1
|
Zhang X, Li J, Li M, Zhang W, Wang Y, Xian Q. The effects of co-existing acridine on adsorption-desorption behavior of carbazole in soils: Co-sorption and mechanism insight. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134205. [PMID: 38579583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Carbazole (CBZ) and acridine (ACR) are polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (PANHs) widely found in combined contaminated soils, while investigations on organic-organic interactions have been very limited. In this study, batch experiments were carried out on five soils with different properties, taking CBZ as a representative of PANHs and ACR as a co-existing contaminant. The adsorption isotherms of CBZ (50-1000 μg/L) were nonlinear. Soil organic matter (SOM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) showed positive correlations with CBZ adsorption-desorption coefficients. The adsorption mechanisms of CBZ involved hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, and cation-π bonding. Different concentrations of ACR had varying effects on CBZ. The adsorption of CBZ was inhibited with 250 μg/L ACR. The cooperative adsorption was observed on three soils with increasing ACR concentration (1000 μg/L) and led to more pronounced nonlinear isotherms. The S-shaped isotherms of ACR indicated that ACR was adsorbed to the soil surface in a perpendicular configuration. New adsorption sites were created allowing for increased CBZ adsorption through π-π interaction with ACR. Therefore, variations in soil properties and potential impacts of co-existing contaminants should be well considered when assessing the combined pollution of site soil. This will contribute to a more accurate estimation of environmental and health risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiming Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan Y, Lan J, Wang Y, Shi R, Li Y, Li X, Yang Y, Zhao Z. Spatiotemporal variations in soil pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over a 20-year economic boom in different districts of a heavy industrial city in North China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118134. [PMID: 38237755 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Urbanization-related human activities, such as population aggregation, rapid industrial expansion, and intensified traffic, are key factors that impact local polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions and their associated health risks. Consequently, regions with varying degrees of urbanization within a megacity may exhibit diverse spatiotemporal patterns in the presence and distribution of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, resulting in different levels of ecological risks for local inhabitants following the same period of development. In this study, we measured the concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil samples collected from industrial district and rural district in Tianjin (China) in 2018, and compared with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon data in 2001 from a previous study to characterize these regional variations in occurrence, source, and human risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induced by urbanization with time and space. The results indicate the 20-year rapid urbanization and industrialization has differentially affected the composition, distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from different economic functional zones in Tianjin. Additionally, its impact on health risks in rural district appeared to be more significant than that in industrial district.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Jing Lan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Rongguang Shi
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Yaru Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Rural Energy & Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Yanying Yang
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zongshan Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mwangi JK, Degrendele C, Bandowe BAM, Bohlin-Nizzetto P, Halse AK, Šmejkalová AH, Kim JT, Kukučka P, Martiník J, Nežiková BP, Přibylová P, Prokeš R, Sáňka M, Tannous M, Vinkler J, Lammel G. Air-soil cycling of oxygenated, nitrated and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in source and receptor areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:170495. [PMID: 38296070 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives, OPAHs and NPAHs, are semivolatile air pollutants which are distributed and cycling regionally. Subsequent to atmospheric deposition to and accumulation in soils they may re-volatilise, a secondary source which is understudied. We studied the direction of air-soil mass exchange fluxes of 12 OPAHs, 17 NPAHs, 25 PAHs and one alkylated PAH in two rural environments being influenced by the pollutant concentrations in soil and air, by season, and by land cover. The OPAHs and NPAHs in samples of topsoil, of ambient air particulate and gas phases and in the gas-phase equilibrated with soil were analysed by GC-APCI-MS/MS. The pollutants soil burdens show a pronounced seasonality, a winter maximum for NPAHs and PAHs and a summer maximum for OPAHs. One order of magnitude more OPAH and parent PAH are found stored in forest soil than in nearby grassland soil. Among a number of 3-4 ring PAHs, the OPAHs benzanthrone and 6H-benzo(c,d)pyren-6-one, and the NPAHs 1- and 2-nitronaphthalene, 9-nitrophenanthrene and 7-nitrobenz(a)anthracene are found to re-volatilise from soils at a rural background site in central Europe in summer. At a receptor site in northern Europe, net deposition of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) prevails and re-volatilisation occurs only sporadic. Re-volatilisation of a number of PACs, including strong mutagens, from soils in summer and even in winter indicates that long-range atmospheric transport of primary PAC emissions from central Europe to receptor areas might be enhanced by secondary emissions from soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John K Mwangi
