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Dolkar P, Sharma M, Modeel S, Yadav S, Siwach S, Bharti M, Yadav P, Lata P, Negi T, Negi RK. Challenges and effective tracking down strategies of antibiotic contamination in aquatic ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34806-5. [PMID: 39254807 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
A growing environmental concern revolves around the widespread use of medicines, particularly antibiotics, which adversely impact water quality and various life forms. The unregulated production and utilization of antibiotics not only affect non-targeted organisms but also exert significant evolutionary pressures, leading to the rapid development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial communities. To address this issue, global studies have been conducted to assess the prevalence and quantities of antibiotics in various environmental components including freshwater, ocean, local sewage, and fish. These studies aim to establish effective analytical methods for identifying and measuring antibiotic residues in environmental matrices that might enable authorities to establish norms for the containment and disposal of antibiotics. This article offers a comprehensive overview of methods used to extract antibiotics from environmental matrices exploring purification techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, green extraction techniques, and concentration methods like lyophilization and rotary evaporation. It further highlights qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography-tandem along with analytical methods such as UV-Vis and tandem mass spectrometry for detecting and measuring antibiotics. Urgency is underscored for proactive strategies to curb antibiotic contamination, safeguarding the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and public health on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Dolkar
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
- Present Address: Gargi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110049, India
| | - Sonakshi Modeel
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sheetal Yadav
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sneha Siwach
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Meghali Bharti
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pushp Lata
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tarana Negi
- Government College, Dujana, Jhajjar, Haryana, 124102, India
| | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India.
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Xu F, Zhang Z, Shi Q, Zhang R, Sun A, Zhao J, Wu Y, Shi X. Rapid determination and risk evaluation of multi-class antibiotics in aquatic products by one-step purification process coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 277:126421. [PMID: 38876032 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
A sensitive and robust multiclass analytical method was established to simultaneously determine 55 antibiotics in aquatic products through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A simple one-step purification process was successfully developed, which combined post-acidic acetonitrile extraction directly by an enhanced matrix removal cartridge. This approach eliminated the need for solvent transition. The established method for 55 antibiotics achieved an excellent linear relationship with R2 values ≥ 0.9921 in the range of 0.05-200 μg/L. The quantitation limits ranged within 0.04-5.0 μg/kg. Satisfactory recoveries (76.2%-99.7 %) were achieved with the relative standard deviations below 13.9 %. Furthermore, the antibiotic residues in aquatic products were analyzed, and the health and antibiotic resistance risk assessments were conducted. Although the health risks of target antibiotics were acceptable, a resistance risk was observed. Therefore, monitoring antibiotic residue levels in aquatic products requires considerable attention and further research to ensure the quality of marine products and consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Zeming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Qiangqiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Aili Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, 315040, PR China
| | - Yinliang Wu
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, 315040, PR China.
| | - Xizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China.
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Dessì F, Varoni MV, Baralla E, Nieddu M, Pasciu V, Piras G, Lorenzoni G, Demontis MP. Contaminants of Emerging Concern: Antibiotics Research in Mussels from the Coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea (Sardinia, Italy). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1205. [PMID: 38672353 PMCID: PMC11047641 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are compounds found in several environmental compartments whose ubiquitous presence can cause toxicity for the entire ecosystem. Several personal care products, including antibiotics, have entered this group of compounds, constituting a major global threat. It is essential to develop simple and reliable methods by which to quantify these contaminants in several matrices. In this work, mussels were chosen as sentinel organisms to assess environmental pollution and the safety of bivalve mollusk consumption according to the "One Health perspective". A liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the quantification of two macrolides, erythromycin (ERY) and azithromycin (AZI), in mussels. This new method was validated according to international guidelines, showing high selectivity, good recoveries (>60% for both of them), sensitivity, and precision. The method was successfully applied for ERY and AZI research in mussels farmed along the Sardinian coasts (Italy), demonstrating itself to be useful for routine analysis by competent authorities. The tested macrolides were not determined in the analyzed sites at concentrations above the limits of detection (LODs). These results demonstrate the food safety of mussels (as concerns the studied antibiotics) and a negligible amount of pollution derived from these drugs in the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Dessì
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.); (M.V.V.); (V.P.); (M.P.D.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Varoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.); (M.V.V.); (V.P.); (M.P.D.)
