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Jia H, Lan G, Li X, Chen L, Feng L, Mao X. Rapid and simultaneous detection of cadmium and mercury in foods based on solid sampling integrated electrothermal vaporization technique. Food Chem 2024; 457:140087. [PMID: 38917568 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This work presents an innovative solid sampling (SS) integrated electrothermal vaporization (ETV) approach for simultaneous determination of Cd and Hg based on differentiated elemental vaporization and transportation behavior characteristics. A miniature N2/H2 generator, only consuming electricity and H2O, was utilized to yield reducing atmosphere for Cd vaporization; MgO filler was modified to absorb matrix interferent and keep Hg and Cd transportation via 1st catalytic pyrolysis furnace (CPF); and a gearing was employed to move 2nd CPF to receive and trap (amalgamation) the vaporized Hg from ETV and then thermo-release them for simultaneous detection. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection of Cd and Hg reached 0.02-0.04 ng/g using 0.4 g sample size. The linearities (R2) exceeded 0.998 and recoveries were 85.0-111.9%, indicating favorable analysis precision and accuracy within ∼3 min without sample digestion process. The proposed HgCd analyzer is suitable for rapid monitoring food with simplicity, green and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Jia
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guanyu Lan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Feng
- R&D Department, Changsha Kaiyuan Hongsheng Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China.
| | - Xuefei Mao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Rafiq M, Shahid M, Bibi I, Khalid S, Tariq TZ, Al-Kahtani AA, ALOthman ZA, Murtaza B, Niazi NK. Role of organic and inorganic amendments on physiological attributes of germinating pea seedlings under arsenic stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024; 26:1243-1252. [PMID: 38265045 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2305684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
There are scarce data regarding the effects of soil amendments on biophysicochemical responses of plants at the early stages of growth/germination. This study critically compares the effects of ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic-acid (EDTA) and calcium (Ca) on biophysicochemical responses of germinating pea seedlings under varied arsenic levels (As, 25, 125, 250 µM). Arsenic alone enhanced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level in pea roots (176%) and shoot (89%), which significantly reduced seed germination percentage, pigment contents, and growth parameters. Presence of EDTA and Ca in growth culture minimized the toxic effects of As on pea seedlings, EDTA being more pertinent than Ca. Both the amendments decreased H2O2 levels in pea tissues (16% in shoot and 13% in roots by EDTA, and 7% by Ca in shoot), and maintained seed germination, pigment contents, and growth parameters of peas close to those of the control treatment. The effects of all As-treatments were more pronounced in the pea roots than in the shoot. The presence of organic and inorganic amendments can play a useful role in alleviating As toxicity at the early stages of pea growth. The scarcity of data demands comparing plant biophysicochemical responses at different stages of plant growth (germinating vs mature) in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rafiq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | | | - Abdullah A Al-Kahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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3
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Wang Q, Zhou Q, Feng Y, Yang X. Foliar application protected vegetable against poisonous element cadmium and mitigated human health risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171915. [PMID: 38522551 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Foliar application has been reported as an effective method to facilitate plant growth and mitigate cadmium (Cd) accumulation. However, the application of foliar fertilizers on plant production, Cd uptake and health risks of Solanaceae family remains unknown. In this study, four foliar fertilizers were applied to investigate their effects on the production, Cd accumulation and human health risk assessment of two varieties of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), respectively. Compared with CK, the foliar application increased vegetable production to 104.16 %-123.70 % in peppers, and 100.83 %-105.17 % in eggplants, accordingly. The application of foliar fertilizers largely decreased Cd TF (transportation factor) by up to 23.32 % in JY, 18.37 % in GJ of pepper varieties, and up to 14.47 % in ZL, 15.24 % in HGR of eggplant varieties. Moreover, Cd BAF (bioaccumulation factor) also declined to different extents after the application of foliar fertilizers. As for human health risk assessments, foliar application diminished the hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of both pepper and eggplant varieties. The results concluded that the application of composed foliar fertilizers was most effective, and could be a promising alternative for the improvement of vegetable production and mitigation of vegetable Cd accumulation and human health risks as well. The results further highlighted the understanding of foliar fertilizer application on vegetable production and health risks, which benefited better vegetable safe production and further guaranteed human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- College of Ecology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiyao Zhou
