atiba A Shaikh
- Remote Sensing Laboratory, Goa University, 403206, India; School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, 403206, India
| | - Harilal B Menon
- Remote Sensing Laboratory, Goa University, 403206, India; School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, 403206, India.
| | - N V P Kiran Kumar
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Trivandrum 695022, India
| | - K Rajeev
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Trivandrum 695022, India
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Wu C, Trounce H, Dunne E, Griffith DWT, Chambers SD, Williams AG, Humphries RS, Cravigan LT, Miljevic B, Zhang C, Wang H, Wang B, Ristovski Z. Atmospheric concentrations and sources of black carbon over tropical Australian waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159143. [PMID: 36195151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) aerosols significantly contribute to radiative budgets globally, however their actual contributions remain poorly constrained in many under-sampled ocean regions. The tropical waters north of Australia are a part of the Indo-Pacific warm pool, regarded as a heat engine of global climate, and are in proximity to large terrestrial sources of BC aerosols such as fossil fuel emissions, and biomass burning emissions from northern Australia. Despite this, measurements of marine aerosols, especially BC remain elusive, leading to large uncertainties and discrepancies in current chemistry-climate models for this region. Here, we report the first comprehensive measurements of aerosol properties collected over the tropical warm pool in Australian waters during a voyage in late 2019. The non-marine related aerosol emissions observed in the Arafura Sea region were more intense than in the Timor Sea marine region, as the Arafura Sea was subject to greater continental outflows. The median equivalent BC (eBC) concentration in the Arafura Sea (0.66 μg m-3) was slightly higher than that in the Timor Sea (0.49 μg m-3). Source apportionment modelling and back trajectory analysis and tracer studies consistently suggest fossil fuel combustion eBC (eBCff) was the dominant contributor to eBC across the entire voyage region, with biomass burning eBC (eBCbb) making significant additional contributions to eBC in the Arafura Sea. eBCff (possibly from ship emissions or oil and gas rigs and their associated activities) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) were robustly correlated in the Timor Sea data, whereas eBCbb positively correlated to CCN in the Arafura Sea, suggesting different sources and atmospheric processing pathways occurred in these two regions. This work demonstrates the substantial impact that fossil fuel and biomass burning emissions can have on the composition of aerosols and cloud processes in the remote tropical marine atmosphere, and their potentially significant contribution to the radiative balance of the rapidly warming Indo-Pacific warm pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changda Wu
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; JNU-QUT Joint Laboratory for Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haydn Trounce
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Erin Dunne
- Climate Science Centre, Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Australia
| | - David W T Griffith
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Scott D Chambers
- Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - Alastair G Williams
- Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - Ruhi S Humphries
- Climate Science Centre, Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Australia
| | - Luke T Cravigan
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Branka Miljevic
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- JNU-QUT Joint Laboratory for Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- JNU-QUT Joint Laboratory for Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boguang Wang
- JNU-QUT Joint Laboratory for Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zoran Ristovski
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; JNU-QUT Joint Laboratory for Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li C, Bosch C, Kang S, Andersson A, Chen P, Zhang Q, Cong Z, Tripathee L, Gustafsson Ö. 14C characteristics of organic carbon in the atmosphere and at glacier region of the Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155020. [PMID: 35381240 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an important component of carbonaceous aerosols (CA), organic carbon (OC) exerts a strong, yet insufficiently constrained perturbation of the climate. In this study, we reported sources of OC based on its natural abundance radiocarbon (14C) fingerprinting in aerosols and water-insoluble organic carbon (WIOC) in snowpits across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) - one of the remote regions in the world and a freshwater reservoir for billions of people. Overall, the proportions from 14C-based non-fossil fuel contribution (fnon-fossil) for OC in aerosols was 74 ± 10%, while for WIOC in snowpits was 81 ± 10%, both of which were significantly higher than that of elemental carbon (EC). These indicated sources of OC (WIOC) and EC were different at remote TP. Spatially, high fnon-fossil of WIOC of snowpit samples appeared at the inner part of the TP, indicating the important contribution of local non-fossil sources. Therefore, local non-fossil sources rather than long-range transportation OC dominants its total amount of the TP. In addition, the contribution of local non-fossil sourced WIOC increased during the monsoon period because heavy precipitation removed a high ratio of long-range transportation WIOC. The results of this study showed that not only OC and EC but also their different fuel sources should be treated separately in models to investigate their sources and atmospheric transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoliu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Carme Bosch
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, The Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Water, Air and Soil Unit, Plaça de la Ciència 2, 08243 Manresa, Spain
| | - Shichang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - August Andersson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, The Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pengfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qianggong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lekhendra Tripathee
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Örjan Gustafsson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, The Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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GONÇALVES JR SÉRGIOJ, MAGALHÃES NEWTON, CHARELLO RENATAC, EVANGELISTA HEITOR, GODOI RICARDOH. Relative contributions of fossil fuel and biomass burning sources to black carbon aerosol on the Southern Atlantic Ocean Coast and King George Island (Antarctic Peninsula). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210805. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- SÉRGIO J. GONÇALVES JR
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil
| | - NEWTON MAGALHÃES
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil
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