| | - Elena Baralla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.); (M.V.V.); (V.P.); (M.P.D.)
| | - Maria Nieddu
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Valeria Pasciu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.); (M.V.V.); (V.P.); (M.P.D.)
| | - Gabriella Piras
- Veterinary Public Health Institute of Sardinia, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuseppa Lorenzoni
- Veterinary Public Health Institute of Sardinia, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Maria Piera Demontis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.D.); (M.V.V.); (V.P.); (M.P.D.)
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Wei C, Wang Y, Zhang R, Liu F, Zhang ZE, Wang J, Yu K. Spatiotemporal distribution and potential risks of antibiotics in coastal water of Beibu Gulf, South China Sea: Livestock and poultry emissions play essential effect. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133550. [PMID: 38290337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics have been the subject of much attention in recent years due to their widespread use and the potential ecological risks and resistance risks. In this study, we conducted an extensive survey of 19 antibiotics in a wide range of waters of the Beibu Gulf during summer and winter (154 samples). The total concentrations of the 19 antibiotics (Σ19ABs, ng/L) were significantly higher in winter (n.d.-364) than in summer (n.d.-70.1) and were mainly concentrated in areas of seagoing rivers (1.50-364). The primary route for antibiotics entering Beibu Gulf was through riverine input. Precisely, florfenicol (FF) (n.d.-278 ng/L) discharged from livestock and poultry farms upstream of Nanliu River, predominantly in swine farming, constitutes the main pollutant in Beibu Gulf throughout the year. The Nanliu River (988 kg/a) accounts for 85% of the gulf's total annual antibiotic emission flux. Source analysis identified livestock and poultry farming, particularly swine farming, as the primary pollution source, contributing 58% in summer. Risk assessment reveals that algae (0.51 ± 0.56) exhibited relatively high sensitivity to antibiotics, presenting a medium-high risk at specific sites in Nanliu River during winter. Additionally, FF discharged from swine farming demonstrates a certain level of antibiotic resistance risk. Therefore, reinforcing control measures for antibiotic discharges from livestock and poultry farming, especially upstream of Nanliu River, can effectively mitigate antibiotic-related risks in the water bodies of Beibu Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoshuai Wei
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Institute of Green and Low Carbon Technology, Guangxi Institute of Industrial Technology, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zheng-En Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingzhen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Bubei Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
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Hu K, Li L, Han P, Zhu W, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Zhang S. Preparation and evaluation of a tryptophan based hypercrosslinked porous polymer as an efficient adsorbent for pipette tip solid-phase extraction of sulfonamides. Food Chem 2024; 435:137536. [PMID: 37776656 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel tryptophan-based porous polymer is designed and synthesized via a facile one-step hypercrosslinking polymerization process, and applied as sorbent for extraction of trace sulfonamides in foodstuffs. The developed polymer has high surface area, large conjugate system, and abundant functional groups (e.g., π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and electrostatic attraction interactions), which endow it with superior affinity and high adsorption capacity for sulfonamides (16.16-59.29 mg g-1). The optimized SPE method is coupled with HPLC-DAD to create a sensitive and efficient protocol that provides good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9979), low limits of detection, satisfactory recoveries (92.5-109.5 %) and high precisions (RSDs < 8.24). In addition, the newly proposed method greatly reduces the amount of adsorbent (2.0 mg) and organic solvent (2.0 mL) used. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and simulation calculations studies further reveal the presence of monolayer adsorption, chemical adsorption process, and multiple interactions. Thus, this work presents a polymer capable of multiple interactions for the pretreatment of trace sulfonamides in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Lixin Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Pengzhao Han
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Weixia Zhu