- Management Committee of Yancheng Economic and Technological Development Zone, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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Yang W, Zhang L, Gao B, Liu X, Duan X, Wang C, Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang L. Integrated assessment of potentially toxic elements in soil of the Kangdian metallogenic province: A two-point machine learning approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116248. [PMID: 38579531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of potentially toxic elements in soil poses significant risks to ecosystems and human well-being due to their inherent toxicity, widespread presence, and persistence. The Kangdian metallogenic province, famous for its iron-copper deposits, faces soil pollution challenges due to various potentially toxic elements. This study explored a comprehensive approach that combinescombines the spatial prediction by the two-point machine learning method and ecological-health risk assessment to quantitatively assess the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (PERI), the total hazard index (THI) and the total carcinogenic risk (TCR). The proportions of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) concentrations exceeding the risk screening values (RSVs) were 15.03%, 5.1%, 3.72%, 1.24%, 1.1%, and 0.13%, respectively, across the 725 collected samples. Spatial prediction revealed elevated levels of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, mercury (Hg), and Mn near the mining sites. Potentially toxic elements exert a slight impact on soil, some regions exhibit moderate to significant ecological risk, particularly in the southwest. Children face higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks compared to adults. Mercury poses the highest ecological risk, while chromium (Cr) poses the greatest health hazard for all populations. Oral ingestion represents the highest non-oncogenic and oncogenic risks in all age groups. Adults faced acceptable non-carcinogenic risks. Children in the southwest region confront higher health risks, both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic, from mining activities. Urgent measures are vital to mitigate Hg and Cr contamination while promoting handwashing practices is essential to minimize health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantao Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Ministry of Natural Resources, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650111, China; Technology Innovation Center for Natural Ecosystem Carbon Sink, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming 650111, China
| | - Liankai Zhang
- Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650111, China; Technology Innovation Center for Natural Ecosystem Carbon Sink, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming 650111, China
| | - Bingbo Gao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Ministry of Natural Resources, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Technology Innovation Center for Natural Ecosystem Carbon Sink, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming 650111, China.
| | - Xingwu Duan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chenyi Wang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650111, China; Technology Innovation Center for Natural Ecosystem Carbon Sink, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming 650111, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650111, China; Technology Innovation Center for Natural Ecosystem Carbon Sink, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming 650111, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Ministry of Natural Resources, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Ahmed Khan B, Ahmad M, Bolan N, Farooqi A, Iqbal S, Mickan B, Solaiman ZM, Siddique KHM. A mechanistic approach to arsenic adsorption and immobilization in aqueous solution, groundwater, and contaminated paddy soil using pine-cone magnetic biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:117922. [PMID: 38151150 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) poisoning in groundwater and rice paddy soil has increased globally, impacting human health and food security. There is an urgent need to deal with As-contaminated groundwater and soil. Biochar can be a useful remedy for toxic contaminants. This study explains the synthesis of pinecone-magnetic biochar (PC-MBC) by engineering the pinecone-pristine biochar with iron salts (FeCl3.6H2O and FeSO4.7H2O) to investigate its effects on As(V) adsorption and immobilization in water and soil, respectively. The results indicated that PC-MBC can remediate As(V)-contaminated water, with an adsorption capacity of 12.14 mg g-1 in water. Isotherm and kinetic modeling showed that the adsorption mechanism involved multilayer, monolayer, and diffusional processes, with chemisorption operating as the primary interface between As(V) and biochar. Post-adsorption analysis of PC-MBC, using FTIR and XRD, further revealed chemical fixing and outer-sphere complexation between As(V) and Fe, O, NH, and OH as the main reasons for As(V) adsorption onto PC-MBC. Recycling of PC-MBC also had excellent adsorption even after several regeneration cycles. Similarly, PC-MBC successfully immobilized As in paddy soil. Single and sequential extraction results showed the transformation of mobile forms of As to a more stable form, confirmed by non-destructive analysis using SEM, EDX, and elemental dot mapping. Thus, Fe-modified pine-cone biochar could be a suitable and cheap adsorbent for As-contaminated water and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basit Ahmed Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Mahtab Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Abida Farooqi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Iqbal
- Department of Nuclear & Quantum Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291-Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Bede Mickan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Zakaria M Solaiman
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