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Céline Degrendele
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Benjamin A M Bandowe
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Anne K Halse
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Jun-Tae Kim
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany; Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Sustainable Environment Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Petr Kukučka
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Martiník
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petra Přibylová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Prokeš
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Sáňka
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mariam Tannous
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vinkler
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li JN, Zhang Y, Wang JX, Hu J, Lu XM, Xie WX, Zhang ZF, Tang ZH. Methylated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in road dust, green belt soil and parking lot dust: occurrence, spatial distribution and emission sources. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:162. [PMID: 38592579 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Convenient transportation facilities not only bring the higher standard of living to big cities, but also bring some environmental pollution problems. In order to understand the presence and sources of methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Me-PAHs) in environmental samples and their association with total organic carbon (TOC), 49 Me-PAHs were analyzed in road dust, green belt soil and parking lot dust samples in Harbin. The results showed that the ranges of the total Me-PAHs (ΣMe-PAHs) content in road dust were 221-5826 ng/g in autumn and 697-7302 ng/g in spring, and those in green belt soil were 170-2509 ng/g and 155-9215 ng/g in autumn and spring, respectively. And ΣMe-PAHs content in parking lot dust ranged from 269 to 2515 ng/g in surface parking lots and from 778 to 10,052 ng/g in underground parking lots. In these samples, the composition profile of Me-PAHs was dominated by 4-ring Me-PAHs. The results of diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that petrogenic and pyrogenic sources were the main sources of Me-PAHs in the samples. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation for Me-PAHs in road dust and green belt soil on the same road. Furthermore, there was a significant positive relationship (0.12 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.67, P < 0.05) between Me-PAHs concentrations and the TOC content. This study demonstrated the presence of Me-PAHs with high concentrations in the road environment samples of Harbin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Nong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jie Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xi-Mei Lu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen-Xi Xie
- Qiqihar Environmental Monitoring Station, No. 571, Bukuinan Street, Longsha DistrictHeilongjiang Province, Qiqihar City, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China.
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Polar Academy, Harbin, 150090, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Zhong-Hua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Na M, Zhao Y, Rina S, Wang R, Liu X, Tong Z, Zhang J. Residues, potential source and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water of the East Liao River, Jilin Province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 886:163977. [PMID: 37164080 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The environmental risks posed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the diversity of their anthropogenic origins make them a global issue. Therefore, it is of utmost significance for protecting the aquatic environment and the growth of neighboring populations to identify their possible origins and ecological risk. Here, we detail the contamination profiles of 15 PAHs found in the East Liao River's surface waters in Jilin Province and use the receptor model Absolute Principal Component Analysis - Multiple Linear Regression (APCS-MLR) and diagnostic ratios method to identify the primary potential sources of pollution. Based on the natural hazard risk formation theory (NHRFT), an ecological risk assessment (ERA) model for PAHs in the East Liao River was developed. The method assesses the ecological risk status of PAHs by integrating the risk quotient (RQ) approach and the DPSIRM (driving force, pressure, state, impact, response, management) conceptual framework. Total concentrations in the surface water body were between 396.42 and 624.06 ng/L, with an average of 436.99 ng/L. The source research revealed that coal, biomass, and traffic emission sources are the most likely PAH contributors to the East Liao River. The ERA found that the majority of the sites' locations of the study were at low risk for PAHs in surface water bodies (30.7 % and 32.2 %, respectively), while only a tiny percentage of sites were at high or very high risk (1.8 % and 13.6 %). The study results provide theoretical support for the East Liao River's ecological, environmental protection, and policy formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mula Na