- Zhengzhou Customs District, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for Modern Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Li Z, Jin Y, Wang X, Xu L, Teng L, Fu K, Li B, Li Y, Huang Y, Ma N, Cui F, Chai T. Health Risk Assessment of Antibiotic Pollutants in Large Yellow Croakers from Zhejiang Aquaculture Sites. Foods 2023; 13:31. [PMID: 38201059 PMCID: PMC10778301 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intensive aquaculture combatting the decline of large yellow croaker populations can trigger bacterial outbreaks, resulting in extensive antibiotic use. In this study, we screened 5 aquaculture sites in the coastal areas of Zhejiang and identified 17 antibiotics in large yellow croakers using UPLC-MS/MS. The distribution and occurrence of antibiotic pollutants were different in the different tissues of large yellow croakers, being primarily dominated by quinolones. Relatively higher average residue levels of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were detected in the inedible parts, specifically the gills (37.29 μg/kg). Meanwhile, relatively high average residue levels of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were also found in the edible parts, particularly in the muscle (23.18 μg/kg). We observed that the residue levels detected in the swim bladder exceeded the prescribed limit for fish muscle, but there is currently no specific regulatory limit established for this particular tissue. Despite the HI values of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin being below 0.01, the health risks should not be disregarded. The findings of this research provide significant practical implications for assessing antibiotic contamination and enhancing the risk management of coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Li
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.L.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.X.); (L.T.)
| | - Yinyin Jin
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.L.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.X.); (L.T.)
| | - Xingyu Wang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.L.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.X.); (L.T.)
| | - Liudong Xu
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.L.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.X.); (L.T.)
| | - Liyan Teng
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.L.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.X.); (L.T.)
| | - Kang Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (K.F.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Baoling Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (K.F.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Yulu Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (K.F.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Ying Huang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China; (Y.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Ning Ma
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China; (Y.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Feng Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (K.F.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Tingting Chai
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.L.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.X.); (L.T.)
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Ivorra L, Cardoso PG, Chan SK, Cruzeiro C, Tagulao K. Quantification of insecticides in commercial seafood sold in East Asian markets: risk assessment for consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34585-34597. [PMID: 36515882 PMCID: PMC10017608 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extraction of 21 insecticides and 5 metabolites was performed using an optimized and validated QuEChERS protocol that was further used for the quantification (GC-MS/MS) in several seafood matrices (crustaceans, bivalves, and fish-mudskippers). Seven species, acquired from Hong Kong and Macao wet markets (a region so far poorly monitored), were selected based on their commercial importance in the Indo-Pacific region, market abundance, and affordable price. Among them, mussels from Hong Kong, together with mudskippers from Macao, presented the highest insecticide concentrations (median values of 30.33 and 23.90 ng/g WW, respectively). Residual levels of fenobucarb, DDTs, HCHs, and heptachlors were above the established threshold (10 ng/g WW) for human consumption according to the European and Chinese legislations: for example, in fish-mudskippers, DDTs, fenobucarb, and heptachlors (5-, 20- and tenfold, respectively), and in bivalves, HCHs (fourfold) had higher levels than the threshold. Risk assessment revealed potential human health effects (e.g., neurotoxicity), especially through fish and bivalve consumption (non-carcinogenic risk; ΣHQLT > 1), and a potential concern of lifetime cancer risk development through the consumption of fish, bivalves, and crustaceans collected from these markets (carcinogenic risk; ΣTCR > 10-4). Since these results indicate polluted regions, where the seafood is collected/produced, a strict monitoring framework should be implemented in those areas to improve food quality and safety of seafood products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ivorra
- Institute of Science and Environment, ISE—University of Saint Joseph, Macao, SAR China
| | - Patricia G. Cardoso
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Shek Kiu Chan
- Institute of Science and Environment, ISE—University of Saint Joseph, Macao, SAR China
| | - Catarina Cruzeiro
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, GmbH, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karen Tagulao
- Institute of Science and Environment, ISE—University of Saint Joseph, Macao, SAR China
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