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Mondal R, Majumdar A, Sarkar S, Goswami C, Joardar M, Das A, Mukhopadhyay PK, Roychowdhury T. An extensive review of arsenic dynamics and its distribution in soil-aqueous-rice plant systems in south and Southeast Asia with bibliographic and meta-data analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141460. [PMID: 38364927 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are affected by arsenic (As) contamination, particularly in South and Southeast Asian countries, where large-scale dependence on the usage of As-contaminated groundwater in drinking and irrigation is a familiar practice. Rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation is commonly done in South and Southeast Asian countries as a preferable crop which takes up more As than any other cereals. The present article has performed a scientific meta-data analysis and extensive bibliometric analysis to demonstrate the research trend in global rice As contamination scenario in the timeframe of 1980-2023. This study identified that China contributes most with the maximum number of publications followed by India, USA, UK and Bangladesh. The two words 'arsenic' and 'rice' have been identified as the most dominant keywords used by the authors, found through co-occurrence cluster analysis with author keyword association study. The comprehensive perceptive attained about the factors affecting As load in plant tissue and the nature of the micro-environment augment the contamination of rice cultivars in the region. This extensive review analyses soil parameters through meta-data regression assessment that influence and control As dynamics in soil with its further loading into rice grains and presents that As content and OM are inversely related and slightly correlated to the pH increment of the soil. Additionally, irrigation and water management practices have been found as a potential modulator of soil As concentration and bioavailability, presented through a linear fit with 95% confidence interval method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubia Mondal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- Divison of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, Narendrapur, Kolkata, India
| | - Chandrima Goswami
- Department of Environmental Studies, Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata, India
| | - Madhurima Joardar
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Antara Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Li A, Kong L, Peng C, Feng W, Zhang Y, Guo Z. Predicting Cd accumulation in rice and identifying nonlinear effects of soil nutrient elements based on machine learning methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168721. [PMID: 38008332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The spatial mismatch of Cd content in soil and rice causes difficulties in environmental management for paddy soil. To investigate the influence of soil environment on the accumulation of Cd in rice grain, we conducted a paired field sampling in the middle of the Xiangjiang River basin, examining the relationships between soil properties, soil nutrient elements, Cd content, plant uptake factor (PUFCd), and translocation factors in different rice organs (root, shoot, and grain). The total soil Cd (CdT) and available Cd (CdA) contents and PUFCd showed large spatial variability with ranges of 0.31-6.19 mg/kg, 0.03-3.07 mg/kg, and 0.02-3.51, respectively. Soil pH, CdT, CdA, and the contents of soil nutrient elements (Mg, Mn, Ca, P, Si, and B) were linearly correlated with grain Cd content (Cdg) and PUFCd. The decision tree analysis identified nonlinear effects of Si, Zn and Fe on rice Cd accumulation, which suggested that low Si and high Zn led to high Cdg, and low Si and Fe caused high PUFCd. Using the soil nutrient elements as predictor variables, random forest models successfully predicted the Cdg and PUFCd and performed better than multiple linear regressions. It suggested the impacts of soil nutrient elements on rice Cd accumulation should receive more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxue Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Linglan Kong
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Wenli Feng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Hussain MM, Niazi NK, Bibi I, Ali F, Al-Misned F, Hussain K, Shahid M, Rehman A, Wang H. Unveiling the significance of foliar-applied silicon, selenium and phosphorus for the management and remediation of arsenic in two different rice genotypes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024; 26:294-303. [PMID: 37493366 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2240448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Under paddy soil conditions, rice plants are vulnerable to arsenic (As) accumulation, thus causing potential threat to human health. Here we investigated the influence of foliar-applied phosphorus (P: 10 and 20 mg L-1), silicon (Si: 0.6 and 1.5 g L-1) and selenium (Se: 5 and 10 mg L-1) on As accumulation, morphological and physiological attributes of two contrasting rice genotypes (KSK-133 and Super Basmati) under As stress (25 mg kg-1 as arsenate). Silicon foliar dressing significantly (p < 0.05) reduced grain As uptake (up to 67%) and improved rice growth and chlorophyll content (28-66%) in both rice genotypes over their controls. Phosphorus foliar application resulted in a notable decrease (17%) in grain As uptake of coarse rice genotype (KSK-133), while it slightly increased grain As uptake in the fine one (Super Basmati; 6%) compared to controls. However, foliar-applied Se did not show significant effects on rice plants growth attributes and As uptake in both genotypes. Similarly, biochemical and enzymatic attributes (i.e., lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, peroxidase and catalase) were improved with Si application in rice plants, except for P treatment that was only effective for coarse one. Foliar-applied Si also resulted in reduced cancer risk and hazard quotient (< 0.10) for both rice genotypes. This study advances our understanding on critical role of different foliar-applied nutrients and rice genotypes, which is imperative to develop effective As remediation and management strategies in coarse and fine rice genotypes and protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mahroz Hussain
