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Zhang C, Shi D, Wang C, Sun G, Li H, Hu Y, Li X, Hou Y, Zheng R. Pristine/magnesium-loaded biochar and ZVI affect rice grain arsenic speciation and cadmium accumulation through different pathways in an alkaline paddy soil. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 147:630-641. [PMID: 39003078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) co-contamination has threatened rice production and food safety. It is challenging to mitigate Cd and As contamination in rice simultaneously due to their opposite geochemical behaviors. Mg-loaded biochar with outstanding adsorption capacity for As and Cd was used for the first time to remediate Cd/As contaminated paddy soils. In addition, the effect of zero-valent iron (ZVI) on grain As speciation accumulation in alkaline paddy soils was first investigated. The effect of rice straw biochar (SC), magnesium-loaded rice straw biochar (Mg/SC), and ZVI on concentrations of Cd and As speciation in soil porewater and their accumulation in rice tissues was investigated in a pot experiment. Addition of SC, Mg/SC and ZVI to soil reduced Cd concentrations in rice grain by 46.1%, 90.3% and 100%, and inorganic As (iAs) by 35.4%, 33.1% and 29.1%, respectively, and reduced Cd concentrations in porewater by 74.3%, 96.5% and 96.2%, respectively. Reductions of 51.6% and 87.7% in porewater iAs concentrations were observed with Mg/SC and ZVI amendments, but not with SC. Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) concentrations in porewater and grain increased by a factor of 4.9 and 3.3, respectively, with ZVI amendment. The three amendments affected grain concentrations of iAs, DMA and Cd mainly by modulating their translocation within plant and the levels of As(III), silicon, dissolved organic carbon, iron or Cd in porewater. All three amendments (SC, Mg/SC and ZVI) have the potential to simultaneously mitigate Cd and iAs accumulation in rice grain, although the pathways are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dong Shi
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Guoxin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Huafen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Ruilun Zheng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
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He Z, Shen J, Zhu Y, Gao J, Zhang D, Pan X. Active anaerobic methane oxidation in the groundwater table fluctuation zone of rice paddies. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121802. [PMID: 38796914 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Rice paddies are globally important sources of methane emissions and also active regions for methane consumption. However, the impact of fluctuating groundwater levels on methane cycling has received limited attention. In this study, we delved into the activity and microbial mechanisms underlying anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in paddy fields. A comprehensive approach was employed, including 13C stable isotope assays, inhibition experiments, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR, metagenomic sequencing, and binning technology. Geochemical profiles revealed the abundant coexistence of both methane and electron acceptors in the groundwater table fluctuation (GTF) zone, at a depth of 40-60 cm. Notably, the GTF zone exhibited the highest rate of AOM, potentially linked to the reduction of iron oxides and nitrate. Within this zone, Candidatus Methanoperedens (belonging to the ANME-2d group) dominated the Archaea population, accounting for a remarkable 85.4 %. Furthermore, our results from inhibition experiments, RT-qPCR, and metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) analysis highlighted the active role of Ca. Methanoperedens GTF50 in the GTF zone. This microorganism could independently mediate AOM process through the intriguing "reverse methanogenesis" pathway. Considering the similarity in geochemical conditions across different paddy fields, it is likely that Ca. Methanoperedens-mediated AOM is prevalent in the GTF zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfei He
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiaquan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jingxun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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3