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yunmeng Zhao
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Su Rina
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Zhijun Tong
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Environment, Institute of Natural Hazards, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen W, Xian W, He G, Xue Z, Li S, Li W, Li Y, Zhang Y, Yang X. Occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of PAHs and OPAHs in urban agricultural soils from Guangzhou City, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114767. [PMID: 36917879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives in the environment is of growing concern because they exhibit higher toxicity than their parent PAHs. This study evaluated the large-scale occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of 16 PAHs and 14 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) in urban agricultural soils from seven districts of Guangzhou City, China. Linear correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between PAH and OPAH occurrence and a series of parameters. The compositional analysis, principal component analysis, diagnostic ratios, and principal component analysis coupled with a multiple linear regression model were used to identify the sources of PAHs and OPAHs in the soils. The average concentrations of ΣPAHs and ΣOPAHs (59.6 ± 31.1-213 ± 115.5 μg/kg) during the flood season were significantly higher than those during the dry season (42.1 ± 13.3-157.2 ± 98.2 μg/kg), which were due to relatively strong wet deposition during the flood season and weak secondary reactions during the dry season. Linear correlation analysis showed that soil properties, industrial activities, and agricultural activities (r = 0.27-0.96, p < 0.05) were responsible for the spatial distribution of PAHs during the dry season. The PAH distribution was mainly affected by precipitation during the flood season. The concentrations of ΣOPAHs were only related to the soil properties during the dry season because their occurrence was sensitive to secondary reactions, climate and meteorological conditions, and their water solubility. Our results further showed that coal combustion and traffic emissions were the dominant origins of PAHs and OPAHs during both the seasons. Wet deposition and runoff-induced transport also contributed to PAH and OPAH occurrence during the flood season. The results of this study can improve our understanding of the environmental risks posed by PAHs and OPAHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weisong Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Weixuan Xian
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Guiying He
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zhongye Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shaomin Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Wenyan Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Xingjian Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Almouallem W, Michel J, Dorge S, Joyeux C, Trouvé G, Le Nouen D. A comparative study of the sorption of O-PAHs and PAHs onto soils to understand their transport in soils and groundwater. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 124:61-75. [PMID: 36182167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated derivates (O-PAHs) are identified in soils and groundwater of industrialized sites and contribute to the risk for Humans and the Environment. Nevertheless, data are scarce in literature concerning their retention and transfer in soils and no soil - water partition coefficients are available for these compounds. Sorption of two PAHs, fluorene and acenaphthene and two O-PAHs, 9H-fluorenone and dibenzofuran onto two soils with different organic carbon contents was evaluated and compared by determining their sorption isotherms. Effect of ionic strength and liquid to solid ratio, on fluorene and fluorenone sorption was also evaluated. Sorption equilibrium is achieved within less than 24 hr of mixing and linear sorption models best fit the isotherm data. Acenaphthene and dibenzofuran are similarly sorbed onto the soil. KD of fluorene is higher than the one of fluorenone, showing a smaller affinity of fluorenone towards the solid phase. This means that O-PAH could form larger contamination plumes in groundwater than PAHs. Decreasing the L/S ratio from 100 to 50 and 30, increases the sorption of fluorenone onto the soil by 56% and 67% respectively, while the sorption of fluorene is slightly increased. Increasing the ionic strength of the aqueous phase also modifies the sorption of fluorenone, contrary to the sorption of fluorene which is slightly affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Almouallem
- French National Institute for Industrial and Environment and Risks, Direction Sites & Territoires, Verneuil en Halatte, F-60550, France; University of Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire Gestion des Risques et Environnement (LGRE) UR2334, Mulhouse, France; University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; University of Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) UMR 7042 CNRS, Mulhouse, France
| | - J Michel
