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Wang JJ, Zhou YY, Xiang JL, Du HS, Zhang J, Zheng TG, Liu M, Ye MQ, Chen Z, Du Y. Disinfection of wastewater by a complete equipment based on a novel ultraviolet light source of microwave discharge electrodeless lamp: Characteristics of bacteria inactivation, reactivation and full-scale studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170200. [PMID: 38296065 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light is widely used for wastewater disinfection. Traditional electrode-excited UV lamps, such as low-pressure mercy lamps (LPUV), encounter drawbacks like electrode aging and rapid light attenuation. A novel UV source of microwave discharge electrodeless lamp (MDEL) has aroused attention, yet its disinfection performance is unclear and still far from practical application. Here, we successfully developed a complete piece of equipment based on MDELs and achieved the application for disinfection in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The light emitted by an MDEL (MWUV) shared a spectrum similar to that of LPUV, with the main emission wavelength at 254 nm. The inactivation rate of Gram-negative E. coli by MWUV reached 4.5 log at an intensity of 1.6 mW/cm2 and a dose of 20 mJ/cm2. For Gram-positive B. subtilis, an MWUV dose of 50 mJ/cm2 and a light intensity of 1.2 mW/cm2 reached an inactivation rate of 3.4 log. A higher MWUV intensity led to a better disinfection effect and a lower photoreactivation rate of E. coli. When inactivated by MWUV with an intensity of 1.2 mW/cm2 and a dose of 16 mJ/cm2, the maximum photoreactivation rate and reactivation rate constant Kmax of E. coli were 0.63 % and 0.11 % h-1 respectively. Compared with the photoreactivation, the dark repair of E. coli was insignificant. The full-scale application of the MDEL equipment was conducted in two WWTPs (10,000 m3/d and 15,000 m3/d). Generally 2-3 log inactivation rates of fecal coliforms in secondary effluent were achieved within 5-6 s contact time, and the disinfected effluent met the emission standard (1000 CFU/L). This study successfully applied MDEL for disinfection in WWTPs for the first time and demonstrated that MDEL has broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yun-Yi Zhou
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Jue-Lin Xiang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Hai-Sheng Du
- Sichuan Macyouwei Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Sichuan Science City Tianren Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Mianyang 621022, China
| | - Ti-Gang Zheng
- Sichuan Science City Tianren Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Mianyang 621022, China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ming-Qi Ye
- Everbright Water (Shenzhen) Limited, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ye Du
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China.
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Jang HJ, Yun G, Shim H, Hwang SY, Kim SY, Kim J, Jung H, Khan MM, Sohn Y. Ultraviolet Light-Assisted Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulant 2-Chloroethyl Phenyl Sulfide on Metal-Loaded TiO 2 /Ti Surfaces. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202300246. [PMID: 38377228 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of ultraviolet (UV) light for the decontamination of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has gained recognition as an effective method, especially for treating hard-to-reach areas where wet chemical methods are impractical. In this study, TiO2 /Ti was employed as a model catalyst, which was contaminated with 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (CEPS), and subjected to photocatalytic decontamination using both UVB and UVC light. Additionally, photocatalytic decontamination efficiency by introducing Au, Pt, and Cu onto the TiO2 /Ti surface was explored. During the photodecomposition process under UVC light, at least eight distinct secondary byproducts were identified. It was observed that the introduction of overlayer metals did not significantly enhance the photodecomposition under UVC light instead overlaid Au exhibited substantially improved activity under UVB light. Whereas, photodecomposition process under UVB light, only five secondary products were detected, including novel compounds with sulfoxide and sulfone functional groups. This novel study offers valuable insights into the generation of secondary products and sheds light on the roles of overlayer metals and photon wavelength in the photodecontamination process of CWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ji Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Huieun Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Young Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoo Jung
- Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Mansoob Khan
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Youngku Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