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Ke Q, Ren J, Feng K, Zhang Z, Huang W, Xu X, Zhao L, Qiu H, Cao X. Crucial roles of soil inherent Fe-bearing minerals in enhanced Cr(VI) reduction by biochar: The electronegativity neutralization and electron transfer mediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:124014. [PMID: 38642792 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has been used for soil Cr(VI) remediation in the last decade due to its enriched redox functional groups and good electrochemical properties. However, the role of soil inherent Fe-bearing minerals during the reduction of Cr(VI) has been largely overlooked. In this study, biochar with different electron-donating capacities (EDCs) was produced at 400 °C (BC400) and 700 °C (BC700), and their performance for Cr(VI) reduction in soils with varied properties (e.g., Fe content) was investigated. The addition of BC400 caused around 14.2-36.0 mg g-1 Cr(VI) reduction after two weeks of incubation in red soil, paddy soil, loess soil, and fluvo-aquic soil, while a less Cr(VI) was reduced by BC700 (2.57-16.7 mg g-1) with smaller EDCs. The Cr(VI) reduction by both biochars in different soils was closely related to Fe content (R2 = 0.93-0.98), so red soil with the richest Fe (14.8% > 1.79-3.49%) showed the best reduction capability, and the removal of soil free Fe oxides (e.g., hematite) resulted in 71.9% decrease of Cr(VI) reduction by BC400. On one hand, Fe-bearing minerals could increase the soil acidity, neutralize the surface negative charge of biochar, enhance the contact between Cr(VI) and biochar, and thus facilitate the direct Cr(VI) reduction by biochar in soils. On the other hand, Fe-bearing minerals could also facilitate the indirect Cr(VI) reduction by mediating the electron from biochar to Cr(VI) with the cyclic transformation of Fe(II)/Fe(III). This study demonstrates the key role of soil Fe-bearing minerals in Cr(VI) reduction by biochar, which advances our understanding on the biochar-based remediation mechanism of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ke
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jia Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kanghong Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zehong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Zeng P, Liu J, Zhou H, Wang Y, Ni L, Liao Y, Gu J, Liao B, Li Q. Long-term effects of compound passivator coupled with silicon fertilizer on the reduction of cadmium and arsenic accumulation in rice and health risk evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171245. [PMID: 38408656 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are precedence-controlled contaminants in paddy soils, that can easily accumulate in rice grains. Limestone and sepiolite (LS) compound passivator can obviously reduce Cd uptake in rice, whereas Si fertilizer can effectively decrease rice As uptake. Here, the synergistic effects of the LS compound passivator coupled with Si fertilizer (LSCS) on the soil pH and availability of Si, Cd, and As, as well as rice grain Cd and As accumulation and its health risk were studied based on a 3-year consecutive field experiment. The results showed that the LSCS performed the best in terms of synchronously decreasing soil Cd and As availability and rice Cd and As uptake. In the LSCS treatments, soil pH gradually decreased with the rice-planting season, while soil available Cd and As contents gradually increased, suggesting that the influence of LSCS on Cd and As availability gradually weakened with rice cultivation. Nonetheless, the contents of Cd and inorganic As (i-As) in rice grains treated with LSCS were slightly affected by cultivation but were significantly lower than the single treatments of LS compound passivator or Si fertilizer. According to the Cd and As limit standards in food (GB2762-2022), the Cd and i-As content in rice grains can be lowered below the standard by using the 4500 kg/hm2 LS compound passivator coupled with 90 kg/hm2 Si fertilizer in soil and spraying 0.4 g/L Si fertilizer on rice leaves for at least three years. Furthermore, health risk evaluation revealed that LSCS treatments significantly reduced the estimated daily intake, annual excess lifetime cancer risk, and hazard quotient of Cd and i-As in rice grains. These findings suggest that LSCS could be a viable approach for reducing Cd and As accumulation in rice grains and lowering the potential health risks associated with rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Soil Pollution Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Jiawei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Soil Pollution Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China
| | - Li Ni
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ye Liao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jiaofeng Gu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Soil Pollution Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., Changsha 410100, China
| | - Bohan Liao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Soil Pollution Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qian Li
- Hunan Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., Changsha 410100, China