- French National Institute for Industrial and Environment and Risks, Direction Sites & Territoires, Verneuil en Halatte, F-60550, France
| | - S Dorge
- University of Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire Gestion des Risques et Environnement (LGRE) UR2334, Mulhouse, France; University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - C Joyeux
- University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; University of Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) UMR 7042 CNRS, Mulhouse, France
| | - G Trouvé
- University of Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire Gestion des Risques et Environnement (LGRE) UR2334, Mulhouse, France; University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - D Le Nouen
- University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; University of Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) UMR 7042 CNRS, Mulhouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pilková Z, Hiller E, Filová L, Jurkovič Ľ. Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in roadside soils at traffic light intersections (Bratislava, Slovakia): concentrations, sources and influencing factors. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3473-3492. [PMID: 34613560 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Combustion of fossil fuels is the most important source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment. Cities are typical of many human activities which are dependent on fossil fuels (road and railway transport, heat generation, waste incineration and industry) on a small area, leading to high concentrations of PAHs in urban air, dust and soil. The aim of this study was to determine the possible influence of urban traffic on the accumulation of sixteen priority PAHs in soils (n = 132 at two soil depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) taken at intersections (n = 37) with different traffic volumes and road ages. Variable concentrations of the sum of PAHs (∑16PAH) ranging from 188 to 21,950 μg/kg with a mean and median of 3021 μg/kg and 1930 μg/kg were recorded, respectively. Concentrations of PAHs positively correlated with soil organic carbon content (TOC) (rSpearman = 0.518; p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive correlations between ∑16PAH concentrations and traffic volume/road age were found in this study (rSpearman = 0.689/0.619; p < 0.001), while ∑16PAH concentration decreased with increasing distance from the road edge and was statistically lower at a soil depth of 10-20 cm than at 0-10 cm (p < 0.05). Multivariate statistical methods (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) applied to log-ratio transformed data (clr) to decrease the constant sum constraint coupled with positive matrix factorisation (PMF) modelling pointed to the dominance of pyrogenic emission sources, with 62.1% traffic-related (petrol and diesel emissions, liquid fuel and motor oil spills, and tyre wear) according to PMF results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Pilková
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Edgar Hiller
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Lenka Filová
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina 1, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Jurkovič
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saravanakumar K, Sivasantosh S, Sathiyaseelan A, Sankaranarayanan A, Naveen KV, Zhang X, Jamla M, Vijayasarathy S, Vishnu Priya V, MubarakAli D, Wang MH. Impact of benzo[a]pyrene with other pollutants induce the molecular alternation in the biological system: Existence, detection, and remediation methods. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119207. [PMID: 35351595 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The exposure of benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) in recent times is rather unavoidable than ever before. BaP emissions are sourced majorly from anthropogenic rather than natural provenance from wildfires and volcanic eruptions. A major under-looked source is via the consumption of foods that are deep-fried, grilled, and charcoal smoked foods (meats in particular). BaP being a component of poly aromatic hydrocarbons has been classified as a Group I carcinogenic agent, which has been shown to cause both systemic and localized effects in animal models as well as in humans; has been known to cause various forms of cancer, accelerate neurological disorders, invoke DNA and cellular damage due to the generation of reactive oxygen species and involve in multi-generational phenotypic and genotypic defects. BaP's short and accumulated exposure has been shown in disrupting the fertility of gamete cells. In this review, we have discussed an in-depth and capacious run-through of the various origins of BaP, its economic distribution and its impact as well as toxicological effects on the environment and human health. It also deals with a mechanism as a single compound and its ability to synergize with other chemicals/materials, novel sensitive detection methods, and remediation approaches held in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Saravanakumar
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Alwarappan Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Life Sciences, Sri Sathya Sai University for Human Excellence, Navanihal, Karnataka, 585 313, India.
| | - Kumar Vishven Naveen
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Sampathkumar Vijayasarathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600048, India.