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali
- Centre of Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan Campus (4111), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (QDAF), Mareeba (4880), QLD, Australia
| | - Fahad Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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Naqvi SNH, Bibi I, Niazi NK, Tahseen R, Al-Misned F, Shahid M, Naqvi SA, Ashraf W, Shabir G, Iqbal S, Ali F, Afzal M. Exploring the potential of bacterial-augmented floating treatment wetlands for the remediation of detergent-contaminated water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:882-893. [PMID: 37933838 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2275725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to industrialization and urbanization, the use of detergents inadvertently led to contamination of aquatic environments, thus posing potential threat to aquatic organisms and human health. One of the main components of detergents is linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), which can cause toxic effects on living organisms, particularly aquatic life in the environment. In this study, floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) mesocosms were developed and augmented with LAS-degrading bacteria. The plant species, Brachiaria mutica (Para grass), was vegetated to establish FTWs and bacterial consortium (1:1:1:1) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PJRS20, Bacillus sp. BRRH60, Acinetobacter sp. strain CYRH21, and Burkholderia phytofirmans Ps.JN was augmented (free or immobilized) in these mesocosms. Results revealed that the FTWs removed LAS from the contaminated water and their augmentation with bacteria slightly increased LAS removal during course of the experiment. Maximum reduction in LAS concentration (94%), chemical oxygen demand (91%), biochemical oxygen demand (93%), and total organic carbon (91%) was observed in the contaminated water having FTWs augmented with bacterial consortium immobilized on polystyrene sheet. This study highlights that the FTWs supported with immobilized bacteria on polystyrene sheets can provide an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for the remediation of LAS-bearing water, especially for developing countries like Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Najaf Hasan Naqvi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Razia Tahseen
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ghulam Shabir
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samina Iqbal
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan Campus (4111), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba (4880), QLD, Australia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Jiao W, Li Z, Li R, Guo J, Hou X, Zhang X, Wang F. In Situ Toxicity Reduction and Food Safety Assessment of Pak Choi ( Brassica campestris L.) in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil by Jointly Using Alkaline Passivators and Organic Fertilizer. TOXICS 2023; 11:824. [PMID: 37888675 PMCID: PMC10610932 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
An economical and effective method is still lacking for cadmium (Cd) toxicity reduction and food product safety improvement in soil-vegetable systems. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce the Cd toxicity to pak choi (Brassica campestris L.) by jointly using passivators and organic fertilizer, highlighting food products' safety based on pot experiments. The results showed that compared with the control, organic fertilizer decreased the Cd content in edible parts and the soil's available Cd by 48.4% and 20.9% on average, respectively, due to the 0.15-unit increases in soil pH. Once jointly applied with passivators, the decrements increased by 52.3-72.6% and 32.5-52.6% for the Cd content in edible parts and for the soil's available Cd, respectively, while the pH increment increased by 0.15-0.46 units. Compared with the control, the transport factor of Cd was reduced by 61.9% and 50.9-55.0% when applying organic fertilizer alone and together with the passivators, respectively. The combination treatment of biochar and organic fertilizer performed the best in decreasing the Cd content in the edible parts and the soil's available Cd. The combination treatment of fish bone meal and organic fertilizer induced the greatest increases in soil pH. The grey relational analysis results showed that the combination treatment of biochar and organic fertilizer performed the best in reducing the potential Cd pollution risk, thereby highlighting the vegetable food safety. This study provides a potential economical and effective technology for toxicity reduction and food safety in Cd-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China;
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ruiping Li
- School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University Rizhao Campus, Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Jiafeng Guo
- Qingdao Hairun Water Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiaoshu Hou
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fangli Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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11