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Huang F, Li Z, Yang X, Liu H, Chen L, Chang N, He H, Zeng Y, Qiu T, Fang L. Silicon reduces toxicity and accumulation of arsenic and cadmium in cereal crops: A meta-analysis, mechanism, and perspective study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170663. [PMID: 38311087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are two toxic metal(loid)s that pose significant risks to food security and human health. Silicon (Si) has attracted substantial attention because of its positive effects on alleviating the toxicity and accumulation of As and Cd in crops. However, our current knowledge of the comprehensive effects and detailed mechanisms of Si amendment is limited. In this study, a global meta-analysis of 248 original articles with over 7000 paired observations was conducted to evaluate Si-mediated effects on growth and As and Cd accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and maize (Zea mays L.). Si application increases the biomass of these crops under As and/or Cd contamination. Si amendment also decreased shoot As and Cd accumulation by 24.1 % (20.6 to 27.5 %) and 31.9 % (29.0 to 31.9 %), respectively. Furthermore, the Si amendment reduced the human health risks posed by As (2.6 %) and Cd (12.9 %) in crop grains. Si-induced inhibition of Cd accumulation is associated with decreased Cd bioavailability and the downregulation of gene expression. The regulation of gene expression by Si addition was the driving factor limiting shoot As accumulation. Overall, our analysis demonstrated that Si amendment has great potential to reduce the toxicity and accumulation of As and/or Cd in crops, providing a scientific basis for promoting food safety globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Nan Chang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haoran He
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Liu J, He T, Yang Z, Peng S, Zhu Y, Li H, Lu D, Li Q, Feng Y, Chen K, Wei Y. Insight into the mechanism of nano-TiO 2-doped biochar in mitigating cadmium mobility in soil-pak choi system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:169996. [PMID: 38224887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution poses severe threats to food security and human health. Previous studies have reported that both nanoparticles (NPs) and biochar have potential for soil Cd remediation. In this study, a composite material (BN) was synthesized using low-dose TiO2 NPs and silkworm excrement-based biochar, and the mechanism of its effect on the Cd-contaminated soil-pak choi system was investigated. The application of 0.5 % BN to the soil effectively reduced 24.8 % of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) Cd in the soil and promoted the conversion of Cd from leaching and HOAc-extractive to reducible forms. BN could improve the adsorption capacity of soil for Cd by promoting the formation of humic acid (HA) and increasing the cation exchange capacity (CEC), as well as activating the oxygen-containing functional groups such as CO and CO. BN also increased soil urease and catalase activities and improved the synergistic network among soil bacterial communities to promote soil microbial carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, thus enhancing Cd passivation. Moreover, BN increased soil biological activity-associated metabolites like T-2 Triol and altered lipid metabolism-related fatty acids, especially hexadecanoic acid and dodecanoic acid, crucial for bacterial Cd tolerance. In addition, BN inhibited Cd uptake and root-to-shoot translocation in pak choi, which ultimately decreased Cd accumulation in shoots by 51.0 %. BN significantly increased the phosphorus (P) uptake in shoots by 59.4 % by improving the soil microbial P cycling. This may serve as a beneficial strategy for pak choi to counteract Cd toxicity. These findings provide new insights into nanomaterial-doped biochar for remediation of heavy metal contamination in soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tieguang He
- Agricultural Resources and Environmental Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Zhixing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shirui Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yanhuan Zhu
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Dan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Qiaoxian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yaxuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Kuiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yanyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
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Cai Y, Jiang J, Zhao X, Zhou D, Gu X. How Fe-bearing materials affect soil arsenic bioavailability to rice: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169378. [PMID: 38101648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination is widespread in soil and poses a threat to agricultural products and human health due to its high susceptibility to absorption by rice. Fe-bearing materials (Fe-Mat) display significant potential for reducing As bioavailability in soil and bioaccumulation in rice. However, the remediation effect of various Fe-Mat is often inconsistent, and the response to diverse environmental factors is ambiguous. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of As in soils, rice roots, and grains based on 673, 321, and 305 individual observations from 67 peer-reviewed articles, respectively. On average, Fe-Mat reduced As bioavailability in soils, rice roots, and grains by 28.74 %, 33.48 %, and 44.61 %, respectively. According to the analysis of influencing factors, the remediation efficiency of Fe-Mat on As-contaminated soil was significantly enhanced with increasing Fe content in the material, in which the industry byproduct was the most effective in soils (-42.31 %) and rice roots (-44.57 %), while Fe-biochar was superior in rice grains (-54.62 %). The efficiency of Fe-Mat in minimizing soil As mobility was negatively correlated with soil Fe content, CEC, and pH. In addition, applying Fe-Mat in alkaline soils with higher silt, lower clay and available P was more effective in reducing As in rice grains. A higher efficiency of applying Fe-Mat under continuous flooding conditions (27.39 %) compared with alternate wetting and drying conditions (23.66 %) was also identified. Our results offer an important reference for the development of remediation strategies and methods for various As-contaminated paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinlin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Li A, Kong L, Peng C, Feng W, Zhang Y, Guo Z. Predicting Cd accumulation in rice and identifying nonlinear effects of soil nutrient elements based on machine learning methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168721. [PMID: 38008332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The spatial mismatch of Cd content in soil and rice causes difficulties in environmental management for paddy soil. To investigate the influence of soil environment on the accumulation of Cd in rice grain, we conducted a paired field sampling in the middle of the Xiangjiang River basin, examining the relationships between soil properties, soil nutrient elements, Cd content, plant uptake factor (PUFCd), and translocation factors in different rice organs (root, shoot, and grain). The total soil Cd (CdT) and available Cd (CdA) contents and PUFCd showed large spatial variability with ranges of 0.31-6.19 mg/kg, 0.03-3.07 mg/kg, and 0.02-3.51, respectively. Soil pH, CdT, CdA, and the contents of soil nutrient elements (Mg, Mn, Ca, P, Si, and B) were linearly correlated with grain Cd content (Cdg) and PUFCd. The decision tree analysis identified nonlinear effects of Si, Zn and Fe on rice Cd accumulation, which suggested that low Si and high Zn led to high Cdg, and low Si and Fe caused high PUFCd. Using the soil nutrient elements as predictor variables, random forest models successfully predicted the Cdg and PUFCd and performed better than multiple linear regressions. It suggested the impacts of soil nutrient elements on rice Cd accumulation should receive more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxue Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Linglan Kong
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Wenli Feng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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9
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Han L, Fan Y, Chen R, Zhai Y, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Li R, Xia L. Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Mining Soils Based on Fractions: A Case Study in Southern Shaanxi, China. TOXICS 2023; 11:997. [PMID: 38133398 PMCID: PMC10748273 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
With rapid economic development, soil heavy metal (HM) pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern. Because the toxicity of HMs differs dramatically among various fractions, risk assessments based on these fractions are of great significance for environmental management. This study employed a modified Hakanson index approach to evaluate the possible ecological impacts of soil HMs in a gold mine tailings pond in Shaanxi Province, China. A modified Hakanson-Monte Carlo model was built to perform a probabilistic risk assessment. The results showed that: (1) the exceedance rates of chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn) were 68.75% and 93.75%, respectively. Moreover, the overall concentrations of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) were higher than the background soil environmental values in China. (2) HMs with the lowest oxidizable fraction were mostly present in the residual fraction. The oxidizable portions of Cr, Cu, and Pb and the reducible and residual fractions of As were notably distinct. (3) The risk degrees of Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn were low; those of As and Pb were very high and moderate; and the comprehensive ecological hazard index was very high. This study offers a solid scientific foundation for ecological risk notification and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Han
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yamin Fan
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China;
| | - Yunmeng Zhai
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhao Liu
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- School of Land Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Risheng Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group, Xi’an 710075, China; (R.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Longfei Xia
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group, Xi’an 710075, China; (R.L.); (L.X.)