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bateni F, Mehdinia A, Lundin L, Hashtroudi MS. Distribution, source and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediments of northern part of the Persian Gulf. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133859. [PMID: 35149014 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Distribution, sources, and ecological risk of 43 compounds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surficial sediments of the Persian Gulf were investigated. The sediments were sampled from 60 offshore stations during an oceanographic cruise in the winter of 2012. Gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for the PAHs determinations in sediment samples. The concentrations of 21 parent PAHs, 7 methylated PAHs, 11 oxygenated PAHs and 4 nitrated PAHs were 9.0-201.5 ng g-1 dw, 3.3-60.3 ng g-1 dw, 15.2-172.7 ng g-1 dw and 0.1-8.3 ng g-1 dw, respectively. Among 21 parental PAHs, naphthalene (29.35 ng g-1 dw), phenanthrene (4.6 ng g-1 dw), and pyrene (3.18 ng g-1 dw) were the most abundant compound. 1-acenaphthenone (43.41 ng g-1 dw) and 2-methylnaphthalene (7.15 ng g-1 dw) showed the highest concentration in the oxy- and methyl-PAHs, respectively. The concentrations of nitro-PAHs were between not detected to 4 ng g-1 dw. According to the ecological risk assessment, the calculated total toxicity of PAHs was at below the lethal level on benthic organisms in all stations in the Persian Gulf, but there is risk of toxicity for the benthic organism in the Gulf of Oman (from the Strait of Hormuz to Jask). In general, nitrogenated and oxygenated derivatives did not show a significant risk in the study area. Based on the diagnostic ratios, the mixed sources (both petrogenic and pyrogenic) and pyrogenic sources have been identified for PAHs. Biomass combustion source has been identified for the stations near flares and gas fields. Principle component analysis-multivariate linear regression analysis for source identification shows that maritime traffic, abundant flares that burn the gas in oil, gas fields and dust storms have a major impact on the production of PAHs in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bateni
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, Tehran, P.O. Box: 14155-4781, Iran
| | - Ali Mehdinia
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, Tehran, P.O. Box: 14155-4781, Iran.
| | - Lisa Lundin
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mehri Seyed Hashtroudi
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, Tehran, P.O. Box: 14155-4781, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pollution Level, Partition and Spatial Distribution of Benzo(a)pyrene in Urban Soils, Road Dust and Their PM10 Fraction of Health-Resorts (Alushta, Yalta) and Industrial (Sebastopol) Cities of Crimea. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14040561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in particular benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), are priority organic pollutants coming from various anthropogenic sources. The levels of accumulation and the spatial distribution of BaP in urban soils, road dust and their PM10 particles (with a diameter of less than 10 microns) were for the first time determined for various land use zones and roads of different size in the cities of Crimea—Alushta, Yalta and Sebastopol. The average content of BaP in soils and road dust in Alushta is 60 and 97 ng/g, in Yalta—139 and 64 ng/g, in Sebastopol—260 and 89 ng/g, respectively, which considerably exceeds the background level (1 ng/g). The BaP concentrations in PM10 particles of soils and dust are up to 11 and four times higher, respectively, than the total contents; they concentrate 35–70% of amount of the pollutant. The accumulation of BaP in soils and dust depends on the type of land use and size of roads. The exceedance of BaP standards in soils and road dust indicates a hazardous environmental situation in three cities of Crimea. The most dangerous are PM10 particles, which form anomalies with extreme levels of BaP contamination.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hsiao TC, Cheng PC, Chi KH, Wang HY, Pan SY, Kao C, Lee YL, Kuo HP, Chung KF, Chuang HC. Interactions of chemical components in ambient PM 2.5 with influenza viruses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127243. [PMID: 34844361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The significance of this work is that ambient PM2.5 is a direct transmission mode for influenza virus infection to the human alveolar epithelium. The concentration of PM2.5 was 11.7 ± 5.5 μg/m3 in Taipei during 24 December 2019-13 January 2020. Approximately 79% of inhaled PM2.5 is able to reach the upper-to-lower airway, and 47% of PM2.5 is able to reach the alveolar epithelium for influenza virus infection. Influenza A and B viruses were detected in PM2.5 on 9 days, and the influenza A/H5 virus was detected on 15 days during the study period. FL and Pyr were negatively correlated with the influenza A virus. D(ah)P and Acp were positively correlated with the influenza B and A/H5 viruses, respectively. Cd, V, and Zn were positively correlated with the influenza A, B, and A/H5 viruses, respectively. Next, influenza A, B, and A/H5 viral plasmids interacted with carbon black, H2O2, DEPs, and UD. We observed that H2O2 significantly decreased levels of complementary DNA of the three influenza viruses. DEPs and UD significantly decreased influenza A and A/H5 viral levels. In conclusion, chemicals in PM2.5 may play vital roles in terms of viable influenza virus in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Ching Cheng
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for International Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kai Hsien Chi