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Navaretnam R, Hassan HN, Isa NM, Aris AZ, Looi LJ. Metal(loid) Analysis of Commercial Rice from Malaysia using ICP-MS: Potential Health Risk Evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:87695-87720. [PMID: 37423935 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a predominant staple food in many countries. It is a great source of energy but can also accumulate toxic and trace metal(loid)s from the environment and pose serious health hazards to consumers if overdosed. This study aims to determine the concentration of toxic metal(loid)s [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni)] and essential metal(loid)s [iron (Fe), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co)] in various types of commercially available rice (basmati, glutinous, brown, local whites, and fragrant rice) in Malaysia, and to assess the potential human health risk. Rice samples were digested following the USEPA 3050B acid digestion method and the concentrations of metal(loid)s were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mean concentrations (mg/kg as dry weight) of metal(loid)s (n=45) across all rice types were found in the order of Fe (41.37)>Cu (6.51)>Cr (1.91)>Ni (0.38)>As (0.35)>Se (0.07)>Cd (0.03)>Co (0.02). Thirty-three percent and none of the rice samples surpassed, respectively, the FAO/WHO recommended limits of As and Cd. This study revealed that rice could be a primary exposure pathway to toxic metal(loid)s, leading to either noncarcinogenic or carcinogenic health problems. The non-carcinogenic health risk was mainly associated with As which contributed 63% to the hazard index followed by Cr (34%), Cd (2%), and Ni (1%). The carcinogenic risk to adults was high (>10-4) for As, Cr, Cd, and Ni. The cancer risk (CR) for each element was 5 to 8 times higher than the upper limit of cancer risk for an environmental carcinogen (<10-4). The findings from this study could provide the metal(loid)s pollution status of various types of rice which are beneficial to relevant authorities in addressing food safety and security-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raneesha Navaretnam
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hadirah Nasuha Hassan
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorain Mohd Isa
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Ley Juen Looi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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12
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Ning X, Wang S, Long S, Dong Y, Li L, Nan Z. Temporal distribution and accumulation pattern of cadmium and arsenic in the actual field calcareous soil-maize system, northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162012. [PMID: 36737027 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The contrasting chemical behaviors of two toxic elements, arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in co-contamination calcareous soil and its absorption by crops have not been thoroughly explored, especially in the implementation of the measure of prohibiting the use of wastewater to irrigate farmland. We propose that the present environmental characteristics of ecologically fragile areas and appropriate restoration measures are critical determinant of soil remediation. In this study, the typical field farmland irrigated by industrial and domestic wastewater in the Chinese Loess Plateau for >50 years was selected. The results showed that after the sewage irrigation was stopped, the mean contents of Cd (7.09 mg/kg) and As (13.47 mg/kg) in the soil were still rising, which might be a potential input source. The average values of soil risk indices such as the potential ecological risk (PERI = 2394), pollution load index (PLI > 4 for 60 % of studied samples), and degree of contamination (Dc = 86.6) showed severe soil pollution in the study area. The decrease of soil pH, the loss of soil texture and calcium carbonate were found to be the reasons for the high chemical activity of Cd. The bioconcentration factors (< 0.2) and translocation factor (> 1.0) of Cd indicate that corn is an excluder plant and an ideal phytoremediation method. Thus, 20 % of studied samples were higher than maximum permitted levels of Cd in grain, indicating potential related health hazards. On the contrary, As was mainly adsorbed in calcareous soil, and its bioavailability was lower compared with Cd. The difference between DTPA extraction and sequential extraction may be due to the transformation of chemical forms, resulting in unstable fractions increased the bioavailability of toxic elements. Overall, the findings provide new insights for solutions to manage and repair farmlands under the post-wastewater irrigation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ning
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengli Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Song Long
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinwen Dong
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Longrui Li
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongren Nan
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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13
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Ozturk I, Ozkul F, Topuz E. The effect of polystyrene microplastic and biosolid application on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium for Enchytraeus crypticus. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 19:489-500. [PMID: 35932184 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastics smaller than 5 mm that end up in a soil environment are known as microplastics (MPs). Microplastics have become a common contaminant in agricultural areas in addition to metals. However, the effect of cadmium (Cd) on soil organisms has not been clearly defined in the presence of MPs. In addition to MPs, biosolid application as a soil amendment in agricultural lands is also leading to shifts in soil conditions, such as the concentrations of nutrients and organic matter. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cd for Enchytraeus crypticus in the presence of polystyrene (PS)-MPs and biosolids to provide insight into their possible interactions. The lethal toxic concentration (LC50) for Cd was higher than 650 mg Cd/kg dry soil for all conditions. The presence of PS-MPs increased the toxicity of Cd for which EC50 was 102 and 38 mg Cd/kg dry soil without and with Cd, respectively, which may be the result of an increased exposure rate through adsorption of Cd on PS-MPs. On the contrary, the presence of biosolids decreased the toxicity of Cd where EC50 was 193 and 473 mg Cd/kg dry soil for the sets applied with 0.6 and 0.9 g biosolids, respectively. Coexistence of biosolids and PS-MPs decreased the reproduction toxicity of Cd, which is similar to the biosolid effect (EC50 is 305 mg Cd/kg dry soil). Bioaccumulation of Cd only positively correlated with its initial concentration in soil and was not affected by the presence of PS-MPs or biosolids. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:489-500. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Ozturk