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10
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Wei T, Gao H, An F, Ma X, Hua L, Guo J. Performance of heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria combined with biochar on remediation of cadmium and lead co-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6009-6026. [PMID: 37204552 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of soil has become a public concern worldwide since it threats food safety and human health. Sustainable and environmental-friendly remediation technology is urgently needed. Therefore, we investigated the properties and heavy metal removal ability of Enterobacter asburiae G3 (G3), Enterobacter tabaci I12 (I12), and explored the feasibility of remediation Cd, Pb co-contaminated soil by the combination of G3/I12 and biochar. Our results indicated that both strains are highly resistant to Cd, Pb and maintain plant growth-promoting properties. The removal efficiency of G3 for Cd and Pb were 76.79-99.43%, respectively, while the removal efficiency of I12 for Cd and Pb were 62.57-99.55%, respectively. SEM-EDS and XRD analysis revealed that the morphological and structural changes occurred upon heavy metal exposure, metal precipitates were also detected on cell surface. FTIR analysis indicated that functional groups (-OH, -N-H, -C = O, -C-N, -PO4) were involved in Cd/Pb immobilization. Application of the bacteria, biochar, or their combination decreased the acid-extractable Cd, Pb in soil while increased the residual fractions, meanwhile, the bioavailability of both metal elements declined. Besides, these treatments increased soil enzyme (sucrase, catalase and urease) activity and accelerated pakchoi growth, heavy metal accumulation in pakchoi was depressed upon bacteria and/or biochar application, and a synergistic effect was detected when applying bacteria and biochar together. In BC + G3 and BC + I12 treated plants, the Cd and Pb accumulation decreased by 24.42% and 52.19%, 17.55% and 47.36%, respectively. Overall, our study provides an eco-friendly and promising in situ technology that could be applied in heavy metal remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqiu An
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiulian Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hua
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junkang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Pan B, Wang W, Liu B, Cai K, Tian J, Cai Y. Significant difference in the efficacies of silicon application regimes on cadmium species and environmental risks in rice rhizosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121521. [PMID: 36997144 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is commonly applied as base-fertilizer or foliar-topdressing to palliate the uptake-translocation-accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in rice through Si-Cd antagonism. However, little is known about the fate of Cd in rice rhizosphere soil and its eco-environmental effects under different Si treatments. Here, systematic works had been carried out to elucidate the Cd species, soil properties, and environmental risks in rice rhizosphere driven by different Si soil-fertilization regimes including CK (without Si-addition), TSi (added before transplanting stage), JSi (added at jointing stage), and TJSi (split into two equal parts, added half before transplanting and another half at jointing stage). Results showed that TJSi outperformed the rest of fertilization regimes. The solid-phase-Cd concentrations treated with TSi, TJSi and JSi were increased by 4.18%, 5.73% and 3.41%, respectively, when compared to CK. The labile Cd (F1+F2) proportion of TJSi was reduced by 16.30%, 9.30% and 6.78%, respectively, when compared to CK, TSi, and JSi. Simultaneously, the liquid-phase-Cd concentration was appreciably suppressed by TJSi throughout the rice lifecycle, while TSi mainly abated Cd dissociation during the vegetative period, and JSi attenuated it during the grain-filling stage. The mobility factor of Cd treated with TJSi was the lowest, which was significantly lower than that of TSi (9.30%) and JSi (6.78%), respectively. Similarly, the oral exposure risk of TJSi was reduced by 4.43% and 32.53%; and the food-chain exposure risk of TJSi was decreased by 13.03% and 42.78%. Additionally, TJSi was the most effective in promoting enzyme activities and nutrient content in rhizosphere soil. Overall, TJSi is more positive and sustainable than TSi and JSi in reconstructing Cd-contaminated rhizosphere environments and abating the environmental risks of Cd. Agronomic practices in Cd-contaminated paddy soils can be informed by applying Si-fertilizer separately before transplanting and at jointing stage to achieve soil welfare and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogui Pan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bingquan Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Kunzheng Cai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jihui Tian
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yixia Cai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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12
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Zhang T, Jiku MAS, Li L, Ren Y, Li L, Zeng X, Colinet G, Sun Y, Huo L, Su S. Soil ridging combined with biochar or calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer application: Enhanced interaction with Ca, Fe and Mn in new soil habitat reduces uptake of as and Cd in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121968. [PMID: 37290633 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the bioavailability of both cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in paddy fields is a worldwide challenge. The authors investigated whether ridge cultivation combined with biochar or calcium-magnesium-phosphorus (CMP) fertilizer effectively reduces the accumulation of Cd and As in rice grains. Field trial showed that applying biochar or CMP on the ridges was similar to the continuous flooding, which maintained grain Cd at a low level, but grain As was reduced by 55.6%, 46.8% (IIyou28) and 61.9%, 59.3% (Ruiyou 399). Compared with ridging alone, the application of biochar or CMP decreased grain Cd by 38.7%, 37.8% (IIyou28) and 67.58%, 60.98% (Ruiyou399), and reduced grain As by 38.9%, 26.9% (IIyou28) and 39.7%, 35.5% (Ruiyou 399). Microcosm experiment showed that applying biochar and CMP on the ridges decreased As in soil solution by 75.6% and 82.5%, respectively, and kept Cd at a comparably low level at 0.13-0.15 μg L-1. Aggregated boosted tree (ABT) analysis revealed that ridge cultivation combined with soil amendments altered soil pH, redox state (Eh) and enhanced the interaction of Ca, Fe, Mn with As and Cd, which promoted the concerted reduction of As and Cd bioavailability. Application of biochar on the ridges enhanced the effects of Ca and Mn to maintain a low level of Cd, and enhanced the effects of pH to reduce As in soil solution. Similar to ridging alone, applying CMP on the ridges enhanced the effects of Mn to reduce As in soil solution, and enhanced the effects of pH and Mn to maintain Cd at a low level. Ridging also promoted the association of As with poorly/well-crystalline Fe/Al and the association of Cd on Mn-oxides. This study provides an effective and environmentally friendly method to decrease Cd and As bioavailability in paddy fields and mitigate Cd and As accumulation in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Md Abu Sayem Jiku
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanxin Ren
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xibai Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gilles Colinet
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Lijuan Huo
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Waliu Road No 66, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Shiming Su
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.