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yang Wang
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for International Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Yu Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching Kao
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen X, Li H, Kong X, Cheng X, Li C, He H, Selvaraj KK, Yang S, Li S, Zhang L. Evaluating the adsorption performance of Tenax TA® in different containers: An isolation tool to study the bioaccessibility of nitro-PAHs in spiked soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150429. [PMID: 34844299 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The improved in vitro gastrointestinal simulation methods, with the addition of the adsorption sink, are considered as a promising tool for predicting the bioaccessibility of contaminants. However, the problem associated with the recovery of the adsorption sink from the complex matrix needs more understand. Although previous studies tried to solve this shortcoming by using the containers (a vessel to hold the adsorption sink), there is no systematic comparison study on the impact of containers on bioaccessibility till now, especially for nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs). In order to understand the problem, commonly used containers in previous studies (dialysis bags and stainless-steel screen) were selected and deployed in the Fed Organic Estimation Human Simulation Test (FOREhST) method to compare the effects of these containers on the bioaccessibility of nitro-PAHs desorbed from the five different types of soils into the gastrointestinal fluid (GIF). Results showed that in order to maintain a constant sorptive gradient for the high molecular weight (MW) nitro-PAHs, 0.25 g of Tenax TA® were required in FOREhST. Compared with Tenax TA® encapsulated in dialysis bag (Tenax-EDBG), the use of Tenax TA® encapsulated in dissolution basket (Tenax-EDBT) significantly increased the bioaccessibility of nitro-PAHs in the soil from 5.6-31.4% to 17.2-70.6%, due to the better diffusion performance. The bioaccessibility of nitro-PAHs by FOREhST extraction with Tenax-EDBT showed a significant negative correlation with soil total organic carbon (TOC), whereas a weak correlation with pH. This study provides the researchers with a more standardized in vitro method to quantify the bioaccessibility of PAHs and their derivatives in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiangcheng Kong
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinying Cheng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China; College of Ecological and Resource Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, PR China.
| | - Krishna Kumar Selvaraj
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China; Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Biodegradation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid by Acinetobacter johnsonii FZ-5 and Klebsiella oxytoca FZ-8 under anaerobic conditions. Biodegradation 2021; 33:17-31. [PMID: 34609628 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-021-09963-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) is a common organic compound that is prevalent in the environment, and the persistence of 4-HBA residues results in exertion of pollution-related detrimental effects. Bioremediation is an effective method for the removal of 4-HBA from the environment. In this study, two bacterial strains FZ-5 and FZ-8 capable of utilizing 4-HBA as the sole carbon and energy source under anaerobic conditions were isolated from marine sediment samples. Phylogenetic analysis identified the two strains FZ-5 and FZ-8 as Acinetobacter johnsonii and Klebsiella oxytoca, respectively. The strains FZ-5 and FZ-8 degraded 2000 mg·L-1 4-HBA in 72 h with degradation rates of 71.04% and 80.10%, respectively. The optimum culture conditions for degradation by the strains and crude enzymes were also investigated. The strains FZ-5 and FZ-8 also exhibited the ability to degrade other lignin-derived compounds, such as protocatechuic acid, cinnamic acid, and vanillic acid. Immobilization of the two strains showed that they could be used for the bioremediation of 4-HBA in an aqueous environment. Soils inoculated with the strains FZ-5 and FZ-8 showed higher degradation of 4-HBA than the uninoculated soil, and the strains could survive efficiently in anaerobic soil. This is the first report of 4-HBA-degrading bacteria, belonging to the two genera, which showed degradation ability under anaerobic conditions. This study expound the strains could efficiently degrade 4-HBA in anaerobic soil and will help in the development of 4-HBA anaerobic bioremediation systems.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Chen H, Liu C, Chen R, Wang Y, Teng Y. Developing an integrated framework for source apportionment and source-specific health risk assessment of PAHs in soils: Application to a typical cold region in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125730. [PMID: 34088198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, a new integrated methodology framework has been proposed for source apportionment and source-oriented risk evaluation, and applied to identify the characteristics, sources and health risks of PAHs in the soils of a typical cold region in Northeastern China. To this end, a large-scale data set containing 1780 soil samples and 16 priority PAHs has been collected from the study area. Two advanced receptor models, positive matrix factorization (PMF) and multivariate curve resolution-weighted alternating least-squares (MCR-WALS), have been comparatively employed to apportion the pollution sources of soil PAHs, with the help of a set of modified literature PAH source fingerprints. Further, the apportionment results have been incorporated into a probabilistic incremental lifetime cancer risk model for assessing the source-specific health risk of soil PAHs. Notably, the PMF and MCR-WALS models have apportioned essentially same results. The coal combustion and gasoline engine are identified as the main contributors of soil PAHs, with contributions of 57.9-58.1% and 25.2-22.2%, respectively. The health risks posed by PAHs in the soils are negligible for both adult and children; relatively, source-oriented risk assessment shows coal combustions make the largest contribution to the total risk of PAHs (56.1%), followed by gasoline engine (22.5%) and coke oven (21.4%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruihui Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yeyao Wang