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ozkul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Emel Topuz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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14
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Liu Y, Zhou J, Sun D, Chen H, Qin J, Chen G, Qiu R. Polyaspartic acid assisted-phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated farmland: Phytoextraction efficiency, soil quality, and rhizosphere microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160736. [PMID: 36493821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is highly toxic and one of the most dangerous metal pollutants in soil, and poses a serious threat to human health through soil-crop-food chain transmission. Polyaspartic acid (PASP) is a biodegradable additive that is environment-friendly compared to traditional chelating agents. Current studies have explored its effect on auxiliary phytoextraction at a laboratory scale; however, the method is still rarely reported at the field scale. Therefore, this study used two ecotypes of Pennisetum sinese in a field experiment for 3 years in Jiaoxi Township, Liuyang City, Hunan Province, China, to understand the effect of PASP on the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil and soil quality through long-term field studies. Moreover, because the soil microbial community responds well to the phytoremediation effect of heavy metal (including Cd)-contaminated soil, the changes in rhizosphere soil microbial community diversity and composition were analyzed. After 2 years of PASP-enhanced phytoremediation, the PASP application increased the total Cd reduction in soil by 237 % and 255 %, and the soil DTPA-extractable Cd content decreased to 0.092 and 0.087 mg kg-1. When the application of PASP ceased in the third year, the two ecotypes of P. sinese obtained after harvest could achieve feed safety. Our study showed that the application of PASP could significantly increase the Cd extraction capacity and shoot biomass of P. sinese, and maintain soil health by optimizing the composition and structure of rhizosphere bacterial communities. The rhizosphere bacterial community structure was improved and dominated by Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi at the phylum level, and the increased abundance of Acetobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas at the genus level may promote heavy metal detoxification in soil, plant growth, and phytoremediation. Long-term field monitoring demonstrated that the low-cost and eco-friendly features of PASP made it a good candidate for enhancing phytoextraction efficiency and regulating soil microbial communities for remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Daolin Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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15
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Shaheen SM, Chen HY, Song H, Rinklebe J, Hseu ZY. Release and mobilization of Ni, Co, and Cr under dynamic redox changes in a geogenic contaminated soil: Assessing the potential risk in serpentine paddy environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158087. [PMID: 35981572 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The release dynamics and mobilization of geogenic Ni, Co, and Cr in serpentine paddy soils under fluctuating redox conditions have not yet been well studied. Here we investigated the release dynamics of Cr, Co, and Ni and controlling factors (e.g., Fe, Mn, Mg, Cl-, PO43-, SO42-, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) in a geogenic-contaminated serpentine soil under wide range of redox potential (EH) changes. The effects of re-oxidation process have been also investigated. The soil was incubated for 28 days and EH was controlled from oxidation (+200 mV) to reduction (-200 mV) and re-oxidation (+240 mV) using a microcosm setup in duplicates. The slurry pH increased, along with decreasing EH. The average concentration of dissolved Co (17.1-23.6 μg L-1) decreased under low EH/high pH and vice versa. The average concentration of dissolved Cr decreased sharply from 624 μg L-1 to 54.4 μg L-1 with decreasing EH from +200 mV to 0 mV and the associated increase of pH from 7.8 to 8.5; then, it was constant around 24.5 μg L-1. Concentration of dissolved Ni was lower (73.5-84.6 μg L-1) under high EH at the first week of incubation; then, increased to 108.5 μg L-1 under low EH (-200 mV); thereafter, increased more at the end up to 124.5 μg L-1 at high EH (+240 mV), because of the pH decrease. A factor analysis identified that Cr and Co formed one group with Mn and Mg, while Ni was clustered together with Cl-, DOC, and SO42-. This indicates that the redox-induced release dynamic of Cr and Co was mainly governed by MnMg compounds, while the release of Ni was mainly affected by the aliphatic compounds of DOC and the redox chemistry of chlorides and sulfur in this soil. The re-oxidation increased the mobilization of Ni and Co and did not affect the release of Cr. These findings suggest that the redox-induced mobilization of geogenic Co, Ni, and Cr from soil to water in serpentine rice soils should be considered due to the high solubility and thus the associated bioavailability and potential environmental and human health risks, when such metal-enriched soils will be used for agricultural flood-dry cycle systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zeng-Yei Hseu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Sarkar MIU, Shahriar S, Naidu R, Rahman MM. Concentrations of potentially toxic and essential trace elements in marketed rice of Bangladesh: exposure and health risks. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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