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13
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Zeng P, Liu J, Zhou H, Wei B, Gu J, Liao Y, Liao B, Luo X. Co-application of combined amendment (limestone and sepiolite) and Si fertilizer reduces rice Cd uptake and transport through Cd immobilization and Si-Cd antagonism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137859. [PMID: 36649896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Limestone and sepiolite combined amendment (LS) and silicon (Si) fertilizers are commonly applied for the remediation of Cd-polluted paddy soil. However, it is difficult to further decrease cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice grains by the individual application of LS or Si fertilizer to heavily Cd-polluted paddy fields. Two seasons of continuous field experiments were conducted in heavily Cd-polluted soil to study how the co-application of LS and Si fertilizer (namely soil-applied Si and foliar-sprayed Si) influences Cd and Si bioavailability in soil and Cd uptake and transport in rice. The results indicated that LS co-applied with soil-applied Si fertilizer treatments can enhance pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and available Si content in soil by 0.56-1.26 units, 19.3%-57.2%, and 14.7%-58.9% (p < 0.05), respectively, and reduce the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) extractable Cd content in soil by 26.5%-49.8% (p < 0.05) relative to the control. Furthermore, the co-application of LS and soil and foliar-sprayed Si fertilizer treatments reduced the Cd content in brown rice by 18.8%-70.6% (p < 0.05) compared with the control. Particularly, the brown rice Cd content under the co-application treatment (4500 kg/ha of soil applied LS, 90 kg/ha of Si fertilizer, and 0.4 g/L of foliar-sprayed Si fertilizer) was below 0.20 mg/kg in both seasons. Meanwhile, the Si content in rice was considerably enhanced by LS co-applied with Si fertilizer and negatively (p < 0.05) correlated with the rice Cd content. Therefore, the reduction of Cd bioavailability in soil and the antagonistic effect between Cd and Si in rice might be the key factors regulating Cd accumulation in rice via the co-application of LS and Si fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Jiawei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Binyun Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jiaofeng Gu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Ye Liao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Bohan Liao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Xufeng Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
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14
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Liang T, Zhou G, Chang D, Wang Y, Gao S, Nie J, Liao Y, Lu Y, Zou C, Cao W. Co-incorporation of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.), rice straw, and biochar strengthens the mitigation of Cd uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158060. [PMID: 35981578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is becoming a widespread concern because of its threat to global ecosystem health and food security. Co-incorporation of Chinese milk vetch (MV) and rice straw (RS) is a common agricultural practice in Southern China; however, the effects of combining these two materials with biochar on Cd bioavailability remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of MV, RS, rape straw biochar (RB), iron-modified biochar (FB), and their combinations on Cd uptake by rice through incubation and field experiments. The results showed that compared with the control without material input (CK), MV + RS (MR), MV + RS + RB (MRRB), and MV + RS + FB (MRFB) considerably reduced the Cd concentration in brown rice by 61.20 %, 65.38 %, and 62.65 %, respectively. Furthermore, the treatments increased the formation of iron‑manganese plaque (IMP) at different growth stages; MRRB and MRFB exhibited the highest increase rates among the treatments. Quantitatively, the Fe plaque and Mn plaque were increased by 20.61 %-47.23 % and 80.18 %-172.74 %, respectively. Compared with CK, the MRRB and MRFB treatments reduced the soil available Cd by 35.09 %-54.45 % and 38.20 %-50.20 %, respectively, at all stages. This decrease was substantially lower than that observed in the MV, RS, and MR treatments. Similar trends were observed in the incubation experiment. Additionally, the Community Bureau of Reference Sequential Extraction Analysis indicated that the MRRB and MRFB treatments converted the bioavailable Cd fractions into a stable form. Partial least squares path model and redundancy analysis revealed that pH was the major factor influencing Cd bioavailability. This study emphasized that the dual impact factors from the enhancement of Cd passivation capability and IMP formation jointly result in the reduction of Cd uptake by rice. Consequently, the co-incorporation of MV, RS, and biochar is promising for remediating Cd-contaminated paddy soils in Southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guopeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Danna Chang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yikun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Songjuan Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Nie