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hamilton TJ, Krook J, Szaszkiewicz J, Burggren W. Shoaling, boldness, anxiety-like behavior and locomotion in zebrafish (Danio rerio) are altered by acute benzo[a]pyrene exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145702. [PMID: 33609832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to crude oil and/or its derivatives in fishes can negatively impact survival, morphology and physiology, but relatively little focus has been on behavior. Exposures can influence prey-predator interactions, courtship and other vital behaviors, leading to individual or population disruption at toxicant levels well below those producing morphological or physiological changes. The few behavioral studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on fish behavior have yielded highly inconsistent results, likely relating to chronic vs. acute treatment. A few studies report lethargy and decreased exploratory behavior, while others indicate increased anxiety and greater exploratory behavior with PAH exposure. In our study on zebrafish (Danio rerio), we hypothesized that even relatively brief (30 min) exposure to the PAH benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) would impact group shoaling and individual behaviors in open field and novel object exploration tests. Exposures comprised measured concentrations of 1.0 μM, 10 μM, or 100 μM, B[a]P. Compared to controls, inter-individual distance (IID) was significantly increased by 100 μM B[a]P, but not by 1.0 μM or 10 μM B[a]P. Total distance moved by shoals was decreased significantly at B[a]P concentrations of 1.0 μM, 10 μM and 100 μM. In the open field test of individual locomotion and anxiety-like behavior, time spent in the thigmotaxis zone along the walls of the circular test arena (a proxy for anxiety-like behavior), was decreased at 100 μM. In the novel object approach test to investigate boldness, time spent near the object was significantly increased by both 10 μM and 100 μM B[a]P. Collectively, these data indicate a complex suite of changes in zebrafish including altered shoal dynamics, decreased anxiety, increased boldness, and decreased locomotion associated with exposure to B[a]P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Jeffrey Krook
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | | | - Warren Burggren
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen X, Cheng X, Meng H, Selvaraj KK, Li H, He H, Du W, Yang S, Li S, Zhang L. Past, present, and future perspectives on the assessment of bioavailability/bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A 20-year systemic review based on scientific econometrics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145585. [PMID: 33607432 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccessibility/bioavailability (bioac-bioav) is an important criterion in the risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially in the restoration of contaminated sites. Although, the bioac-bioav concept is widely employed in PAH risk assessment for both humans and wildlife, their growth and integration in risk assessment models are seldom discussed. Consequently, the relevant literature listed on Web of Science (WOS)™ was retrieved and analyzed using the bibliometric software Citespace in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of this issue. Due to the limitations of the literature search software, we manually searched the articles about PAHs bioac-bioav that were published before 2000. This stage focuses on research on the distribution coefficient of PAHs between different environmental phases and laid the foundation for the adsorption-desorption of PAHs in subsequent studies of the bioac-bioav of PAHs. The research progress on PAH bioac-bioav from 2000 to the present was evaluated using the Citespace software based on country- and discipline-wise publication volumes and research hotspots. The development stages of PAH bioac-bioav after 2000 were divided into four time segments. The first three segments (2000-2005, 2006-2010, and 2011-2015) focused on the degradation of PAHs and their in vivo (bioavailability)-in vitro (bioaccessibility) evaluation method and risk assessment. Meanwhile, the current (2016-present) research focuses on the establishment of analytical methods for assessing PAH derivatives at environmental concentrations and the optimization of various in vitro digestion methods, including chemical optimization (sorptive sink) and biological optimization (Caco-2 cell). The contents are aimed at supplying researchers with a deeper understanding of the development of PAH bioac-bioav.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xinying Cheng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Han Meng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Kumar Krishna Selvaraj
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China; College of Ecological and Resource Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, Fujian 354300, PR China.
