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Gutierrez MP, Zuidema P, Mirsaeidi M, Campos M, Kumar N. Association between African Dust Transport and Acute Exacerbations of COPD in Miami. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082496. [PMID: 32756441 PMCID: PMC7464868 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Air pollution is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Changing climate and weather patterns can modify the levels and types of air pollutants. For example, dust outbreaks increase particulate air pollution. Objective: This paper examines the effect of Saharan dust storms on the concentration of coarse particulate matter in Miami, and its association with the risk of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 296 COPD patients (with 313 events) were followed between 2013 and 2016. We used Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) and satellite-based Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) to identify dust events and quantify particulate matter (PM) exposure, respectively. Exacerbation events were modeled with respect to location- and time-lagged dust and PM exposures, using multivariate logistic regressions. Measurements and main results: Dust duration and intensity increased yearly during the study period. During dust events, AOD increased by 51% and particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) increased by 25%. Adjusting for confounders, ambient temperature and local PM2.5 exposure, one-day lagged dust exposure was associated with 4.9 times higher odds of two or more (2+ hereto after) AECOPD events (odds ratio = 4.9; 95% CI = 1.8–13.4; p < 0.001). Ambient temperature exposure also showed a significant association with 2+ and 3+ AECOPD events. The risk of AECOPD lasted up to 15 days after dust exposure, declining from 10× higher on day 0 to 20% higher on day 15. Conclusions: Saharan dust outbreaks observed in Miami elevate the concentration of PM and increase the risk of AECOPD in COPD patients with recurring exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paquita Zuidema
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA;
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (M.P.G.); (M.M.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL and Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Michael Campos
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL and Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (N.K.); Tel.: +1-305-243-4854 (M.C. & N.K.)
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (N.K.); Tel.: +1-305-243-4854 (M.C. & N.K.)
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Distribution of PM2.5 Air Pollution in Mexico City: Spatial Analysis with Land-Use Regression Model. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9142936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the spatial distribution of PM2.5 air pollution in Mexico City from 37 personal exposures was modeled. Meteorological, demographic, geographic, and social data were also included. Geographic information systems (GIS), spatial analysis, and Land-Use Regression (LUR) were used to generate the final predictive model and the spatial distribution map which revealed two areas with very high concentrations (up to 109.3 µg/m3) and two more with lower concentrations (between 72 to 86.5 µg/m3) (p < 0.05). These results illustrate an overview trend of PM2.5 in relation to human activity during the studied periods in Mexico City and show a general approach to understanding the spatial variability of PM2.5.
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Rizza V, Stabile L, Vistocco D, Russi A, Pardi S, Buonanno G. Effects of the exposure to ultrafine particles on heart rate in a healthy population. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:2403-2410. [PMID: 30292996 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The correlation amongst exposure to ultrafine particle concentrations and heart rate in a large healthy population was investigated. The study was conducted by continuously monitoring for seven days fifty volunteers in terms of exposure to particle concentrations, heart rate and physical activity performed through portable monitors. Data were analyzed adopting a linear mixed model able to manage the obtained repeated measures and to recognize a general trend resulting from the subject-specific patterns. Results show that the short-term exposure to ultrafine particle concentrations is positively associated with the heart rate for the different physical activities of the subject investigated (laying down, sitting, standing positions). In particular, a logarithmic correlation was recognized with a sharper increase of about 4-6 bpm for a variation of the particle number concentration of 2 × 104 part/cm3 and a slighter effect for further increases of about 0.1-0.2 × 10-4 bpm/(part/cm). CAPSULE: A positive correlation can be associated between the exposure to ultrafine particles and the heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rizza
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy
| | - Luca Stabile
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy.
| | - Domenico Vistocco
- Department of Economics and Law, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy
| | - Aldo Russi
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy; Department of Engineering, University "Parthenope", Naples, Italy; Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Peters A, Hampel R, Cyrys J, Breitner S, Geruschkat U, Kraus U, Zareba W, Schneider A. Elevated particle number concentrations induce immediate changes in heart rate variability: a panel study in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism or diabetes. Part Fibre Toxicol 2015; 12:7. [PMID: 25888845 PMCID: PMC4379544 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-015-0083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health effects of short-term exposure to ambient ultrafine particles in micro-environments are still under investigation. METHODS Sixty-four individuals with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance recorded ambulatory electrocardiograms over five to six hours on 191 occasions in a panel study in Augsburg, Germany. Personal exposure to particle number concentrations (PNC) was monitored for each individual on 5-minute basis concurrently and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter<2.5 μm (PM2.5) was acquired from a central monitoring site on an hourly basis. RESULTS More than 11,000 5-minute intervals were available for heart rate and measures of heart rate variability including SDNN (standard deviation of NN intervals). A concurrent decrease in 5-minute SDNN of -0.56% (95% confidence limits (CI): -1.02%; -0.09%) and a 5-minute delayed increase in heart rate of 0.23 % (95% CI: 0.11%; 0.36%) was observed with an increase in personal PNC of 16,000 per cm3 in additive mixed models. Models evaluating the association of concurrent 5-minute personal PNC and of 1-hour PM2.5 showed independent effects on SDNN. CONCLUSION The data suggest that freshly emitted ultrafine particles and aged fine particulate matter are both associated with changes in cardiac function in individuals with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Peters
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Regina Hampel
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Josef Cyrys
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany. .,University of Augsburg, Environmental Science Center, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Susanne Breitner
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Uta Geruschkat
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Ute Kraus
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Wojciech Zareba
- Cardiology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 87564, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA, Brook JR, Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, Holguin F, Hong Y, Luepker RV, Mittleman MA, Peters A, Siscovick D, Smith SC, Whitsel L, Kaufman JD. Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: An update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2010; 121:2331-78. [PMID: 20458016 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e3181dbece1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3800] [Impact Index Per Article: 271.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In 2004, the first American Heart Association scientific statement on "Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease" concluded that exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the interim, numerous studies have expanded our understanding of this association and further elucidated the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved. The main objective of this updated American Heart Association scientific statement is to provide a comprehensive review of the new evidence linking PM exposure with cardiovascular disease, with a specific focus on highlighting the clinical implications for researchers and healthcare providers. The writing group also sought to provide expert consensus opinions on many aspects of the current state of science and updated suggestions for areas of future research. On the basis of the findings of this review, several new conclusions were reached, including the following: Exposure to PM <2.5 microm in diameter (PM(2.5)) over a few hours to weeks can trigger cardiovascular disease-related mortality and nonfatal events; longer-term exposure (eg, a few years) increases the risk for cardiovascular mortality to an even greater extent than exposures over a few days and reduces life expectancy within more highly exposed segments of the population by several months to a few years; reductions in PM levels are associated with decreases in cardiovascular mortality within a time frame as short as a few years; and many credible pathological mechanisms have been elucidated that lend biological plausibility to these findings. It is the opinion of the writing group that the overall evidence is consistent with a causal relationship between PM(2.5) exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This body of evidence has grown and been strengthened substantially since the first American Heart Association scientific statement was published. Finally, PM(2.5) exposure is deemed a modifiable factor that contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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