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yanhong Lu
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chunqin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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15
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Yang J, Liang X, Jiang N, Li Z, Zu Y. Three amendments reduced the bioavailability of heavily contaminated soil with arsenic and cadmium and increased the relative feeding value of Lolium perenne L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157572. [PMID: 35882326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soils heavily contaminated with arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are fully utilized and create economic value by growing forages with high standard limits for heavy metals. In this study, 0.5 %, 1 % and 2 % of applied amounts of lime + ferrous sulfate (LF) and 0.25 %, 0.5 % and 1 % of applied amounts of Fe-modified biochar (MB) and Fe-modified eucalyptus sawdust (MC) were added to As and Cd cocontaminated soil planted with ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The results showed that the amendment-induced changes in soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) contributed to the reduction in soil available Cd, which was maximally reduced by up to 76.7 %, 27.6 % and 25.1 % under the LF, MB and MC applications, respectively. In contrast, the available As content was reduced by a maximum of 25.5 % and 23.7 % under the MB and MC treatments, respectively, while LF did not reduce the available As content of the soil. As uptake by ryegrass was not reduced under the LF treatment, but As and Cd contents in the ryegrass shoot were reduced simultaneously under the MB and MC treatments. The relative forage value of ryegrass was enhanced more by MB and MC than by the LF treatment. The lime and ferrous sulfate components of LF could be immobilized against Cd and As, respectively; by characterizing MB and MC, the more available As and Cd fractions of the soil could be converted to less available fractions by electrostatic attraction, surface precipitation or complexation and redox. These results show that the application of amendments to heavily As and Cd cocontaminated soils in combination with ryegrass cultivation can help reduce the toxicity of As and Cd and increase the RFV, a model that may be a novel solution for heavily contaminated As and Cd cocontaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xinran Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Na Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zuran Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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16
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Green Conversion of Coal Fly Ash into Soil Conditioner: Technological Principle and Process Development. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12030276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
White mud is residue discharged during the acid method in the aluminum extraction process from coal fly ash, and this material is harmful to the environment. The implementation of an environmentally friendly and valuable way to use white mud is a key factor restricting the commercial application of the acid method in the fly ash alumina extraction technology. An analysis of white mud revealed the following: (1) it was highly enriched in SiO2 (70–80%) while concentrations of acid-soluble elements, such as Na, Al, and Fe, and some hazardous heavy metals, including Pb and Cr, were significantly lower than raw fly ash; (2) approximately 80% of SiO2 had relatively high reaction activity because of the foregoing Al-extraction treatment. Through an ingenious green chemical process, the complete conversion of white mud into silicon–calcium fertilizer (SCF) was achieved under very mild reaction conditions (approximately 100 °C and atmospheric pressure). Waste liquor was totally recycled, and no secondary solid waste was generated. The SCF had an available silicon content (ASC) of 35%, significantly higher than the commercial standard (20%). Converting them into soil conditioners or ecological remediation materials with the lowest possible energy consumption and secondary pollution may be the most promising approach for the future disposal of aluminosilicate industrial solid wastes.
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