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Ouedrhiri W, Bennis I, El Arroussi H. Recent advances in microalgae-based vitamin D metabolome: Biosynthesis, and production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 407:131078. [PMID: 38977035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) production-based microalgae biosynthesis presents various benefits including sustainability, fast expansion, and the capacity to generate substantial quantities. However, this approach suffers from serious challenges that require effective cultivation methods and extraction processes. Indeed, further researches are of significant interest to understand the biosynthesis pathways, enhance the processes, and ensure its viability. In this context, the present review focuses on an in-depth understanding of the chemistry of VD and its analogues and provides a comprehensive explanation of the biosynthesis pathways, precursors, and production methods. In addition, this work discusses the state of the art reflecting the recent advances researches and the global market of microalgae as a potential source of VD. In sum, this paper demonstrates that microalgae can efficiently biosynthesize various forms of VD, presenting a sustainable alternative for VD production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wessal Ouedrhiri
- Algal Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), University Mohamed 6 Polytechnic (UM6P), BenGuerir, Morocco.
| | - Imane Bennis
- Plant and Microbial Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat Design Centre, Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli, Madinate Al Irfane, 10100 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hicham El Arroussi
- Algal Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), University Mohamed 6 Polytechnic (UM6P), BenGuerir, Morocco
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Zhang T, Zhang D, Mkandawire V, Feng A. Quantitative modelling reservoir microalgae proliferation in response to water-soluble anions and cations influx. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 397:130451. [PMID: 38369079 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric precipitation deposits acid-forming substances into surface water. However, the effects of water-soluble components on microalgae proliferation are poorly understood. This study analysed the growth characteristics of three microalgae bioindicators of water quality: Scenedesmus quadricauda, Chlorella vulgaris, and Scenedesmus obliquus, adopting on-site monitoring, culture experiments simulating 96 types of water by supplementing anions and cations, and predictive modelling. The result quantified pH > 3.0 rain with dominant Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ cations, together with anions of NO3- and SO42-. The presence of Ca2+ of up to 0.1 mM and Mg2+ concentrations (>0.5 mM) suppressed Scenedesmus quadricauda growth. Soluble ions, luminosity, and pH had significant impacts (p ≤ 0.01) on increased microalgae proliferation. A newly proposed microalgae growth model predicted a 10.7-fold increase in cell density six days post-incubation in the case of rainfall. The modelling supports algal outbreaks and delays prediction during regional water cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
| | - Dingqiang Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
| | | | - Aiguo Feng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Marques F, Pereira F, Machado L, Martins JT, Pereira RN, Costa MM, Genisheva Z, Pereira H, Vicente AA, Teixeira JA, Geada P. Comparison of Different Pretreatment Processes Envisaging the Potential Use of Food Waste as Microalgae Substrate. Foods 2024; 13:1018. [PMID: 38611325 PMCID: PMC11011475 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant fraction of the food produced worldwide is currently lost or wasted throughout the supply chain, squandering natural and economic resources. Food waste valorization will be an important necessity in the coming years. This work investigates the ability of food waste to serve as a viable nutritional substrate for the heterotrophic growth of Chlorella vulgaris. The impact of different pretreatments on the elemental composition and microbial contamination of seven retail food waste mixtures was evaluated. Among the pretreatment methods applied to the food waste formulations, autoclaving was able to eliminate all microbial contamination and increase the availability of reducing sugars by 30%. Ohmic heating was also able to eliminate most of the contaminations in the food wastes in shorter time periods than autoclave. However, it has reduced the availability of reducing sugars, making it less preferable for microalgae heterotrophic cultivation. The direct utilization of food waste containing essential nutrients from fruits, vegetables, dairy and bakery products, and meat on the heterotrophic growth of microalgae allowed a biomass concentration of 2.2 × 108 cells·mL-1, being the culture able to consume more than 42% of the reducing sugars present in the substrate, thus demonstrating the economic and environmental potential of these wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Marques
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Francisco Pereira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Luís Machado
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Joana T. Martins
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo N. Pereira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Monya M. Costa
- GreenCoLab—Associação Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.M.C.); (H.P.)
| | | | - Hugo Pereira
- GreenCoLab—Associação Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.M.C.); (H.P.)
| | - António A. Vicente
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - José A. Teixeira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pedro Geada
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.M.); (F.P.); (L.M.); (J.T.M.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.); (P.G.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Varunraj R, Priyadharshini U, Vijay K, Balamurugan S. Adaptive laboratory evolution empowers lipids and biomass overproduction in Chlorella vulgaris for environmental applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117125. [PMID: 37709245 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal strain improvement with commercial features is needed to generate green biological feedstock to produce lipids for bioenergy. Hence, improving algal strain with enhanced lipid content without hindering cellular physiological parameters is pivotal for commercial applications of microalgae. In this report, we demonstrated the adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) by hypersaline conditions to improve the algal strains for increasing the lipid overproduction capacity of Chlorella vulgaris for environmental applications. The evolved strains (namely E2 and E2.5) without notable impairment in general physiological parameters were scrutinized after 35 cycles. Conventional gravimetric lipid analysis showed that total lipid accumulation was hiked by 2.2-fold in the ALE strains compared to the parental strains. Confocal observation of algal cells stained with Nile-red showed that the abundance of lipid droplets was higher in the evolved strains without any apparent morphological aberrations. Furthermore, evolved strains displayed notable antioxidant potential than the control cells. Interestingly, carbohydrates and protein content were significantly decreased in the evolved cells, indicating that carbon flux was redirected into lipogenesis in the evolved cells. Altogether, our findings demonstrated a potential and feasible strategy for microalgal strain improvement for simultaneous lipids and biomass hyperaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Varunraj
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Uthayakumar Priyadharshini
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Kannusamy Vijay
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Srinivasan Balamurugan
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India.
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Hou X, Li Y, Zhang X, Ge S, Mu Y, Shen J. Unraveling the intracellular and extracellular self-defense of Chlorella sorokiniana toward highly toxic pyridine stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129366. [PMID: 37343803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A bottleneck of microalgae-based techniques for wastewater bioremediation is activity inhibition of microalgae by toxic pollutants. The defense strategies of Chlorella sorokinana against toxic pyridine were studied. Results indicated that pyridine caused photoinhibition and reactive oxygen species overproduction in a concentration-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration of pyridine (147 mg L-1) destroyed C/N balance, disrupted multiple metabolic pathways of C. sorokinana. In response to pyridine stress, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities increased to scavenge reactive oxygen species under pyridine concentrations lower than 23 mg L-1. At higher pyridine concentrations, the activation of calcium signaling pathways and phytohormones represented the predominant defense response. Extracellular polymeric substances increased 3.6-fold in 147 mg L-1 group than control, which interacted with pyridine through hydrophobic and aromatic stacking to resist pyridine entering algal cells. Unraveling the intracellular and extracellular self-defense mechanisms of microalgae against pyridine stress facilitates the development of microalgal-based technology in wastewater bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Hou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Wang M, Zhou J, Castagnini JM, Berrada H, Barba FJ. Pulsed electric field (PEF) recovery of biomolecules from Chlorella: Extract efficiency, nutrient relative value, and algae morphology analysis. Food Chem 2023; 404:134615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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