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Okhrimenko D, Lakshtanov L, Olsson M, Ceccato M, Dalby K, Rodriguez-Blanco J, Andersson M, Stipp S. Adsorption of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds (NHC) on soil minerals: Quinoline as an example. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
19
|
Shi R, Li X, Yang Y, Fan Y, Zhao Z. Contamination and human health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soils from Tianjin coastal new region, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115938. [PMID: 33158616 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils are of increasing concern because of their potential toxicity and persistence. However, there is limited information about PAHs in Tianjin coastal new region, although it is an important economic and industrial center in Northern China. Here we determined the concentrations of PAHs in 210 surface soil samples collected from this region according to administrative divisions covering Han'gu district, Tanggu district, and Dagang district, to evaluate their contamination and potential cancer risks. The concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 58.2 to 9160 ng g-1, and the highest concentration was found in Han'gu district. According to the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model, the soils from Han'gu district and Dagang district posed a moderate carcinogenic risk to residents, and dermal contact was the main exposure pathway. Besides, ILCRs for children through ingestion were comparable to those for adults but apparently higher than adolescents, while ILCRs of dermal contact for adults were higher than children and adolescents. Comparisons between the layout of industrial zones and the distributions of PAHs as well as ILCRs indicate that PAHs accumulating in soils and then incurring risk areas is partly controlled by the economic and industrial structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongguang Shi
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Rural Energy & Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Yanying Yang
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Zongshan Zhao
- Environmental Science and Engineering College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He Y, Yang C, He W, Xu F. Nationwide health risk assessment of juvenile exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water body of Chinese lakes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:138099. [PMID: 32229384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose a serious threat to the lake ecosystem and human health, and the human health risk assessment of PAH exposure is expected as an urgent project in China. This paper focused on 44 Chinese lakes in 6 lake zones to investigate the occurrence, composition and source of 19 PAHs in water body and estimate the human health risk under PAH exposure. The "List of PAH Priority Lakes" in China was generated based on the combination of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model and Monte Carlo simulation. Our results showed that the Σ17 PAHs ranged from 3.75 ng·L-1 to 368.68 ng·L-1 with a median of 55.88 ng·L-1. Low-ring PAHs were the predominant compounds. PAH profiles varied significantly at lake zone level. Diagnostic ratios showed that PAHs might derive from petroleum and coal or biomass combustion. Benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent toxic concentrations (BaPeq) of the Σ17 PAHs ranged from 0.07 ng·L-1 to 2.26 ng·L-1 (0.62 ± 0.52 ng·L-1, mean ± standard deviation) with a median of 0.47 ng·L-1. Benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and benzo[e]pyrene (BeP) were the main toxic isomers. Juvenile exposure to PAHs via oral ingestion (drinking) and dermal contact (showering) had negligible and potential health risks, respectively. Juveniles were the sensitive population for PAH exposure. 15 lakes were screened into the "List of PAH Priority Lakes" in three priority levels: first priority (Level A), moderate priority (Level B) and general priority (Level C). Lake Taihu, Lake Chaohu and Lake Hongze were the extreme priority lakes. Optimizing the economic structures and reducing the combustion emissions in these areas should be implemented to reduce the population under potential health risk of PAHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chen Yang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei He
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuliu Xu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|