Associations of urinary 1,3-butadiene metabolite with glucose homeostasis, prediabetes, and diabetes in the US general population: Role of alkaline phosphatase

Associations of coal mine dust exposure with arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in chinese coal miners

OBJECTIVE

Whether coal mine dust exposure increases cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk was rarely explored. Our objective was to examine the association between coal mine dust exposure and cardiovascular risk.

METHODS

We estimated cumulative coal mine dust exposure (CDE) for 1327 coal miners by combining data on workplace dust concentrations and work history. We used brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV, a representative indicator of arterial stiffness) and ten-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk to assess potential CVD risk, exploring their associations with CDE.

RESULTS

Positive dose-response relationships of CDE with baPWV and ten-year ASCVD risk were observed after adjusting for covariates. Specifically, each 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in CDE was related to a 0.27 m/s (95% CI: 0.21, 0.34) increase in baPWV and a 1.29 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.46) elevation in OR (odds ratio) of risk of abnormal baPWV. Moreover, each 1 SD increase in CDE was associated with a 0.74% (95% CI: 0.63%, 0.85%) increase in scores of ten-year ASCVD and a 1.91 (95% CI: 1.62, 2.26) increase in OR of risk of ten-year ASCVD. When compared with groups unexposed to coal mine dust, significant increase in the risk of arterial stiffness and ten-year ASCVD in the highest CDE groups were detected.

CONCLUSION

The study suggested that cumulative exposure to coal mine dust was associated with elevated arterial stiffness and ten-year ASCVD risk in a dose-response manner. These findings contribute valuable insights for cardiovascular risk associated with coal mine dust.

Increased Levels of Urine Volatile Organic Compounds Are Associated With Diabetes Risk and Impaired Glucose Homeostasis

CONTEXT

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are pervasive environmental pollutants that have been linked to various adverse health effects. However, the effect of ambient VOCs, whether individually or in mixtures, on diabetes remains uncertain and requires further investigation.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the effects of ambient VOCs exposure, whether single or mixed, on diabetes mellitus and glucose homeostasis in the general population.

METHODS

Urinary concentrations of VOC metabolites were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Survey-weighted logistic regression and generalized linear regression were used to explore the associations between individual VOC exposure and diabetes risk and glucose homeostasis indicators, respectively. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models were applied to assess the combined effects of VOC mixtures.

RESULTS

Out of 8468 participants, 1504 had diabetes mellitus. Eight VOC metabolites showed positive associations with diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.15-1.43; all P < .05), insulin resistance (IR) (OR, 1.02-1.06; P < .05), and other glucose homeostasis indicators (β, 0.04-2.32; all P < .05). Mixed VOC models revealed positive correlations between the WQS indices and diabetes risk (OR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.29-1.81), IR (OR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.14-1.62), and other glucose homeostasis indicators (β, 0.17-2.22; all P < .05).

CONCLUSION

Urinary metabolites of ambient VOCs are significantly associated with an increased diabetes risk and impaired glucose homeostasis. Thus, primary prevention policies aimed at reducing ambient VOCs could attenuate diabetes burden.