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Sudarsh A, Remya N, Swain A. Recent research advancements in microwave photocatalytic treatment of aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:142. [PMID: 36418594 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microwave (MW) photocatalytic treatment was used for the removal of several pollutants from wastewater to overcome the disadvantages of conventional photocatalytic treatment. MW irradiation significantly enhanced the photocatalytic degradation pollutants and is considered an innovative treatment approach. This enhancement in photoactivity was mainly attributed to thermal and non-thermal effects of the MW irradiation. Even though the thermal effects of MW irradiation have been conclusively studied, there are many conflicting results regarding the non-thermal effects in catalysts. In general, it has been verified that the non-thermal effects are due to the electrical and magnetic properties of MW. In this article, a detailed review of the recent advancements in MW-assisted photocatalysis has been done, emphasizing the non-thermal effects of MW radiation on the surface of the catalysts. Also, the evolution of external ultraviolet (UV) sources from the conventional Hg lamp to the latest microwave-driven electrodeless lamps (MDEL) has been discussed. MW photocatalytic treatment using MDELs showed complete removal of lignin, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), and azo dye reactive brilliant red X-3B (BR) and more than 90% removal for cimetidine (CMT), rhodamine B (RB), and methylene blue (MB). A brief comparison regarding the removal efficiencies of pollutants by various AOPs and MW photocatalysis has been made to understand the enhanced photoactivity. In addition, various operating parameters that affect the MW photocatalysis like MW intensity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and catalyst dosage; the degradation pathways of various pollutants; and the cost assessment of MW photocatalysis are discussed in detail. This paper will deliver a scientific and technical overview and useful information to scientists and engineers working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sudarsh
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Khordha, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Neelancherry Remya
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Khordha, 752050, Odisha, India.
| | - Anil Swain
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Khordha, 752050, Odisha, India
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Akhmadullin RM, Gubaidullin AT, Kharlampidi KE, Kurbankulov SR, Nigmatullin TF, Dao MU, Khamidullin RF, Akhmadullina AG, Vasseghian Y, Hoang HY. Bivalent copper oligopyrocatecholate as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidative degradation of mercaptan in caustic solution: Synthesis, characterization, and kinetic study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112171. [PMID: 34610326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel catalyst based on bivalent copper oligopyrocatecholate was first successfully synthesized and dispersed in a polymer matrix for oxidative degradation of mercaptan in aqueous caustic solution. X-ray diffraction analysis has demonstrated that the synthesized catalyst was a crystalline phase with a minimum amorphous component. Mechanism analysis and kinetic experiments were conducted to investigate the kinetic mechanism of the reaction of isopropyl mercaptan oxidation catalyzed by copper oligopyrocatecholate dispersed in a polymer matrix. The influences of temperature, initial concentrations of reactants, and catalytic surface area on the reaction rate were studied to obtain the rate expression of intrinsic kinetics. The research results showed that the subsequent electron-transfer step was the rate-limiting step of the reaction. Additionally, the mercaptan oxidation rate in caustic solution was inversely proportional to the first power of the alkali concentration. The apparent activation energy was approximately 27.71 ± 1.12 kJ/mol. Importantly, this rate law for mercaptan oxidation can be used to design industrial reactors for the light oil sweetening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Akhmadullin
- R&D "AhmadullinS" LLC, 34 Syberian Tract, Kazan, 420139, Russia
| | - A T Gubaidullin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, 8 Akad. Arbuzova, Kazan, 420088, Russia
| | - Kh E Kharlampidi
- Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx, Kazan, 420015, Russia
| | - S R Kurbankulov
- Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx, Kazan, 420015, Russia
| | - T F Nigmatullin
- Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx, Kazan, 420015, Russia
| | - M U Dao
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; The Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - R F Khamidullin
- Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx, Kazan, 420015, Russia
| | | | - Y Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - H Y Hoang
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resource and Environment, Ho Chi Minh, 72110, Viet Nam.
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